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"Temperance."
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Colonial Virtue
Colonial Virtue is the first study to focus on the role played by the virtue of temperance in shaping ethical debates about early English colonialism. Kasey Evans tracks the migration of ideas surrounding temperance from classical and humanist writings through to sixteenth- and seventeenth-century applications, emphasizing the ways in which they have transcended the vocabularies of geography and time.
Colonial Virtue offers fresh insights into how English Renaissance writers used temperance as a privileged lens through which to view New World morality and politically to justify colonial practices in Virginia and the West Indies. Evans uses
literary texts, including The Fairie Queene and The Tempest , and sources such as sermons, dictionaries, and visual artifacts, to navigate alliances between traditional semantics and post-colonial political criticism. Beautifully written and deeply engaging, Colonial Virtue also models an expansive methodology for literary studies through its close readings and rhetorical
analyses.
eBook
Delay discounting of money and alcohol in actively using alcoholics, currently abstinent alcoholics, and controls
Impulsivity is implicated in alcohol dependence, and discounting of delayed rewards may be an objective indicator of impulsiveness.
This study evaluated delay discounting functions in alcoholics and controls. It compared discounting rates between different magnitudes ($1000 and $100) and different types (money and alcohol) of rewards.
Active alcoholics (n = 19), currently abstinent alcoholics (n = 12) and controls (n = 15) indicated preferences for immediate versus delayed rewards using a titration procedure that determined indifference points at various delays. Four conditions were presented, and the delayed rewards in the four conditions were $1000, $100, 150 bottles of an alcoholic beverage, and 15 bottles of an alcoholic beverage.
In all three groups across all four conditions, hyperbolic discounting functions provided a good fit of the data. Linear contrasts, predicting the most rapid discounting rates in active alcoholics, intermediary rates in currently abstinent alcoholics, and the least rapid rates in controls, were significant for three of the four conditions. Alcohol was discounted more rapidly than money.
These data provide further evidence of more rapid discounting of delayed rewards in alcohol abusers compared to controls, and especially steep discounting among current users. Rapid discounting of delayed rewards may be a feature related to addictive disorders. A better understanding of how delaying rewards in time impacts their value may have implications for treatment.
Journal Article
The political power of bad ideas : networks, institutions, and the global prohibition wave
In The Political Power of Bad Ideas, Mark Schrad looks on an oddity of modern history-the broad diffusion of temperance legislation in the early twentieth century-to make a broad argument about how bad policy ideas achieve international success. His root question is this: how could a bad policy idea-one that was widely recognized by experts as bad before adoption, and which ultimately failed everywhere-come to be adopted throughout the world? To answer it, Schrad uses an institutionalist approach, and focuses in particular on the US, Russia/USSR (ironically, one of the only laws the Soviets kept on the books was the Tsarist temperance law), and Sweden. Conventional wisdom, based largely on the U.S. experience, blames evangelical zealots for the success of the temperance movement. Yet as Schrad shows, \"prohibition was adopted in ten countries other than the United States, as well as countless colonial possessions-all with similar disastrous consequences, and in every case followed by repeal.\" Schrad focuses on the dynamic interaction of ideas and political institutions, tracing the process through which concepts of dubious merit gain momentum and achieve credibility as they wend their way through institutional structures. And while he focuses on one episode, his historical argument applies far more broadly, and even can tell us a great deal about how today's policy failures, such as reasons proffered for invading Iraq, became acceptable.
Book
Liquor in the Land of the Lost Cause
In the late 1800s, Southern evangelicals believed contemporary troubles -- everything from poverty to political corruption to violence between African Americans and whites -- sprang from the bottles of \"demon rum\" regularly consumed in the South. Though temperance quickly gained support in the antebellum North, Southerners cast a skeptical eye on the movement, because of its ties with antislavery efforts. Postwar evangelicals quickly realized they had to make temperance appealing to the South by transforming the Yankee moral reform movement into something compatible with southern values and culture. In Liquor in the Land of the Lost Cause: Southern White Evangelicals and the Prohibition Movement, Joe L. Coker examines the tactics and results of temperance reformers between 1880 and 1915. Though their denominations traditionally forbade the preaching of politics from the pulpit, an outgrowth of evangelical fervor led ministers and their congregations to sound the call for prohibition. Determined to save the South from the evils of alcohol, they played on southern cultural attitudes about politics, race, women, and honor to communicate their message. The evangelicals were successful in their approach, negotiating such political obstacles as public disapproval the church's role in politics and vehement opposition to prohibition voiced by Jefferson Davis. The evangelical community successfully convinced the public that cheap liquor in the hands of African American \"beasts\" and drunkard husbands posed a serious threat to white women. Eventually, the code of honor that depended upon alcohol-centered hospitality and camaraderie was redefined to favor those who lived as Christians and supported the prohibition movement. Liquor in the Land of the Lost Cause is the first comprehensive survey of temperance in the South. By tailoring the prohibition message to the unique context of the American South, southern evangelicals transformed the region into a hotbed of temperance activity, leading the national prohibition movement.
eBook
A Conspiracy of Bones
What is real and what isn't? It's sweltering in Charlotte, North Carolina and Temperance Brennan, still recovering from neurosurgery following an aneurysm, is battling nightmares, migraines, and what she thinks might be hallucinations when she receives four mysterious text messages: each containing a new picture of a corpse that is missing its face and hands. Immediately, she's anxious to know who the dead man was, what his connection was to a decade-old missing child case, and perhaps most of all, how he came to have her cellphone number. But to get the answers, she must go rogue, working mostly outside the system. That's because her new boss, Dr. Margot Heavner, holds a fierce grudge against her and is determined to keep her out of the case. With help from veteran death investigator Joe Hawkins and the always-ready-with-a-smart-quip ex-homicide investigator Skinny Slidell, and utilizing new cutting-edge forensic methods, Tempe steadily unearths ever-more-bizarre and darkly significant clues. And then the unthinkable happens. Another child goes missing. And, suddenly, Tempe must race against the clock-and her own head-to uncover the truth. Praise for Kathy Reichs: 'Kathy Reichs writes smart-no, make that brilliant-mysteries that are as realistic as non-fiction and as fast-paced as the best thrillers about Jack Reacher or Alex Cross' James Patterson 'Nobody does forensics thrillers like Kathy Reichs. She's the real deal' David Baldacci 'Kathy Reichs continues to be one of the most distinctive and talented writers in the genre. Her legions of readers worldwide will agree with me when I declare that the more books she writes, the more enthusiastic fans she'll garner' Sandra Brown 'Each book in Kathy Reichs's fantastic Temperance Brennan series is better than the last. They're filled with riveting twists andturns. No matter how many novels she writes, I just can't get enough!' Lisa Scottoline 'Reichs always delivers a pulse-pounding story' Publisher's Weekly 'Every minute in the morgue with Tempe is golden' The New York Times Book Review 'Bloody good beach reading!' USA Today 'Brennan is a winner, and so is Reichs' Daily News.
From Pabst to Pepsi: The Deinstitutionalization of Social Practices and the Creation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities
In this paper, we examine the dual role that social movement organizations can play in altering organizational landscapes by undermining existing organizations and creating opportunities for the growth of new types of organizations. Empirically, we investigate the impact of a variety of tactics employed by the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), the leading organizational representative of the American temperance movement, on two sets of organizations: breweries and soft drink producers. By delegitimating alcohol consumption, altering attitudes and beliefs about drinking, and promoting temperance legislation, the WCTU contributed to brewery failures. These social changes, in turn, created opportunities for entrepreneurs to found organizations producing new kinds of beverages by creating demand for alternative beverages, providing rationales for entrepreneurial action, and increasing the availability of necessary resources.
Journal Article
Prohibition : a concise history
\"From 1920 to 1933 Americans were generally barred from making, transporting, or selling alcoholic beverages. While this attempt to impose prohibition did not last long, drinking habits did change dramatically. In this elegant and accessible introduction, W. J. Rorabaugh, the leading historian of American drinking patterns, explains how and why Prohibition came about, how it worked (and failed to work), and how it gave way to strict governmental regulation of alcohol\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Mindful consumption: Its conception, measurement, and implications
Most traditional marketers avoid using mindful consumption (MC) despite fast-rising consumer mindfulness, MC-advocation by trade magazines, and the success of tech-savvy, MC-oriented start-ups. We identify two gaps for this divergence—varying conceptions of MC and lack of a valid MC scale. Conception clarity and a valid MC scale are important for advancing managerial practice. We first integrate current, varying conceptions to identify three MC dimensions: Awareness, Caring, and Temperance. These signify awareness of self, society, and the environment (SSE), caring for the effects of consumption on SSE, and temperance in consumption. We then develop, refine, and validate the MC scale using 10 studies. We also assess the MC nomological network and scale robustness across genders, ages, occupations, and incomes. Marketers can use MC scale for product innovation, differentiation, and diversification. Policymakers can use this to nudge people towards MC-oriented sustainable behavior. This research opens multiple avenues for future research.
Journal Article