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This highly accessible introduction to translation theory, written by a leading author in the field, uses the genre of film to bring the main themes in translation to life. Through analyzing films as diverse as the Marx Brothers’ A Night at the Opera , The Star Wars Trilogies and Lost in Translation , the reader is encouraged to think about both issues and problems of translation as they are played out on the screen and issues of filmic representation through examining the translation dimension of specific films. In highlighting how translation has featured in both mainstream commercial and arthouse films over the years, Cronin shows how translation has been a concern of filmmakers dealing with questions of culture, identity, conflict and representation. This book is a lively and accessible text for translation theory courses and offers a new and largely unexplored approach to topics of identity and representation on screen. Translation Goes to the Movies will be of interest to those on translation studies and film studies courses.

Over the last decade, the amount of Arabic content created on websites and social media has grown significantly. Opinions are shared openly and freely on social media and thus provide a rich source for trend analyses, which are accomplished by conventional methods of language interpretation, such as sentiment analysis. Due to its accuracy in studying unstructured data, deep learning has been increasingly used to test opinions. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a promising approach in textual analysis and exhibit large morphological variations. In total, 193 studies used RNNs in English-language sentiment analysis, and 24 studies used RNNs in Arabic-language sentiment analysis. Those studies varied in the areas they address, the functionality and weaknesses of the models, and the number and scale of the available datasets for different dialects. Such variations are worthy of attention and monitoring; thus, this paper presents a systematic examination of the literature to label, evaluate, and identify state-of-the-art studies using RNNs for Arabic sentiment analysis.

Background Health evidence needs to be communicated and disseminated in a manner that is clearly understood by decision-makers. As an inherent component of health knowledge translation, communicating results of scientific studies, effects of interventions and health risk estimates, in addition to understanding key concepts of clinical epidemiology and interpreting evidence, represent a set of essential instruments to reduce the gap between science and practice. The advancement of digital and social media has reshaped the concept of health communication, introducing new, direct and powerful communication platforms and gateways between researchers and the public. The objective of this scoping review was to identify strategies for communicating scientific evidence in healthcare to managers and/or population. Methods We searched Cochrane Library, Embase®, MEDLINE® and other six electronic databases, in addition to grey literature, relevant websites from related organizations for studies, documents or reports published from 2000, addressing any strategy for communicating scientific evidence on healthcare to managers and/or population. Results Our search identified 24 598 unique records, of which 80 met the inclusion criteria and addressed 78 strategies. Most strategies focused on risk and benefit communication in health, were presented by textual format and had been implemented and somehow evaluated. Among the strategies evaluated and appearing to yield some benefit are (i) risk/benefit communication: natural frequencies instead of percentages, absolute risk instead relative risk and number needed to treat, numerical instead nominal communication, mortality instead survival; negative or loss content appear to be more effective than positive or gain content; (ii) evidence synthesis: plain languages summaries to communicate the results of Cochrane reviews to the community were perceived as more reliable, easier to find and understand, and better to support decisions than the original summaries; (iii) teaching/learning: the Informed Health Choices resources seem to be effective for improving critical thinking skills. Conclusion Our findings contribute to both the knowledge translation process by identifying communication strategies with potential for immediate implementation and to future research by recognizing the need to evaluate the clinical and social impact of other strategies to support evidence-informed policies. Trial registration protocol is prospectively available in MedArxiv (doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.04.21265922).

The coming of age of audiovisual translation studies has brought about a much-needed surge of studies focusing on the audience, their comprehension, appreciation or rejection of what reaches them through the medium of translation. Although complex to perform, studies on the reception of translated audiovisual texts offer a uniquely thorough picture of the life and afterlife of these texts. This volume provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of reception studies related to audiovisual translation and accessibility, from a diachronic and synchronic perspective. Focusing on all audiovisual translation techniques and encompassing theoretical and methodological approaches from translation, media and film studies, it aims to become a reference for students and scholars across these fields.

Recently, the widespread use of social media and easy access to the Internet have brought about a significant transformation in the type of textual data available on the Web. This change is particularly evident in Arabic language usage, as the growing number of users from diverse domains has led to a considerable influx of Arabic text in various dialects, each characterized by differences in morphology, syntax, vocabulary, and pronunciation. Consequently, researchers in language recognition and natural language processing have become increasingly interested in identifying Arabic dialects. Numerous methods have been proposed to recognize this informal data, owing to its crucial implications for several applications, such as sentiment analysis, topic modeling, text summarization, and machine translation. However, Arabic dialect identification is a significant challenge due to the vast diversity of the Arabic language in its dialects. This study introduces a novel hybrid machine and deep learning model, incorporating an attention mechanism for detecting and classifying Arabic dialects. Several experiments were conducted using a novel dataset that collected information from user-generated comments from Twitter of Arabic dialects, namely, Egyptian, Gulf, Jordanian, and Yemeni, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The dataset comprises 34,905 rows extracted from Twitter, representing an unbalanced data distribution. The data annotation was performed by native speakers proficient in each dialect. The results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the performance of long short-term memory, bidirectional long short-term memory, and logistic regression models in dialect classification using different word representations as follows: term frequency-inverse document frequency, Word2Vec, and global vector for word representation.

Long description: Die Frage nach Verantwortung und Verantwortlichkeit ist für das Übersetzen und Dolmetschen grundlegend. Doch ist sie auch sinnvoll? Sowohl Translationswissenschaft als auch professionelle Translatorinnen und Translatoren wollen den Begriff eng fassen. Sie wenden ihn allein auf den translatorischen Akt und die damit betrauten Akteure an. Die Realität ist jedoch komplexer: Übersetzen und Dolmetschen sind oft Teamarbeit. Mit zunehmender Digitalisierung ist ein Translat immer häufiger das Ergebnis maschineller Translation. Genutzt und gedeutet wird ein so entstandener Text vom Publikum. Ruth Katharina Kopp lenkt den Blick auf den phänomenalen Stand einer auf Translation bezogenen Verantwortung. Sie löst diese von den Begriffen Handlung und Intention sowie vom personalen Subjekt. Mit Rekurs auf Emmanuel Levinas’ Verantwortungsphilosophie und Teile der responsiven Ethik nach Bernhard Waldenfels gelingt es ihr, den Begriff der Verantwortung auch für den Bereich der maschinellen Translation fruchtbar zu machen. Biographical note: Ruth Katharina Kopp, Dr. phil., ist beeidigte Dipl.-Übersetzerin. Sie studierte Portugiesisch, Französisch und Englisch sowie Translationswissenschaft in Heidelberg, Aix-en-Provence, Lissabon und London. Danach war sie unter anderem in der energietechnischen Entwicklungshilfe in Europa, Afrika und Amerika sowie als freiberufliche Übersetzerin tätig. Heute lehrt sie an der SRH Heidelberg Deutsch, Englisch, Französisch und Informationsverarbeitung. Sie forscht zu translations-wissenschaftlich relevanten philosophischen Begriffen und zu den Auswirkungen maschineller Translation auf die Gesellschaft.

Film titles play a pivotal role in encapsulating films’ plot, mood, and character, making them critical for attracting audiences and promoting films effectively. They rightly deserve more extensive and systematic linguistic research. Film title translation study has received much attention from many scholars, and their findings have been published, including translation strategies, linguistic features, and theoretical frameworks applied to film title translation in many languages. Despite extensive research on film title translation, gaps remain, including repetitive content and a lack of interdisciplinary perspectives. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a systematic literature review of film title translation. This systematic review examines 55 journal articles published between 1993 and 2024, focusing on publication trends, thematic scope, and key findings in the field of film title translation. Utilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and data from Scopus, Linguistic Abstracts, and Web of Science, the review highlights an increasing trend in multilingual studies involving 18 languages and underscores the limited theoretical advancements and focus on translation challenges. The study shows that few studies have focused on the translation problems of film titles, and theory development is limited. Future research should explore genre-specific film titles and adopt corpus-assisted approaches to better analyze naming patterns and translation strategies.

Audiovisual translation has attracted the attention of many researchers in the years since it became recognised as an academic discipline with an established theory of translation. For its part, cinema is one of today’s most powerful and influential media, and the vast number of US films translated for Spanish audiences merits particular academic attention. This book presents an analysis of the insults from seven films directed by the North American filmmaker Quentin Tarantino - Reservoir Dog.

Society is characterized by a constant flow of multimodal products, which increasingly blur the lines between screen and reality, and audiovisual translation allows overcoming geographical and linguistic frontiers between small realities across the planet.