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"Targeted killing"
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The eye of war : military perception from the telescope to the drone
\"This project explores how technologies of perception -- the ability to detect and to avoid detection -- have transformed modern warfare. The book spans from the Renaissance, where the rationalization of vision and space started to influence military strategy, to the present day, where combatants increasingly face off in the perceptual realm of drones and satellites as much as the physical battlefield. Each chapter explores a different perceptual theme: sensing, imaging, mapping and hiding\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Drones and targeted killing in the Middle East and Africa
The United States has repeatedly used drones to kill terrorists in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Pakistan, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen in an effort to decrease terrorism and the vitality of terrorist groups. Targeted killing through the use of drones has become a foreign policy weapon to keep the United States safe from further terrorist attacks. However, it is suspected that these killings has actually led to an increase in terrorist group recruitment, terrorist attacks, and empathy for the terrorist group from the local population in addition to several other unwanted repercussions. The two part research question this book attempts to answer is, \"What is the effect of drone targeted killing on Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Pakistan, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen? And is it a successful method in the War on Terror?\"
eBook
Preventive Force
p strongExamines the recent rise in the United States' use of preventive force/strong More so than in the past, the US is now embracing the logic of preventive force: using military force to counter potential threats around the globe before they have fully materialized. While popular with individuals who seek to avoid too many \"boots on the ground,\" preventive force is controversial because of its potential for unnecessary collateral damage. Who decides what threats are 'imminent'? Is there an international legal basis to kill or harm individuals who have a connection to that threat? Do the benefits of preventive force justify the costs? And, perhaps most importantly, is the US setting a dangerous international precedent? In emPreventive Force/em, editors Kerstin Fisk and Jennifer Ramos bring together legal scholars, political scientists, international relations scholars, and prominent defense specialists to examine these questions, whether in the context of full-scale preventive war or preventive drone strikes. In particular, the volume highlights preventive drones strikes, as they mark a complete transformation of how the US understands international norms regarding the use of force, and could potentially lead to a 'slippery slope' for the US and other nations in terms of engaging in preventive warfare as a matter of course. A comprehensive resource that speaks to the contours of preventive force as a security strategy as well as to the practical, legal, and ethical considerations of its implementation, emPreventive Force/em is a useful guide for political scientists, international relations scholars, and policymakers who seek a thorough and current overview of this essential topic./p
eBook
Act of betrayal
Former intelligence operative Will Cochrane comes out of hiding to expose a conspiracy involving a past assassination that reaches to the highest echelons of the United States government. With time running out, Cochrane will use all of his training and formidable skills to outmaneuver the FBI and uncover a shocking conspiracy that will rock the foundations of the nation.
Book
Killing Machine
With Obama's election to the presidency in 2008, many believed the United States had entered a new era: Obama came into office with high expectations that he would end the war in Iraq and initiate a new foreign policy that would reestablish American values and the United States' leadership role in the world.
In this shattering new assessment, historian Lloyd C. Gardner argues that, despite cosmetic changes, Obama has simply built on the expanding power base of presidential power that reaches back across decades and through multiple administrations.
The new president ended the \"enhanced interrogation\" policy of the Bush administration but did not abandon the concept of preemption. Obama withdrew from Iraq but has institutionalized drone warfare—including the White House's central role in selecting targets. What has come into view, Gardner argues, is the new face of American presidential power: high–tech, secretive, global, and lethal.
Killing Machine skillfully narrates the drawdown in Iraq, the counterinsurgency warfare in Afghanistan, the rise of the use of drones, and targeted assassinations from al-Awlaki to Bin Laden—drawing from the words of key players in these actions as well as their major public critics. With unparalleled historical perspective, Gardner's book is the new touchstone for understanding not only the Obama administration but the American presidency itself.
eBook
The morality of drone warfare and the politics of regulation
\"The book discusses the moral and legal issues relating to military drones, focusing on how these machines should be judged according to the principles of just war theory. It not only considers existing drones like the Predator and Reaper but also evaluates the many types of drones in development. It finds that drones are not only morally justifiable but that they have the potential to improve compliance with the principles of just war and international law. Realizing this potential depends on developing a sound regulatory framework, which the book helps to develop by considering what steps governments and military forces should take to promote ethical drone use. It also critically evaluates the arguments against drones to show which should be abandoned and which raise valid concerns that can inform regulations.\"--Back cover.
Book
Resiliency dynamics of norm clusters: Norm contestation and international cooperation
This study examines the effects of contestation on individual norms that are embedded in larger norm clusters. We define norm clusters as collections of aligned, but distinct norms or principles at the center of a regime. Norm clusters include multiple norms that can be insulated from contestatory challenges by degrees of cohesion, institutionalisation, and legalisation. While some constructivists argue that the most important dynamic to study is ‘robustness’ of individual norms, we contend that ‘resiliency’ of norm clusters offers a richer assessment of prospects for international cooperation and long-term impact on state behaviours. Thus, this study distinguishes conceptually between different structural layers that can generate various effects in conjunction with norm contestation. We add a third, or intervening layer of explanation with norm clusters, between the intersection of norms (lowest layer) and normative structures (broadest layer). To explore this argument, comparative case studies examine the resiliency of two prohibitionary norms – the nuclear disarmament norm within the non-proliferation regime and the norm banning assassination of foreign adversaries, which is not embedded in a regime structure. While the robustness of individual norms may be challenged, our results suggest a role for resilient structures in promoting overall longevity of norm clusters.
Journal Article
Beginning of International Armed Conflict in the Case of Targeted Killing of Military Personnel in a Third State
This paper argues that, while the famous “first shot formula” represents the dominant interpretation for the application of common Article 2(1) of the Geneva Conventions, its application in the case of unilateral use of lethal force for the targeted killing of military personnel in the territory of a third state is not compatible with the requirements of humanity and the object and purpose of these treaties. The paper contends such an operation will not ipso facto trigger an international armed conflict between targeting state and the state of the targeted person. By examining the elements that constitute an international armed conflict, the paper proposes a new criterion for determining the beginning of such a conflict in cases of targeted killing of military personnel in the territory of a third state.
Journal Article