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We present the development and characterization of a high-stability, multi-material, multi-thickness tape-drive target for laser-driven acceleration at repetition rates of up to 100 Hz. The tape surface position was measured to be stable on the sub-micrometre scale, compatible with the high-numerical aperture focusing geometries required to achieve relativistic intensity interactions with the pulse energy available in current multi-Hz and near-future higher repetition-rate lasers ( $>$ kHz). Long-term drift was characterized at 100 Hz demonstrating suitability for operation over extended periods. The target was continuously operated at up to 5 Hz in a recent experiment for 70,000 shots without intervention by the experimental team, with the exception of tape replacement, producing the largest data-set of relativistically intense laser–solid foil measurements to date. This tape drive provides robust targetry for the generation and study of high-repetition-rate ion beams using next-generation high-power laser systems, also enabling wider applications of laser-driven proton sources.

Big data analytics, cloud services, internet of things (IoT), personal mobile devices, social networks and artificial intelligence (AI) have created strong demand for enterprises to amass information. Studies show that the amount of data being recorded is increasing about 30–40% per year. Based on some estimates, in 2023, approximately 330 million terabytes of data were created each day. It is further estimated that 80–90% of data created never gets accessed again. Magnetic tape and hard disk drives and semiconductor-based solid-state drives are used to store data. Hard disk and solid-state drives are online, and tape drives are offline and used for archival storage of big data and backup. The market share of solid-state drives continues to increase; however, they are more expensive than hard disk drives in cost per TB. Over the years, areal recording densities of magnetic data storage devices have continued to increase by two digits annually because of the introduction of new technologies. Total capacity and units shipped have increased astronomically but price per TB continues to go down which keeps magnetic storage industry under constant pressure. In 2024, because of low cost per TB, hard disk drives are projected to control more than half of the world’s data and will remain robust for some time. In 2023, magnetic tape drives remained dominant for archival storage and backup because of high volumetric density and low cost per TB. This paper starts with a description of new technologies to meet growing areal density demands followed by an overview of the current market and outlook of magnetic data storage devices. Competitive solid-state drives for data storage are also discussed.

The main computing and storage facility of INFN (Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics) running at CNAF hosts and manages tens of Petabytes of data produced by the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiments at CERN and other scientific collaborations in which INFN is involved. Most of these data are stored on tape resources of different technologies. All the tape drives can be used for administrative tasks (as repack, audit, space reclamation), as well to write and read data of all the experiments. Moreover, the usage of tape resources by scientific communities will become considerably more intense in the next years and the amount of data on tape will double by 2025. For these reasons, the issue of the concurrent access to tape drives is significant. We designed a software solution to optimize the efficiency of the shared usage of tape drives in our environment and put it in production in January 2020. In this paper we present the experience with such dynamic tape resources allocation in production. Comparing it with the previous static allocation method, we observed an improvement in reading throughput up to 85%. Moreover, we describe the new features added to our solution to optimize the efficiency of the shared usage of tape drives of different technologies.

Ring spinning is noteworthy for its wide range of uses as well as the substantial influence of process parameters, such as spindle speed, traveler count, ring diameter, and roller pressure, on yarn quality. Despite substantial research on these parameters, the impact of spindle tape aging on yarn quality remains unexplored. This study fills a gap by investigating the effect of spindle tape lifespan on yarn-quality measures. Thirteen samples of 30 Ne were developed against different spindle tape ages such as 0 (new) to 24 months at the 2-month interval. The best spindle tape replacement interval was determined using a regression analysis using confidence and prediction bounds, as well as yarn-quality standards. The findings indicate that the strength, imperfection, and hairiness of yarn are greatly impacted by spindle tape aging. Based on the findings, it is advised that spindle tapes be replaced every 18 months to ensure good yarn quality. This study offers useful information on spindle tape maintenance to factory owners, along with doable suggestions to improve the quality of yarn production.

Storage of digital data is becoming challenging for humanity due to the relatively short life-span of storage devices. Furthermore, the exponential increase in the generation of digital data is creating the need for constantly constructing new resources to handle the storage of this data volume. Recent studies suggest the use of the DNA molecule as a promising novel candidate which can hold 500 Gbyte/mm3 (1000 times more than HDD drives). Any digital information can be synthesized into DNA in vitro and stored in special tiny storage capsules that can promise reliability for hundreds of years. The stored DNA sequence can be retrieved whenever needed using special machines that are called sequencers. This whole process is very challenging, as the process of DNA synthesis is expensive in terms of money and sequencing is prone to errors. However, studies have shown that when respecting several rules in the encoding, the probability of sequencing error is reduced. Consequently, the encoding of digital information is not trivial, and the input data need to be efficiently compressed before encoding so that the high synthesis cost is reduced. In this paper, we present a survey on the storage of digital data in synthetic DNA, explaining the problem which is tackled by this novel field of study, present the main processes included in the storage workflow as well as the history of different studies and the most well-known algorithms that have been proposed in the bibliography on DNA data storage.

The need for increased storage capacity in today's data storage technology has created a continuing need to study the tribological performance of magnetic tape. Lateral tape motion (LTM) is one important area of ongoing tribological research. The objective of the study presented in this article is to determine the effects different magnetic tapes and operating parameters have on LTM. Specifically, the research focuses on LTM in five different tape samples and the effects the varying operating parameters have on LTM. The tapes studied include metal particulate (MP), thin MP, and three advanced metal evaporated (AME) tapes, as well as MP tapes with different edge quality and tapes from staggered packs. The operating parameters studied include tension, speed, and head and bearing setup. Experimental methods used to collect and analyze the LTM data are discussed and the findings are presented.

The features of modeling the dynamics of mechanical systems on the example of the operation of the tape drive mechanism related to real technological processes are stated. An approach to solving stiff systems of differential equations by the numerical-analytical method is noted. The approach is based on solving systems of higher-order differential equations using elementary functions using procedures for precision search for the roots of the characteristic polynomial of the system. A mathematical model of the tape drive mechanism of a VCR is given as an example of a precision electromechanical object.

The IT Storage group at CERN develops the software responsible for archiving to tape the custodial copy of the physics data generated by the LHC experiments. Physics run 3 will start in 2021 and will introduce two major challenges for which the tape archive software must be evolved. Firstly the software will need to make more efficient use of tape drives in order to sustain the predicted data rate of 150 petabytes per year as opposed to the current 50 petabytes per year. Secondly the software will need to be seamlessly integrated with EOS, which has become the de facto disk storage system provided by the IT Storage group for physics data. The tape storage software for LHC physics run 3 is code named CTA (the CERN Tape Archive). This paper describes how CTA will introduce a pre-emptive drive scheduler to use tape drives more efficiently, will encapsulate all tape software into a single module that will sit behind one or more EOS systems, and will be simpler by dropping support for obsolete backwards compatibility.