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Nature Methods has crowned spatially resolved transcriptomics Method of the Year 2020.

Large language models can draft abstracts or suggest research directions, but these artificial-intelligence tools are a work in progress. Large language models can draft abstracts or suggest research directions, but these artificial-intelligence tools are a work in progress.

A popular artificial-intelligence method provides a powerful tool for surveying and classifying biological data. But for the uninitiated, the technology poses significant difficulties. A popular artificial-intelligence method provides a powerful tool for surveying and classifying biological data. But for the uninitiated, the technology poses significant difficulties.

As single-cell proteomics emerges, perhaps labs can avoid the need to infer protein levels from mRNA abundances.

Fully-finished genomes Roughly one-tenth of the human genome remained uncharted when genomics researchers Karen Miga at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and Adam Phillippy at the National Human Genome Research Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, launched the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium in 2019. In a preprint published in May last year, the consortium reported the first end-to-end sequence of the human genome, adding nearly 200 million new base pairs to the widely used human consensus genome sequence known as GRCh38, and writing the final chapter of the Human Genome Project1. First released in 2013, GRCh38 has been a valuable tool - a scaffold on which to map sequencing reads. \"For some of the structures, the predictions are almost eerily good,\" says Janet Thornton, senior scientist and former director of the European Bioinformatics Institute in Hinxton, UK. Since its public release lastJuly, AlphaFold2 has been applied to proteomes, to determine the structures of all the proteins expressed in humans6 and in 20 model organisms (see Nature 595, 635; 2021), as well as nearly 440,000 proteins in the Swiss-Prot database, greatly increasing the number of proteins for which high-confidence modelling data are available.

Circular RNAs are prevalent, mysterious and fascinating, but their study requires great care. Circular RNAs are prevalent, mysterious and fascinating, but their study requires great care.

Nature ’s pick of tools and techniques that are poised to have an outsized impact on science in the coming year. Nature’s pick of tools and techniques that are poised to have an outsized impact on science in the coming year. Credit: NASA/MSFC/David Higginbotham A NASA engineer examines JWST mirror segments at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center.

Methods for exploring the geography of molecular-scale processes within tissue samples are transforming cancer research, but the toolbox can be daunting. Methods for exploring the geography of molecular-scale processes within tissue samples are transforming cancer research, but the toolbox can be daunting.

Tools such as Rosetta and AlphaFold have redefined the protein-engineering landscape. But some problems remain out of reach — for now. Tools such as Rosetta and AlphaFold have redefined the protein-engineering landscape. But some problems remain out of reach — for now. Credit: Ian C Haydon / UW Medicine An AI designed protein structure

Deducing the full protein complement of individual cells has long played second fiddle to transcriptomics. That’s about to change. Deducing the full protein complement of individual cells has long played second fiddle to transcriptomics. That’s about to change.