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"Tooth loss."
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I lost a tooth
\"Introduces the reader to how baby teeth are lost, what to do when it happens, as well as the different kinds of teeth in the human mouth\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Association of tooth loss with morbidity and mortality by diabetes status in older adults: a systematic review
Objective
This systematic review assesses the association of tooth loss (TL), as the exposure, with morbidity and mortality by diabetes mellitus (DM) status, as the outcome, in older adults.
Background
Individuals with DM have higher prevalence of severe TL and increased risk of developing morbidities and mortality. No systematic review has evaluated the association between TL with morbidity and mortality by DM status.
Material and methods
Comprehensive searches used multiple publication databases containing reports published between 01/01/2000 and 04/21/2021. Two authors independently evaluated included studies for quality and risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist for cohort and Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) critical appraisal sheet for cross-sectional studies, while a third author arbitrated decisions to resolve disagreements.
Results
Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria: eight cross-sectional and five cohort. Qualitative review of the included studies indicated TL is associated with increased incidence and prevalence of DM. TL is also associated with DM-related morbidities including greater prevalence of heart disease, diabetic retinopathy, metabolic syndrome; poorer health-related quality of life; poorer survival of participants with chronic kidney disease; and increased medical expenditure. Overall, the quality of the evidence reviewed was medium, as per the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence.
Conclusions/practical implications
This review found significant associations of TL with prevalence and incidence of DM and adverse DM-related outcomes. An interprofessional team-care approach that includes an oral health component could benefit the prevention and management of DM.
Journal Article
Tooth fairy in training
\"Tate's tooth-fairy training starts today, and her big sister, May, is taking her out on her very first tooth-collecting mission. After practicing at home, Tate is ready to test her skills, and May leads her to their first stop: a herd of hippos in a lake! After all, human children aren't the only young creatures that lose their teeth. In fact, being a tooth fairy is a dangerous job, and Tate must visit all kinds of toothy predators before the night is up. Will she be able to collect the teeth from narwhals, anacondas, and more--all without waking a single creature?\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Association of tooth loss and nutritional status in adults: an overview of systematic reviews
Background
Association of tooth loss and nutritional status has been widely researched with conflicting results. This overview aimed to analyse and summarize findings from systematic reviews on association of tooth loss with nutritional status, in view of their quality assessment and methodological characteristics.
Methods
Overview was conducted as per Cochrane Overviews of Reviews guidelines. 5 databases (PubMed, Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, Scopus, Cochrane Register of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos.org) and one online source (Google Scholar) were searched for systematic reviews published between 2010 - July 2022, with inclusion criteria; population: participants aged 18 years or above, intervention/exposure: loss of teeth, comparison: not applicable, outcome: nutritional status, study: systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Reviews on association of prosthetic interventions with nutritional status were not included. Data were extracted for study characteristics, details of primary studies, and main findings. Narrative synthesis of data, overlap of primary studies and quality assessment of studies were done using AMSTAR 2 tool (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews).
Result
Of 1525 articles found, seven systematic reviews were selected (four were systematic reviews, three were systematic reviews with meta-analysis). Five studies showed some or positive association, one found weak association and for one study the association was unclear. Overlap of primary studies was ‘very slight’. Meta-analysis of two studies concluded fully or partially edentulous individuals were more likely to be malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, (RR = 1.095, 95% CI 1.007 to 1.190,
p
= 0.033. RR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.32
p
< 0.01), but one found that edentulism was not associated with malnutrition. (RR = 1.072, 95% CI 0.9657-1.200). Quality assessment revealed four studies were ‘high’, one was ‘low’ and two were ‘critically low.’
Conclusion
This overview confirms the association between tooth loss and nutritional status specially in elderly. It is evident that tooth loss increases the likelihood of poor nutritional status. Overall, studies show high heterogeneity in the methodology and quality assessment reveals low confidence in the available evidence. Future studies should use standard assessment tools for tooth loss and nutritional status.
Journal Article
Tooth fairy
When Matthew loses a tooth, his sister Jessica decides to take advantage of the Tooth Fairy's visit.
Book
Effect of smoking cessation on tooth loss: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Background
Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontitis and tooth loss. Smoking cessation has a positive impact in periodontal treatment. However, so far, no systematic review has evaluated the effect of smoking cessation on tooth loss. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate if smoking cessation reduces the risk of tooth loss.
Methods
Observational (cross-sectional and longitudinal) studies that investigated the association between smoking cessation and tooth loss were included. MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to November 2018. Pooled results for subgroups of current and former smokers were compared in meta-analysis. Meta-regression was used to test the influence of smoking status on estimates and explore the heterogeneity.
Results
Of 230 potentially relevant publications, 21 studies were included in the qualitative review and 12 in the quantitative analysis. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies did not show any differences between former and current smokers in the chance of losing 1 or more teeth (OR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.80 to 1.24, I
2
= 80%), losing more than 8 teeth (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.78 to 1.32, I
2
= 0%) or being edentulous (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.94 to 1.99, I
2
= 98%). Meta-analysis from longitudinal studies showed that, when compared to never smokers, former smokers presented no increased risk of tooth loss (RR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.35, I
2
= 76%), while current smokers presented an increased risk of tooth loss (RR = 2.60; 95% CI = 2.29 to 2.96, I
2
= 61%). Meta-regression showed that, among former smokers, the time of cessation was the variable that better explained heterogeneity (approximately 60%).
Conclusions
Risk for tooth loss in former smokers is comparable to that of never smokers. Moreover, former smokers have a reduced risk of tooth loss, when compared to current smokers.
Journal Article
Assessment of awareness level about consequences of missing teeth in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia
Missing teeth is a prevalent dental health problem that can lead to several unfavorable consequences, including dental caries, periodontal disease, bone deterioration, jaw disorders, malocclusion, and irregular teeth alignment. This Study aims to assess awareness of the consequences of missing teeth in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. A cross-section study was conducted, including 216 Saudi adults from Qassim, while children were excluded. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, which consisted of two parts: the first part gathered participants’ demographic data, and the second part included questions assessing their awareness level regarding teeth loss. Descriptive statistical analysis, bivariate chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using SAS OnDemand for academics. Among the 216 participants, 129 (59.7%) were females and 69 (31.9%) were between the ages of 26 and 35. The study revealed that 60.2% of participants were knowledgeable about treatment options for missing teeth. However, a lack of knowledge regarding available treatment options was significantly associated with age (P-value < .0001), education level (P-value 0.0336), and income level (P-value 0.0037). In this study, only 62.5% of participants reported being aware of the consequences of missing teeth. A significant number of the participants lacked awareness of these consequences, with the highest percentage of unawareness observed among the uneducated. Hence, educating patients about the complications of not replacing missing teeth is crucial, as it can improve their attitude toward treatment and enhance their quality of life.
Journal Article
Relationship between tooth loss, low masticatory ability, and nutritional indices in the elderly: a cross-sectional study
Background
Low masticatory ability and the resulting decrease in intake of masticable foods can result in undernutrition. The present study investigated the relationship between tooth loss, low masticatory ability, and nutritional indices in the elderly.
Methods
The data analyzed in this study were retrieved from the baseline data of the 2007 Fujiwara-kyo study, a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling elderly individuals. Subjects included 1591 men and 1543 women, both with a median age of 71 years. The maximum occlusal force was measured as an objective index of masticatory ability. Foods were divided into five groups based on hardness: Group 1 (bananas, etc.), 0.53 kg; Group 2 (boiled rice, etc.), 1.22 kg; Group 3 (raisins, etc.), 2.93 kg; Group 4 (raw carrots, etc.), 4.38 kg; and Group 5 (beef jerky), 6.56 kg. To obtain a subjective index of masticatory ability, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted to determine whether subjects could masticate foods within each group. As nutritional indices, serum albumin levels and body mass index (BMI) data were used.
Results
The median number of teeth was 21. The proportion of subjects for whom all five food groups were masticable showed a significant decrease in the number of teeth in both males and females. Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjustment for confounders, no significant relationships were observed between the number of teeth and the masticatory ability with nutritional indices in males. In females, a maximum occlusal force of 100 to 300 N (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.06–2.55) or less than 100 N (OR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.15–3.31) showed a significant correlation with serum albumin levels below 4.4 g/dL (reference: 500 N or more). In addition, the masticability of all five food groups showed a significant correlation with BMI < 21.0 kg/m
2
(OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.46–0.85) in females.
Conclusions
A low number of teeth was associated with low masticatory ability in both males and females. Low masticatory ability was associated with low plasma albumin levels and low BMI in females. Not smoking, maintaining grip strength, preventing cancer, and masticatory ability are important for preventing undernutrition.
Journal Article
Causal effect of tooth loss on depression: evidence from a population-wide natural experiment in the USA
Depression severely affects people's health and well-being. Oral diseases have been suggested to be associated with depression, but so far, there is no causal evidence. This study aimed to identify the causal effect of tooth loss on depression among US adults in a natural experiment study.
Instrumental variable analysis was conducted using data from 169 061 respondents born in 1940-1978 who participated in the 2006, 2008 or 2010 waves of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Random variation in tooth loss due to differential childhood exposure to drinking water fluoride was exploited as an instrument.
US adults who were exposed to drinking water fluoride in childhood had more remaining teeth, therefore providing a robust instrument (F = 73.4). For each additional tooth loss, depressive symptoms according to the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression (PHQ-8) score increased by 0.146 (95% CI 0.008-0.284), and the probability of having clinical depression (PHQ ⩾10) increased by 0.81 percentage points (95% CI -0.12 to 1.73).
Tooth loss causally increased depression among US adults. Losing ten or more teeth had an impact comparable to adults with major depressive disorder not receiving antidepressant drugs.
Journal Article
A retrospective study of remodeling changes of the temporomandibular joint structures in patients with unilateral posterior tooth loss
Background
This study aimed to enhance understanding of how unilateral posterior tooth loss (UPTL) affects temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structures and to explore potential influencing factors on joint morphology.
Methods
The study included 68 subjects (34 patients with UPTL and 34 with complete dentition), divided into the missing group (
n
= 34 joint sides), the contralateral group (
n
= 34 joint sides), and the control group (
n
= 68 joint sides). Morphological measurement of the condyle, glenoid fossa and joint spaces were performed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and Mimics software. Analyses and comparisons were made among the three groups, with subgroup analyses based on the duration of tooth loss (< 1 year and ≥ 1 year), first molar loss, and the presence of unilateral chewing habit (UCH).
Results
Some significant differences among the control, the missing, and the contralateral groups were observed in measurements of the glenoid fossa and joint spaces (
P
< 0.05). When tooth loss lasted less than 1 year, the contralateral side exhibited significantly larger posterior joint spaces than the missing side (
P
< 0.05), whereas no differences were observed at ≥ 1 year. In the first molar loss subgroup, the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameters of the glenoid fossa were significantly larger on the contralateral side than on the missing side (
P
< 0.05). Moreover, unilateral chewers with UPTL exhibited significantly smaller anteroposterior condylar diameters on the preferred chewing side (
P
< 0.01).
Conclusion
An overall enlargement of both the glenoid fossa and joint spaces was observed in patients following UPTL; the glenoid fossa was found to be more susceptible to bone resorption than the condyle. Factors such as the duration of tooth loss, the absence of the first molar, and UCH contribute variably to these structural changes, indicating that different tooth-loss conditions can impose distinct biomechanical impacts on the TMJ.
Journal Article