Explore the vast range of titles available.

Distribution, abundance and life history traits of marine fish and invertebrates are increasingly affected by ocean warming. Consequently, landings of traditional fisheries and their relative species composition could potentially be modified. The mean temperature of the catch (MTC) concept, which refers to the average inferred temperature preference of exploited species weighted by their annual catch for a given area, was applied to Uruguay’s industrial fisheries. This approach allowed us to assess the evidence of ocean warming in long-term Uruguayan landings (1973−2017), which were mostly obtained from a major marine warming hotspot. Results showed a marked shift in MTC through time, with the first 10−15 yr characterized by a decreasing trend, but subsequently increasing steadily over time. Long-term effects of ocean warming have led to a shift from cool-water to warm-water species in the relative representation of local landings. A significant and consistent association between sea surface temperature and MTC increase was observed, even when accounting for other drivers. This study provides the first quantitative evidence that ocean warming has been increasingly affecting Uruguayan industrial fisheries during the past decades, and calls for an urgent need to consider environmental changes to properly manage fish stocks, particularly those shared with neighboring countries.

Ocean warming is leading to a tropicalization of fisheries in subtropical regions around the world. Here, we scrutinize pelagic fisheries catch data from 1978 to 2018 in the South Atlantic Ocean in search of signs of tropicalization in these highly migratory and top-of-the-food-chain fish. Through the analysis of catch composition data, thermal preferences, and climatic data, we described the temporal variability in the mean temperature of the catch and assessed the role of sea surface temperature and the Brazil Current’s transport volumes as drivers of such variability. We observed a significant increase in the mean temperature of the catches, indicating a transition towards a predominance of warm-water species, especially pronounced on the western side of the South Atlantic Ocean. This shift was further corroborated by a significant rise in the proportion of warm-water species over time. Additionally, this study observes a continuous increase in SST during the entire time series on both sides of the South Atlantic Ocean, with significant positive trends. The analysis of catch composition through ordination methods and estimates of beta diversity reveals a transition from an early scenario characterized by mostly cold-water species to a late scenario, dominated by a greater diversity of species with a prevalence of warm-water affinities. These findings underscore the profound impact of ocean warming on marine biodiversity, with significant implications for fisheries management and ecosystem services.

Ocean warming can strongly impact marine fisheries; notably, it can cause the “mean temperature of the catch” (MTC) to increase, an indicator of the tropicalization of fisheries catches. In this contribution, we explore MTC changes in three large marine ecosystems (LMEs) along China’s coasts, i.e., the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea LMEs, and their relationships to shifts of the sea surface temperature (SST). The results show that, while the MTCs began to increase in 1962 in the East China Sea and in 1968 in the Yellow Sea, there was no detectable increase in the South China Sea. There also was a strong relationship between MTC and SST in the Yellow and East China Seas from 1950 to 2010, especially when taking a 3-year time-lag into account. The lack of change of the MTC in the South China Sea is attributed to the relatively small increase in SST over the time period considered, and the fact that the MTC of tropical ecosystems such as the South China Sea is not predicted to increase in the first place, given that their fauna cannot be replaced by another, adapted to higher temperature. Overall, these results suggest that ocean warming is already having an impact on China’s marine fisheries, and that policies to curtail greenhouse gas emissions are urgently needed to minimize the increase of these impacts on fisheries.

Abstract Evaluation of the impact of climatic changes on the composition of fish assemblages requires quantitative measures that can be compared across space and time. In this respect, the mean temperature of the catch (MTC) approach has been proven to be a very useful tool for monitoring the effect of climate change on fisheries catch. Lack of baseline data and deep-time analogues, however, prevent a more comprehensive evaluation. In this study, we explore the applicability of the mean temperature approach to fossil fish faunas by using otolith assemblage data from the eastern Mediterranean and the northern Adriatic coastal environments corresponding to the last 8000 years (Holocene) and the interval 2.58–1.80 Ma B. P. (Early Pleistocene). The calculated mean temperatures of the otolith assemblage (MTO) range from 13.5 to 17.3 °C. This case study shows that the MTO can successfully capture compositional shifts in marine fish faunas based on variations in their climatic affinity driven by regional climate differences. However, the index is sensitive to methodological choices and thus requires standardized sampling. Even though theoretical and methodological issues prevent direct comparisons between MTO and MTC values, the MTO offers a useful quantitative proxy for reconstructing spatial and temporal trends in the biogeographic affinity of fossil otolith assemblages.

Historical fishing effort has resulted, in many parts of the ocean, in increasing catches of smaller, lower trophic level species once larger higher trophic level species have been depleted. Concurrently, changes in the geographic distribution of marine species have been observed as species track their thermal affinity in line with ocean warming. However, geographic shifts in fisheries, including to deeper waters, may conceal the phenomenon of fishing down the food web and effects of climate warming on fish stocks. Fisheries-catch weighted metrics such as the Mean Trophic Level (MTL) and Mean Temperature of the Catch (MTC) are used to investigate these phenomena, although apparent trends of these metrics can be masked by the aforementioned geographic expansion and deepening of fisheries catch across large areas and time periods. We investigated instances of both fishing down trophic levels and climate-driven changes in the geographic distribution of fished species in New Zealand waters from 1950–2019, using the MTL and MTC. Thereafter, we corrected for the masking effect of the geographic expansion of fisheries within these indices by using the Fishing-in-Balance (FiB) index and the adapted Mean Trophic Level (aMTL) index. Our results document the offshore expansion of fisheries across the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) from 1950–2019, as well as the pervasiveness of fishing down within nearshore fishing stock assemblages. We also revealed the warming of the MTC for pelagic-associated fisheries, trends that were otherwise masked by the depth- and geographic expansion of New Zealand fisheries across the study period.

Mean temperature (MTC) and mean trophic level (MTL) spatiotemporal patterns of MEDITS survey catches were examined in 13 geographic statistical areas (GSAs) of the Mediterranean between 1994 and 2016. The study aimed to detect changes in the demersal community structure related to anthropogenic impacts. A generalized additive modelling approach was used to examine the effects of year and GSA on the MTC and MTL indexes and on bottom temperature by haul. For the MTC index, the year was significant only in 4 GSAs, while for MTL it was significant in 5. Higher MTC values were observed in central and eastern areas. Bottom temperature increased after 2010, and also from west to east and from north to south. Our results indicate that the recently observed increase in bottom sea temperature has not resulted in an immediate response by demersal marine communities, but areas with higher warming rates or shallow depths were found to be more susceptible to sea warming. For MTL, decreasing trends were observed in only 2 GSAs, while the temporal trends observed in 5 GSAs may have reflected changes in fishing activity patterns. However, higher MTL values were observed in GSAs with generally higher exploitation rates, indicating that factors other than fishing play an important structuring role in marine communities. The present results indicate differences among Mediterranean subareas in regard to changes in the community structure attributed to environmental conditions and exploitation patterns and have implications for the ecology and dynamics of the stocks.

Innovator Award for Edited Collection from the Central States Communication Association (CSCA)Shonda Rhimes is one of the most powerful players in contemporary American network television. Beginning with her break-out hit series Grey's Anatomy, she has successfully debuted Private Practice, Scandal, How to Get Away with Murder, The Catch, For The People, and Station 19. Rhimes's work is attentive to identity politics, \"post-\" identity politics, power, and representation, addressing innumerable societal issues. Rhimes intentionally addresses these issues with diverse characters and story lines that center, for example, on interracial friendships and relationships, LGBTIQ relationships and parenting, the impact of disability on familial and work dynamics, and complex representations of womanhood. This volume serves as a means to theorize Rhimes's contributions and influence by inspiring provocative conversations about television as a deeply politicized institution and exploring how Rhimes fits into the implications of twenty-first century television.  

Amidst overexploited fisheries and further climate related declines projected in tropical fisheries, marine dependent small-scale fishers in Southeast Asia face an uncertain future. Yet, small-scale fishers are seldom explicitly considered in regional fisheries management and their contribution to national fish supply tends to be greatly under-estimated compared to industrial fisheries. Lack of knowledge about the small-scale sector jeopardises informed decision-making for sustainable ecosystem based fisheries planning and social development. We fill this knowledge gap by applying reconstructed marine fish catch statistics from Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam – countries of the Gulf of Thailand - from 1950 to 2013 to assess the relative contribution of small-scale and industrial fisheries to national food security. Reconstructed catches quantify reported and unreported fish catch from industrial, small-scale, and recreational fishing. We then conduct a comparative analysis of the degree to which the industrial and small-scale sectors support food security, by converting total catch to the portion that is kept for human consumption and that which is diverted to fishmeal for animal feed or other purposes. Total reconstructed marine fish catch from the four Southeast Asian countries totalled 282 million t from 1950 to 2013, with small-scale sector catches being underestimated by an average of around 2 times. When the amount of fish that is diverted to fishmeal is omitted, small-scale fishers contribute more food fish for humans than do industrial fisheries for much of the period until 2000. These results encourage regional fisheries management to be cognisant of small-scale fisheries as a pillar of socio-economic well-being for coastal communities.

This study analysed long-term trawl survey data to investigate changes in the spatial distribution, range boundaries, and catch rates of the five most common shark species in the Russian waters of the northwestern Pacific. Significant alterations in the spatial distributions of these shark species were observed during the study period. The 1980s witnessed the most widespread distribution and maximum catches of salmon and blue sharks. In the 2000s, the North Pacific spiny dogfish exhibited its broadest distribution, with maximum catches recorded in the 1980s and 2010s. The Pacific sleeper shark exhibited its widest distribution in the 1980s, with maximum catches occurring in the 2000s. Shortfin mako were recorded within the study area only in the 1980s and 2010s, with maximum catches occurring in the latter period. Shifts in the range of boundaries during the study period exhibited different patterns among the species. Statistically significant shifts in boundaries were found for Pacific spiny dogfish, salmon sharks, and Pacific sleeper sharks. During the review period, salmon shark catches significantly decreased in Pacific waters and in the study area as a whole, but the reasons for this difference have not yet been determined. For the other shark species, statistically significant changes in catch size were not revealed. The observed significant changes in the spatial distribution and position of the boundaries of the ranges are likely due to both subjective reasons and climatic changes.