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The main stages in choosing the optimal technology for thermal treatment of MSW (municipal solid wastes) at the stage of feasibility study are discussed. The analysis of the influence of the fuel component on the structure of the WTE plant is carried out. Recommendations have been developed for choosing the optimal energy structure of a WTE plant, ash and slag management schemes, and thermal utilization technologies that are most suitable for the location of the facility. A study was conducted on the influence of the selected structure of the energy complex on the decision to choose a gas treatment system. A comparison of criteria for choosing the structure of the energy complex at the MSW in comparison with the energy thermal power plant (TPP) is made. Due to the economic and environmental problems that appear during the construction of WTE plants, when it comes to waste scheme for cities and regions, it is recommended to use a scheme with the maximum use of secondary raw materials from waste and thermal treatment only of residues that are not subject to recycling, from which the fractions containing the largest amount of pollutants (RDF fuel) are extracted. The technology using deep recovery of secondary raw materials will simplify the structure of WTE plant, reduce capital and operating costs, and most importantly reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere with flue gases, ash and slag.

The existing method of selecting the structure of a Waste to energy plant (WTE plant) for thermal utilization of MSW in the Russian Federation is often not applicable to real objects, which leads to the need for each project to search for new methods, select the criteria for choosing the best technology. Conducting a comparative analysis of various structural schemes WTE plant, common in the EU and Japan, will help to identify their main advantages and disadvantages, determine the scope of application. This article describes the statistical indicators of the flue gas treatment system (FGT) from acid gases, which can be applied at the stage of feasibility study, development of basic engineering. When building a WTE plant in urban conditions and striving to minimize the gross emissions of acid gases into the atmosphere, a wet FGT cleaning system can be recommended, which will provide low emissions of HF, HCl, and SOx. The system with a wet reactor will reduce the gross emissions of harmful substances during the construction of WTE plant with high-capacity, and in this case it is justified. When building WTE plant with medium-capacity (up to 350 thousand tons of MSW per year), it may be recommended to use a semi-dry and dry FGT, while the highest preference should be given to the technology with a semi-dry reactor as the most promising.