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Developing digital marketing competencies and team spirit is essential in vocational education to cope with the digital economy's demands. Based on the needs assessment of vocational students and related literature research, this study discusses how to develop and implement the project-based Blended Learning (PjBBL) model and evaluates its effectiveness in enhancing digital marketing competencies and team spirit among vocational students. The research employs a quasi-experimental design with 90 students from Tongren Polytechnic College, Guizhou, China, divided equally into experimental and control groups. The experimental group followed the PjBBL model. The control group used blended learning (BL) methods. The learning activity lasted 8 weeks, pre-tests and post-tests were administered using a 5-point Likert scale for digital marketing competencies and team spirit. MANOVA analysis (level 0.05) showed a significant difference in digital marketing competencies and team spirit between PjBBL and BL. The results revealed that while both groups showed improvement, the experimental group achieved significantly higher scores in both areas, indicating the effectiveness of the PjBBL model. This study provides valuable insights into improving vocational education through innovative teaching approaches. In the rapidly growing digital economy, mastering digital marketing competencies and fostering team spirit are crucial for vocational students. This study explores how the Project-Based Blended Learning (PjBBL) model can enhance these competencies and qualities. The model was developed based on needs analysis and literature review, then implemented with 90 students from Tongren Polytechnic College in China. The study compared PjBBL with traditional blended learning (BL) methods in improving digital marketing competencies and team spirit. The results showed that while both groups improved, the experimental group showed significantly greater progress, highlighting the effectiveness of PjBBL in competencies and literacy development. This study provides valuable insights into improving vocational education through innovative teaching approaches.

PurposeThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of strategic orientations on firm performance moreover, to assess the role of environmental munificence as a moderator for the link between strategic orientations and firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study designed as quantitative research method. Data were collected by structured questionnaire and included 185 managers from various industries in Israel. The analysis of this study was done by Smart PLS-SEM 3 software. Based on the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm, the authors view departmental characteristics (conflicts and connectedness) as antecedents of strategic orientations (customer and competitor). These, in turn, affect firm performance, defined here with two facets: behavioral (team spirit and commitment) and bottom-line performance.FindingsThe analysis results show that customer and competitor orientations affect bottom-line performance. However, only customer orientation affected team spirit and employee commitment. Finally, environmental munificence had a limited moderation role, affecting the relationship between competitor orientation and between behavioral outcomes (team spirit and commitment).Originality/valueThis study defining the importance of firm's strategic orientations as key capabilities for achieving competitive advantage.

In order to turn our attention to the real progress of the education world, this paper makes a concrete study on the efficiency optimization of MySQL database under big data. On the basis of discussing the significance of cultivating students' team spirit, this paper analyzes and discusses the strategies of cultivating students' team spirit in extracurricular sports activities. MySQL database, as one of the widely used open source databases, naturally has relatively excellent running efficiency, but it also poses a strong challenge for further improving the running efficiency of MySQL database. In many external services, databases are needed, whether in websites or other large-scale software. All the mobile users who need to use the database to store a large amount of user data have caused many websites to collect users and user behavior analysis, which can make them better optimize the website and products, so the dependence and application of data are increasing, and the optimization of databases can greatly improve the ability of developers to retrieve and analyze data.

Despite interest in innovation teams, we have only limited insights into how team members make sense of innovation teams’ inherent ambiguity. By referring to the sensemaking literature and to the research on task discourse, our study introduces task discourse as a valuable sensemaking mechanism in innovation teams. We argue that team creativity and feasibility testing increases the need for task discourse, which in turn improves team performance. Beyond this, we consider ambivalent effects of team spirit. On the one hand, team spirit allows leveraging smoothly synergies to emerge but on the other hand, high team spirit can limit team member’s willingness to challenge each other’s different perspectives and opinions critically. Data on 250 innovation teams of German manufacturing teams support the assumed beneficial effects of task discourse and the ambivalent effect of team spirit. Teams need sensemaking through task discourse when they want to achieve benefits from team creativity. The total effect of creativity on team performance is insignificant, while the indirect effect of team creativity on team performance is significantly positive. Our study enriches current research on ambiguity and sensemaking in innovation teams, answers the call to elaborate benefits and drawbacks team spirit might bring to teams, and provides valuable managerial implications.

In this chapter, the use of a network as a tool for generating team spirit and creating confidence in the schedule is illustrated by an example of an actual site-preparation contract. An example of a network used to describe a method statement for an erection contract is also given. The important use of networks to justify claims for extension of time is explained by the inclusion of two real-life examples.

To get an impression of the result quality of the survey, a brief summary of the setup and general results is provided in this chapter. In addition, the findings from the survey are explained here.

In June 1994 the United States went to the brink of war with North Korea. With economic sanctions impending, President Bill Clinton approved the dispatch of substantial reinforcements to Korea, and plans were prepared for attacking the North's nuclear weapons complex. The turning point came in an extraordinary private diplomatic initiative by former President Jimmy Carter and others to reverse the dangerous American course and open the way to a diplomatic settlement of the nuclear crisis. Few Americans know the full details behind this story or perhaps realize the devastating impact it could have had on the nation's post-Cold War foreign policy. In this lively and authoritative book, Leon Sigal offers an inside look at how the Korean nuclear crisis originated, escalated, and was ultimately defused. He begins by exploring a web of intelligence failures by the United States and intransigence within South Korea and the International Atomic Energy Agency. Sigal pays particular attention to an American mindset that prefers coercion to cooperation in dealing with aggressive nations. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with policymakers from the countries involved, he discloses the details of the buildup to confrontation, American refusal to engage in diplomatic give-and-take, the Carter mission, and the diplomatic deal of October 1994. In the post-Cold War era, the United States is less willing and able than before to expend unlimited resources abroad; as a result it will need to act less unilaterally and more in concert with other nations. What will become of an American foreign policy that prefers coercion when conciliation is more likely to serve its national interests? Using the events that nearly led the United States into a second Korean War, Sigal explores the need for policy change when it comes to addressing the challenge of nuclear proliferation and avoiding conflict with nations like Russia, Iran, and Iraq. What the Cuban missile crisis was to fifty years of superpower conflict, the North Korean nuclear crisis is to the coming era.

In this chapter, the use of a network as a tool for generating team spirit and creating confidence in the schedule is illustrated by an example of an actual site preparation contract. An example of a network used to describe a method statement for an erection contract is given. The important use of networks to justify claims for extension of time is explained by the inclusion of two real-life examples.