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5 result(s) for "Ticul"
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Maya potters' indigenous knowledge : cognition, engagement, and practice
\"Based on fieldwork and reflection over a period of fifty years, Arnold utilizes engagement theory to describe the indigenous knowledge of traditional Maya potters in Ticul, Yucatán, Mexico. Arnold examines craftspeople's knowledge and skills, their engagement with natural and social environments, the raw materials, and their process\"--Provided by publisher.
Social Change and the Evolution of Ceramic Production and Distribution in a Maya Community
How and why do ceramics and their production change through time? Social Change and the Evolution of Ceramic Production and Distribution in a Maya Community is a unique ethno-archaeological study that attempts to answer these questions by tracing social change among potters and changes in the production and distribution of their pottery in a single Mexican community between 1965 and 1997. Dean E. Arnold made ten visits to Ticul, Yucatan, Mexico, witnessing the changes in transportation infrastructure, the use of piped water, and the development of tourist resorts. Even in this context of social change and changes in the demand for pottery, most of the potters in 1997 came from the families that had made pottery in 1965. This book traces changes and continuities in that population of potters, in the demand and distribution of pottery, and in the procurement of clay and temper, paste composition, forming, and firing. In this volume, Arnold bridges the gap between archaeology and ethnography, using his analysis of contemporary ceramic production and distribution to generate new theoretical explanations for archaeologists working with pottery from antiquity. When the descriptions and explanations of Arnold's findings in Ticul are placed in the context of the literature on craft specialization, a number of insights can be applied to the archaeological record that confirm, contradict, and nuance generalizations concerning the evolution of ceramic specialization. This book will be of special interest to anthropologists, archaeologists, and ethnographers.
Aspects of the Hydrogeology of southern Campeche and Quintana Roo, Mexico
This paper explores strong indirect evidence for existence of a previously unrecognized deep groundwater aquifer in southern Quintana Roo, adjacent parts of Campeche, and (probably) northern Belize. The region contains rocks of Cretaceous-to-Holocene age, including: 1) an up-thrust block of the late Cretaceous carbonate known in Belize as the Barton Creek Formation, which is the oldest formation exposed in the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula, 2) the Cretaceous/Paleogene Albion Formation consisting of weakly consolidated Chicxulub impact air-fall deposits, 3) the Paleocene-Eocene Icaiche Formation, containing a massive 25-35 m thick gypsum member that crops out over an estimated area of more than 10,000 km² in the elevated interior region of the northern lowlands, and 4) younger rocks of relatively low permeability that flank the region on the east. Hydrogeology is dominated by groundwater and surface flow in and adjacent to the Rio Hondo Fault Zone (RHFZ) and by recharge in the elevated interior region. Groundwater in the elevated region has a high sulfate concentration and is approximately saturated with gypsum dissolved from the Icaiche Formation. High-sulfate groundwater and river water with a slightly lower gypsum saturation index than in the elevated region also occurs in the RHFZ, but no water of comparably high sulfate content is present elsewhere in the study area. This suggests that the elevated region is a recharge zone for high-sulfate groundwater carried eastward beneath a 50 km gap by a deep, previously unrecognized aquifer and then discharged into the RHFZ. Based on chemistry of chloride, sulfate and other ions it is proposed here that a deep aquifer comprising the strongly weathered upper surface of the Barton Creek Formation plus the overlying weakly consolidated Albion Formation connects the elevated recharge area with the RHFZ discharge area. If this composite permeable zone does extend westward beneath the elevated recharge zone, it is probably an excellent aquifer. Este documento, explora la existencia indirecta de un acuífero profundo no reconocido previamente en el sur de Quintana Roo, partes adyacentes de Campeche, y probablemente norte de Belice. La región contiene rocas del Cretáceo al Holoceno, incluyendo: 1) un bloque elevado carbonatado del Cretácico conocido en Belice como la Formación Barton Creek, la cual es la Formación más antigua expuesta en la parte mexicana de la Península de Yucatán, 2) la Formación Albión Cretácico/Paleógeno consiste en depósitos pobremente cementados de residuos aéreos del Impacto del Chicxulub, 3) Formación Icaiche Paleoceno-Eoceno, notable por su componente masivo de yeso (25-35 m de espesor) un afloramiento aproximado de 10,000 km² en la Región Interior Elevada (RIE) de las tierras bajas del norte, y 4) rocas más jóvenes de permeabilidad relativamente baja, en el flanco este de dicha región. Hidrogeológicamente dominan flujos superficiales y de agua subterránea adyacentes a la Zona de Falla del Rio Hondo (ZFRH) y la recarga en la RIE. Debido al yeso disuelto de la Formación Icaiche el agua subterránea está casi saturada en sulfato. A su vez esta concentración de sulfato en agua subterránea de ZFRH, es menor comparada con el agua de rio; ambas indican un índice de saturación de yeso menor y diferente al de la RIE. Sin embargo, no se detectan contenidos tan altos de sulfato en otras partes de la zona de estudio. Basados en la geoquímica de los iones cloruro y sulfato se propone la existencia de un acuífero profundo que comprende la superficie superior fuertemente erosionada de la Formación Barton Creek, sobrecubierta por la consolidación débil de la Formación Albion conectando la región elevada con la descarga en ZFRH. Si esta zona permeable compuesta estará representando un excelente acuífero extendiendose hacia el oeste debajo de la zona de recarga de la región elevada.
The Icaiche Formation
The Paleogene-Eocene Icaiche Formation, which contains bedded gypsum deposits that cover an estimated minimum area of 10000 km², is located in the southern parts of the Mexican states Yucatan, Campeche and Quintana Roo. The formation has been little studied because it crops out in an area with limited access, few people, and little economic activity. Low population density is a consequence of the sulfate-contaminated water that is produced during weathering and dissolution of the gypsum deposits in the formation. The Icaiche Formation occupies a considerable part of the physiographic area known as the Elevated Interior Region (EIR) of the Yucatán Peninsula, which encompasses a terrain that the Maya occupied with varying success for almost two millennia and finally almost completely abandoned by about 950 CE. During their tenure, the Maya survived and at times prospered in this region of unpalatable groundwater by using and adapting natural depressions (called bajos) for water supply and, somewhat later, by using abundant impermeable local clays in construction of dams and ingenious systems for water storage and transport. Because of the relatively high solubility of gypsum, the Icaiche Formation has had an outsize influence on hydrologic and geomorphic features and groundwater geochemistry beyond where it crops out and into parts of the Yucatán Peninsula where it is present in the subsurface, particularly those places where it encounters flowing groundwater. In this study, we propose that gypsum dissolution, followed by collapse of overlying rock, was important in: 1) the formation of poljes (large, partly or completely enclosed karst basins with flat floors and interior drainage) along the east and west margins of the EIR; 2) the development of deep karst in north central Yucatán state; and 3) the formation of irregular terrains, extensive brecciation of rock, and highly varying water quality in the area at the eastern margin of the EIR (between Lake Chichancanab and Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo). Argillaceous sediment released during weathering of the Icaiche Formation, perhaps mixed with siliceous components of impact deposits from the Chicxulub Impact may have affected the permeability of post-Eocene marine sedimentary rocks, perhaps including local facies of the Carrillo Puerto Formation, formed on the southeast margin of the Peninsula. The resulting rocks have markedly lower permeability than rocks of the more northerly lowlands of the Mexican portion of the Yucatán Peninsula that host a pervasive fresh water lens overlying a saline intrusion. La Formación Icaiche Paleoceno-Eoceno aflora en la zona sur de los estados mexicanos de Yucatán, Campeche y Quintana Roo. Abarca más de 10000 km² y se caracteriza por capas de depósitos de yeso. Esta formación ha sido poco estudiada ya que el afloramiento se presenta en un área con limitado acceso, limitada población y reducida actividad económica. Estas circunstancias están directamente relacionadas con la presencia de sulfato disuelto en el agua subterránea, consecuencia de la erosión y disolución de los depósitos de yeso de la Formación que afectan las condiciones químicas del agua útil, generando poco interés de la población por establecerse en esta zona. La Formación Icaiche ocupa una zona considerable del área fisiográfica conocida como Región Interior Elevada (Elevated Interior Region [EIR]) de la Península de Yucatán, la cual incluye terrenos ocupados por los Mayas, con cierto éxito por casi dos mil años y que fueron finalmente abandonados para el 950 CE. Estudios arqueológicos han señalado que las condiciones de apogeo en esta región se dieron cuando los mayas usaron y adaptaron las depresiones kársticas de la zona, denominadas “bajos”, como los principales suministros de agua. Incluso el aprovechamiento de los sedimentos arcillosos de la zona permitió la construcción de sistemas de almacenamiento y de transporte del agua. Sin embargo, esto no fue constante debido a la alta solubilidad del yeso que predomina en los afloramientos de la Formación Icaiche. Esta formación tiene influencia en las características de permeabilidad de la zona y en las características hidrogeológicas y geomorfológicas tanto en superficie como en las secciones no afloradas de la Formación. Sin embargo, su importancia no ha sido reconocida ni la hidrogeoquímica que puede presentar los flujos subterráneos en la Península de Yucatán. En este trabajo se propone que la disolución del sulfato de calcio (yeso) seguida por los procesos de colapsos kársticos generaron: 1) la formación de poljes (depresiones kársticas elongadas que se presentan como valles cerrados) que aparecen en las márgenes este y oeste de la EIR; 2) la formación de geoformas kársticas profundas que se presentan en la zona norte-central del estado de Yucatán; y 3) la formación de las irregularidades (extensive brecciation of rock), así como la variación hidrogeoquímica de los flujos subterráneos en la margen este de la EIR (entre Lago Chicancanab y la Formación Felipe Carrillo Puerto en Quintana Roo. Así mismo, se sugiere que los sedimentos arcillosos formados durante los procesos de erosión de la Formación Icaiche y su posible mezcla con depósitos de sílice del impacto del Chixchulub pudieron afectar la permeabilidad de las rocas sedimentarias de origen marino del post-Eoceno, posiblemente incluyendo las facies locales de la Formación Felipe Carrillo Puerto que se presentan en el margen sureste de la Península. Lo anterior resultó en un material con baja permeabilidad para la zona sur de la parte mexicana de la península de Yucatán comparada con la zona norte cuya permeabilidad permite la presencia del lente de agua dulce que se superpone a la intrusión salina.
Obituary: Josee Ticul Alvarez Solorzano: 1935-200
An obituary for Mexican biologist Jose Ticul Alvarez Solorzano (1935-2001) is presented. Solorzano was born in Mexico City on Feb 26, 1935 to Felisa Solorzano Davalos and Jose Alvarez del Villar. He started his career in biology at the National School of Biological Sciences of the National Polytechnic Institute in 1954.