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"Technology policy"
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Environmental reform in the information age : the contours of informational governance
The information society changes the conditions and resources which are involved in environmental governance - old modes and concepts are being replaced by new, informational ones. This book explores how the information revolution is changing the way we deal with environmental issues and what the consequences of this are for democracy.
Book
What semantic analysis can tell us about long term trends in the global STI policy agenda
The scope, complexity and the “volume” of knowledge accumulated render producing an overview of the core themes of science, technology and innovation policies difficult. Reviews of this policy domain mostly either refer to general issues without deep immersion into details or focus on specific narrower aspects. The paper uses semantic analysis to identify major themes of science, technology and innovation policies over the last three decades and to trace their evolution towards current policy setting. We use semantic tools for processing and analysing documents produced by one of the major and highly reputable international expert bodies, the OECD Working Party on Technology and Innovation Policy. We show that selected themes remain in the mainstream even though being affected by regular policy adjustments and refinements and which disappear or appear with new challenges and expected solutions. Other themes appear niche or exotic themes which are under discussion for some time only.
Journal Article
Who's driving innovation? : new technologies and the collaborative state
Too often, we understand the effects of technological change only in hindsight. When technologies are new, it is not clear where they are taking us or who's driving. Innovators tend to accentuate the benefits rather than risks or other injustices. Technologies like self-driving cars are not as inevitable as the hype would suggest. If we want to realise the opportunities, spread the benefits to people who normally lose out and manage the risks, Silicon Valley's disruptive innovation is a bad model. Steering innovation in the public interest means finding new ways for public and private sector organisations to collaborate.
Book
The impact of environmental regulation on innovation and international competitiveness
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of environmental regulation on innovation and international competitiveness. We test the weak, narrow, and strong versions of Porter's hypotheses by looking at the impact of environmental regulation on exports both directly and indirectly through innovation and by introducing the role of pollution intensity in moderating the impact of stringent regulation on innovation and international competitiveness. Green policies are measured with the OECD Environmental Stringency Policy Index, distinguishing between market, non-market instruments, and technology support policies. Differently from previous papers, we adopt the technology gap approach to trade, which is suitable for relating environmental regulation to trade competitiveness and we apply the simultaneous-equation system econometric model with a moderating factor represented by pollution intensity. The results support the weak and strong versions of Porter’s hypotheses and find that the positive impact of regulation on innovation and exports increases with a country’s pollution intensity, suggesting that green policies, if properly coordinated, can represent a win–win strategy, fostering, at the same time, sustainability and international competitiveness.
Journal Article
Transforming industrial policy for the digital age : production, territories and structural change
\"This book argues that digital globalization is inducing deep and productive transformations, making industrial policy necessary in order to reorientate development towards inclusive and more sustainable growth. The book also demonstrates that industrialization remains an important development process for emerging countries. Regarding the future of jobs, the authors show how the substitution of labour in automation is not inevitable since technology is also complementary to human capital. Policymakers should pay more attention to the new skills that will be required. A particular concern is the rapid change in technology and business compared to institutions which take time to adapt. Territories have an important role to play in order to speed-up institutional adaptation, providing they can act coherently with the other levels of government\"--Publisher description.
Book
Containing the Atom: Sociotechnical Imaginaries and Nuclear Power in the United States and South Korea
STS research has devoted relatively little attention to the promotion and reception of science and technology by non-scientific actors and institutions. One consequence is that the relationship of science and technology to political power has tended to remain undertheorized. This article aims to fill that gap by introducing the concept of \"sociotechnical imaginaries.\" Through a comparative examination of the development and regulation of nuclear power in the US and South Korea, the article demonstrates the analytic potential of the imaginaries concept. Although nuclear power and nationhood have long been imagined together in both countries, the nature of those imaginations has remained strikingly different. In the US, the state's central move was to present itself as a responsible regulator of a potentially runaway technology that demands effective \"containment.\" In South Korea, the dominant imaginary was of \"atoms for development\" which the state not only imported but incorporated into its scientific, technological and political practices. In turn, these disparate imaginaries have underwritten very different responses to a variety of nuclear shocks and challenges, such as Three Mile Island (TMI), Chernobyl, and the spread of the anti-nuclear movement.
Journal Article
Inequity in the Technopolis
A ten-year longitudinal study of the impact of national, state, and local programs that address issues of digital divide and digital inclusion in Austin, Texas.
eBook
Education technology policies in the Middle East : globalisation, neoliberalism and the knowledge economy
This book explores the potential educational technologies have for transforming education in the Middle East. Although technology has increasingly become a part of classrooms around the globe over recent decades, its application in classrooms in the MENA region remains underused and this book draws on a case study from the Arabian Gulf to examine the beneficial impact technologies have on teaching and learning. The book identifies the many social and cultural pressures that prevent government technology policies to be implemented in the way that the international community would find recognisable and acceptable and how education policy from the Global North is transplanted into a separate context without considering the different requirements. The study seeks to address the ways in which educational technology policy in government schools plays a part in the enactment of education reforms and how government policy aspirations are played out in practice.
Book
Future health technology trends, policy, and governance perspective: the Turkish case
Background
Advanced health technologies that emerge with the development of technology have an impact on health systems. This study aimed to determine the effects of these technologies on Türkiye’s health system and present policy recommendations to reshape Türkiye’s health system and policies accordingly.
Methods
Interviews were conducted with senior managers, bureaucrats, policy-makers and decision-makers from seven different institutions on the subject. Content analysis was performed on the data obtained and evaluative categories were established.
Results
It was concluded that these technologies would not have a positive impact on two identified themes, a negative impact on seven themes and a predominant impact on five themes in Türkiye.
Conclusions
To adapt to the new health ecosystem in Türkiye, it is recommended to increase digital literacy, conduct economic evaluations of technologies, promote domestic production, ensure up-to-date follow-up, collaborate with the engineering field, enhance health technology evaluation practices, improve access to technologies and ensure that the infrastructures of health institutions are compatible with technologies. Various policy suggestions have been presented for the development of Türkiye’s health system.
Highlights
We believe that the healthcare ecosystem of the future will revolve around three main elements.
Challenges in health, health technologies and health policies.
Our focus is on understanding how future health technologies will impact health systems.
We provide policy recommendations to address these impacts.
Journal Article