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Thucydides and the Pursuit of Freedom
InThucydides and the Pursuit of Freedom, Mary P. Nichols argues for the centrality of the idea of freedom in Thucydides' thought. Through her close reading of hisHistory of the Peloponnesian War, she explores the manifestations of this theme. Cities and individuals in Thucydides' history take freedom as their goal, whether they claim to possess it and want to maintain it or whether they desire to attain it for themselves or others. Freedom is the goal of both antagonists in the Peloponnesian War, Sparta and Athens, although in different ways. One of the fullest expressions of freedom can be seen in the rhetoric of Thucydides' Pericles, especially in his famous funeral oration.
More than simply documenting the struggle for freedom, however, Thucydides himself is taking freedom as his cause. On the one hand, he demonstrates that freedom makes possible human excellence, including courage, self-restraint, deliberation, and judgment, which support freedom in turn. On the other hand, the pursuit of freedom, in one's own regime and in the world at large, clashes with interests and material necessity, and indeed the very passions required for its support. Thucydides' work, which he himself considered a possession for all time, therefore speaks very much to our time, encouraging the defense of freedom while warning of the limits and dangers in doing so. The powerful must defend freedom, Thucydides teaches, but beware that the cost not become freedom itself.
eBook
LOS INDIVIDUOS EN LA INTERPRETACIÓN DE LEO STRAUSS DE LA HISTORIA DE LA GUERRA DEL PELOPONESO
Abstract Thucydides in his narration of the Peloponnesian War gives a fundamental role to the action of individuals. In this way, the characters are also archetypes and it is through the study of these that the aspiring politician can learn how to achieve better action, in addition to showing how to balance issues such as religion and politics. La primera era evitar la persecución por ir en contra de las opiniones de su ciudad (Mansuy, 2015, p. 328). EL ROL DE LOS INDIVIDUOS Según Strauss una de las diferencias fundamentales entre Atenas y Esparta, es la posibilidad de emancipación individual que existe en la primera, con los beneficios y peligros que esta conlleva.
Journal Article
The Cambridge companion to Thucydides
\"Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War is one of the earliest and most influential works in the western historiographical tradition. It provides an unfinished account of the war between Athens and her allies and Sparta and her allies which lasted from 431 to 404 BC, and is a masterpiece of narrative art and of political analysis. The twenty chapters in this Companion offer a wide range of perspectives on different aspects of the text, its interpretation and its significance. The nature of the text is explored in detail, and problems of Thucydides' historical and literary methodology are examined. Other chapters analyse the ways in which Thucydides' work illuminates, or complicates, our understanding of key historical questions for this period, above all those relating to the nature and conduct of war, politics, and empire. Finally, the book also explores the continuing legacy of Thucydides, from antiquity to the present day\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Hobbes, the State of Nature and the Human Predicament
The triadic conception of the history of political thought, presented by Michael Oakeshott in his edition of Leviathan, is a useful heuristic framework through which to explore the idea of Hobbes’s state of nature. Hobbes’s position comes into sharp relief when examined through the criticisms of representatives from two traditions opposed to that to which Hobbes belongs. By examining the critiques by Pufendorf and Rousseau, representatives of the two alternative traditions, we are better able to appreciate the character of Hobbes’s portrayal of the human predicament. Hobbes, as an exemplar of the tradition of ‘Will and Artifice’ draws heavily upon his first publication, the translation of Thucydides’ The History of the Grecian War, which had a strong bearing on how Hobbes perceived the natural condition of humankind, and is indicative of the representation of human nature projected by the tradition of ‘Will and Artifice’.
Journal Article
WHAT DID THUCYDIDES, SUN-TZU AND CLAUSEWITZ REALLY SAY?
Classical strategic theorists constitute an important pillar of military strategy education, but their texts are often interpreted in contradictory ways. This article aims to draw attention to the problem of contrasting interpretations, focusing on the interpretations of Thucydides, Sun-Tzu and Clausewitz. The article surveys popular interpretations of these classics, identifies the main differences between them, and uses deductive logic to draw out the implications of this state of affairs for the study of military strategy.
Journal Article
THUCYDIDES, SEGESTA AND LEONTINI: RETHINKING THE SICILIAN EXPEDITION
Modern accounts of Sicilian history in the late fifth century b.c.e. and its relations with Athens often follow Thucydides’ Athenocentric narrative closely, largely ignoring the Sicilian background. This article instead foregrounds the actions and concerns of two important Sicilian cities, Segesta and Leontini, whose perspectives Thucydides chose to leave out or downplay. In particular, Segesta was involved in the complex cross-cultural dynamics of western Sicily, while Leontini demonstrated resilience in its resistance to Syracusan imperialism. Both cities’ relations with Athens emerged from their pre-existing policies and strategies. This article thus develops an alternate narrative of these events that complements Thucydides’ Athenocentric one. To accomplish this, it argues for a more nuanced approach to Thucydides’ narrative: reading it against the grain, supplementing it with data from Diodorus and epigraphy, and placing it in its Sicilian historical and cultural context. In this way, the article develops a new approach to the methodological issues involved in writing the history of poleis that are not emphasized in major extant narrative sources. Recognizing Segesta and Leontini as political actors with their own goals and agendas enables both a new reading of Thucydides and a less Athenocentric account of late fifth-century Sicilian history.
Journal Article