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"Toilets History."
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Remaking the john : the invention and reinvention of the toilet
From ancient pit toilets to high-tech solar inventions that recycle and reuse human waste, Remaking the John tells the fascinating story of the toilet and its many incarnations over the centuries and across cultures.
Book
The secret history of ancient toilets
Some 2,000 years ago, a high-ceilinged room under of one of Rome's most opulent palaces was a busy, smelly space. Inside the damp chamber, a bench, perforated by about 50 holes the size of dinner plates, ran along the walls. It may have supported the bottoms of some of the lowest members of Roman society. Today, the room is shut offto the public, but archaeologists Ann Koloski-Ostrow and Gemma Jansen had a rare chance to study the ancient communal toilet on the Palatine Hill in 2014.
Journal Article
Toilets tank! : their inner workings
\"Get ready for some literal bathroom reading. Discover the story behind their home's most under appreciated feature. From facts on how much bodily waste the average person releases a day to information on what the first \"toilets\" were like. Readers will learn about why we need sanitation and where our waste goes when we flush.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
First World War German Soldier Intestinal Worms: An Original Study of a Trench Latrine in France
For the first time in the study of ancient parasites, analyses were carried out on samples taken from a First World War settlement in France (Geispolsheim, region of Alsace). Microscopic examination of sediment samples revealed the presence of 3 common human parasites, i.e., Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Taenia sp. A review of paleoparasitological studies in Europe shows that these 3 parasites have infected humanity for centuries. Despite this recurrence, literature shows that knowledge regarding many helminths was limited, and their life cycles were only relatively recently elucidated. Finally, the present study provides additional information about the health of the German soldiers and the sanitary conditions in the trenches during the first modern world conflict.
Journal Article
Toilets from then to now
\"This book for elementary readers describes the sequence of inventions that brought us from outdoor cesspits to today's smart toilets, complete with customized user settings. Engaging photos and a running timeline illustrate important ideas and inventions that have changed the way we dispose of our waste. A glossary, further resources, and an index are included\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Toilet hygiene in the classical era
Philippe Charlier and colleagues describe how the Romans wiped their bottoms and speculate about the resulting health problems
Journal Article
The archaeology of sanitation in Roman Italy : toilets, sewers, and water systems
\"The Romans developed sophisticated methods for managing hygiene, including aqueducts for moving water from one place to another, sewers for removing used water from baths and runoff from walkways and roads, and public and private latrines. Through the archeological record, graffiti, sanitation-related paintings, and literature, Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow explores this little-known world of bathrooms and sewers, offering unique insights into Roman sanitation, engineering, urban planning and development, hygiene, and public health. Focusing on the cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, Ostia, and Rome, Koloski-Ostrow's work challenges common perceptions of Romans' social customs, beliefs about health, tolerance for filth in their cities, and attitudes toward privacy. In charting the complex history of sanitary customs from the late republic to the early empire, Koloski-Ostrow reveals the origins of waste removal technologies and their implications for urban health, past and present\"--Provided by publisher.
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