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The rapid pace of technological innovation necessitates that information technology (IT) services firms continually invest in replenishing the skills of their key asset base, the human capital. We examine whether human capital investments directed toward employee training are effective in improving employee performance. Our rich employee level panel data set affords us the opportunity to link formal training with performance at the individual employee level. Using a dynamic panel model, we identify a significant positive impact of training on employee performance. A unit increase in training is linked to a 2.14% increase in an employee's performance. Interestingly, we find that in the IT sector, skills atrophy and consequently high-experience employees reap higher returns from training, which highlights the uniquely dynamic nature of IT knowledge and skills. We also find that general training that an employee can utilize outside the focal firm improves employee performance. However, specific training pertinent to the focal firm is not positively linked to performance. On the other hand, although domain and technical training both enhance employee performance individually, the interaction between the two suggests a substitutive relationship. Thus, our findings suggest that the value of training is conditional on a focused curricular approach that emphasizes a structured competency development program. Our findings have both theoretical and practical significance. Most important, they justify increased human capital investments to fuel future growth in this important component of the global economy. This paper was accepted by Lorin Hitt, information systems.

Assistance dogs provide many important benefits and improve the quality of life of the humans they serve. Puppy raisers provide the initial training of dogs that may become assistance dogs-training of basic commands such as sit, socializing and desensitizing the dog by exposing the dog to different people, novel environments and novel situations. When university students act as puppy raisers, they often bring their dog with them to class. Having an in-training assistance dog in the classroom might be disruptive to some students such as those who are allergic to dogs, anxious around dogs, or who object to dogs for religious reasons. Bringing an in-training assistance dog to class might also be disruptive to the puppy raiser if they need to direct their attention away from class to the dog to manage the dog's behavior. The in-training assistance dog itself may experience stress from being in a novel environment with novel people. This study surveyed instructors, students, and puppy raisers in classes visited by in-training assistance dogs. In general, students reported having positive attitudes about having in-training assistance dogs in class; puppy raisers reported few problems and that their dogs experience few, if any, signs of stress. The results suggest that university students can continue to provide the initial training for dogs without negative consequences to the puppy raiser, instructor, or other students in the classes visited by the in-training assistance dogs.

The combined application of computer artificial intelligence technology and sports promotes the positive development of the sports industry. The combined application of computer artificial intelligence technology and sports promotes the positive development of the sports industry. After completing the model construction, the structure of the external limb sports training auxiliary machinery is designed, and the system structure of the sports training auxiliary machinery is constructed by combining the needs of sports training. The optimization of external limb sports training auxiliary machinery was achieved by performing and solving mathematical modeling of a single limb. The performance of the action recognition model and the sports auxiliary machinery is examined through experiments, in which the action recognition model based on deep learning in this paper has the best effect, which is 95.75%, and the loss values of the model after convergence are all below 0.2. In the empirical testing of the performance of the sports assistive machine, the obtained target trajectory tracking error is within ±3mm and ±2mm, respectively, and the performance of the deep learning-based action recognition model and the external limb sports training assistive machine is excellent, which can effectively help the sports training. The purpose of this study is to provide design direction and practical significance for the design of a sports training assistance system.

Aiming at the problem of large deviation of the recognition results of the traditional recognition system, this article carried out the design and research of the intelligent recognition system of the football curve ball movement trajectory. The hardware structure design includes the acceleration sensor selection, the angular motion detection device selection and the power supply circuit design, and the software structure design includes the motion trajectory data filtering processing and the football curve ball motion speed displacement recognition. Experiments show that, compared with the traditional system, the design system has a smaller deviation of the recognition results, significantly fewer recognition errors, and higher accuracy.

This article investigates how precisely short-term, job search-oriented training programs as opposed to long-term, human capital intensive training programs work. We evaluate and compare their effects on time until job entry, stability of employment, and earnings. Further, we examine the heterogeneity of treatment effects according to the timing of training during unemployment as well as across different subgroups of participants. We find that participating in short-term training reduces the remaining time in unemployment and moderately increases job stability. Long-term training programs initially prolong the remaining time in unemployment, but once the scheduled program end is reached participants exit to employment at a much faster rate than without training. In addition, they benefit from substantially more stable employment spells and higher earnings. Overall, long-term training programs are well effective in supporting the occupational advancement of very heterogeneous groups of participants, including those with generally weak labor market prospects. However, from a fiscal perspective only the low-cost short-term training schemes are cost efficient in the short run.

The growing demand for efficient and reliable human–robot collaboration (HRC) in industrial environments has driven the integration of augmented reality (AR) and real‐time robotic control systems. This paper presents an AR‐enabled HRC system where operators use Almer Arc2 AR headsets to issue voice commands that control the movement of the xArm 7 robotic arm. The system leverages ROS 2 and MoveIt for motion planning, augmented by a decision tree‐based optimization model for trajectory calculation. A key performance metric, response time, is evaluated to assess the system's efficiency in translating voice commands into precise robotic actions. Experimental results show a mean response time of 1.45 s, indicating stable and rapid responses suitable for real‐time industrial applications. The system's accuracy and repeatability were also confirmed, with minimal variations in pick and drop locations, demonstrating high precision in task execution. These findings highlight the system's potential to enhance workflow efficiency, reduce cognitive load on operators, and ensure seamless interaction between human and robot. By integrating intuitive AR interfaces and real‐time feedback, this study contributes to advancing intelligent and adaptable human–robot workspaces for industrial automation. This study presents an augmented reality‐guided human–robot collaboration framework integrating step‐by‐step visual workflows, real‐time voice control, and adaptive motion planning. Results demonstrate high precision, low variance, and improved operator guidance, highlighting its potential to enhance efficiency and intuitiveness in smart manufacturing.

Although a considerable amount of research has examined the impact of experience on negotiation behavior and performance, we still know very little about the usefulness of student samples in negotiation research because most studies have compared the performance of inexperienced students with those who had received some kind of extensive negotiation training or with experienced professional negotiators(s). Against this background, we investigate whether the results obtained from trained student samples are generally similar to those of professional negotiators. Generally, our data confirm our hypotheses that students with some negotiation training and experience perform better than untrained student negotiators and that they are not significantly outperformed by professional negotiators. From this, we conclude that many questions in the field of negotiation research can be effectively tested by using trained students as experimental subjects. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

The National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) was established in 1998 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to advance national cancer control implementation across US states and affiliated tribes and territories. To build capacity of NCCCP recipients, technical assistance and training (TAT) is offered in the form of online trainings, webinars, toolkits, workshops, tip sheets, and other products. To determine TAT needs of NCCCP recipients, the George Washington University (GW) Cancer Center conducted a qualitative evaluation to inform TAT planning and implementation. Data on the utilization, applicability, impact, and dissemination of TAT received were collected from comprehensive cancer control practitioners through semi-structured interviews. Detailed memos of interviewee responses were documented and deductively coded based on three themes: promotion of TAT, use of existing TAT, and recommendations for future TAT. Interviewees reported a need for diverse topics, modalities, and TAT reminders. The most widely used TAT resources were social media toolkits, webinars, newsletters, patient navigation resources, and online trainings. Recommendations for future TAT included a focus on coalition support, adaptation and evaluation of evidence-based cancer control strategies, and health equity. Offering a blend of TAT, including educational webinars and trainings, was preferred by CCC professionals and could increase use. Future TAT will provide new opportunities for coalition capacity building, adaptation of evidence-based strategies for cancer control, and center health equity.

While researches on small businesses have grown substantially, there seem to be a paucity of researches that specifically investigate the effects of small business owner's expertise on employees' skills training and small business performance. In order to fill this void the current study examined the direct effects of small business owner expertise on small business performance and the mediating influence of employee skills training in this relationship. To empirically test the three (3) posited hypotheses, a sample data of 221 was collected from small business employees in Zimbabwe. The results indicate that small business owner's expertise positively influence employees' skills training and small business performance in a significant way. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed and limitations and future research directions are indicated. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

The paper analyses the data resulting from the Italian campaign for newborns' parents, \"GenitoriPiù\", and focuses on the assessment of healthcare workers' knowledge about sudden infant death syndrome. Considering two different response sets (dichotomous and polytomous), we used a Rasch model and a logistic quantité regression to analyse which demographic and professional backgrounds influenced the degree of knowledge of this topic.Significant differences between regions are evident, and the effect of training initiatives is proven as a way of rectifying these differences. With regard to professional background, the bestprepared healthcare workers are paediatricians and healthcare workers working in birth centres and family planning clinics.