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Magneto-elasto-electric (ME) coupling heterostructures, consisting of piezoelectric layers bonded to magnetostrictive ones, provide for a new class of electromagnetic emitter materials on which a portable (area ~ 16 cm2) very low frequency (VLF) transmitter technology could be developed. The proposed ME transmitter functions as follows: (a) a piezoelectric layer is first driven by alternating current AC electric voltage at its electromechanical resonance (EMR) frequency, (b) subsequently, this EMR excites the magnetostrictive layers, giving rise to magnetization change, (c) in turn, the magnetization oscillations result in oscillating magnetic fields. By Maxwell’s equations, a corresponding electric field, is also generated, leading to electromagnetic field propagation. Our hybrid piezoelectric-magnetostrictive transformer can take an input electric voltage that may include modulation-signal over a carrier frequency and transmit via oscillating magnetic field or flux change. The prototype measurements reveal a magnetic dipole like near field, demonstrating its transmission capabilities. Furthermore, the developed prototype showed a 104 times higher efficiency over a small-circular loop of the same area, exhibiting its superiority over the class of traditional small antennas.

This exciting new resources provides the latest in design concepts and the current state of technology in digital radio frequency memories (DRFM), focusing on the techniques used in electronic warfare. The design of amplitude sampling and phase sampling DRFM are explored, and their trade-offs evaluated. The book helps readers understand the many applications that can benefit from the use of a DRFM and how to develop models for different DRFM configurations. It explores the design trade-offs in developing multiple, structured, false target synthesis DRFM architectures and aids in developing counter-DRFM techniques and distinguish false target from real ones. Written by an expert in the field, and including MATLAB design software, this is the only comprehensive book written on the subject of DRFM.

With the growing complexity of personal mobile communication systems demanding higher data-rates and high levels of integration using low-cost CMOS technology, overall system performance has become more sensitive to RF analog front-end impairments. Designing integrated transceivers requires a thorough understanding of the whole transceiver chain including RF analog front-end and digital baseband. Communication system engineers have to include RF analog imperfections in their simulation benches in order to study and quantify their impact on the system performance. Here the author explores key RF analog impairments in a transceiver and demonstrates how to model their impact from a communication system design view-point. He discusses the design aspects of the front end of transceivers (both receivers and transmitters) and provides the reader with a way to optimize a complex mixed-signal platform by taking into account the characteristics of the RF/analog front-end. Key features of this book include: * Practical examples illustrated by system simulation results based on WiFi and mobile WiMAX OFDM transceivers * An overview of the digital estimation and compensation of the RF analog impairments such as power amplifier distortion, quadrature imbalance, and carrier and sampling frequency offsets * An exposition of the challenges involved in the design of both RF analog circuits and DSP communication circuits in deep submicron CMOS technology * MATLAB® codes for RF analog impairments models  hosted on the companion website Uniquely the book bridges the gap between RFIC design specification needs and communication systems simulation, offering readers RF analog impairments modeling knowledge and a comprehensive approach to unifying theory and practice in system modelling. It is of great value to communication systems and DSP engineers and graduate students who design communication processing engines, RF/analog systems and IC design engineers involved in the design of communication platforms.

Communication among end users can be based either on wired or wireless technology. Cryptography plays a vital role in ensuring data exchange is secure among end users. Data can be encrypted and decrypted using symmetric or asymmetric key cryptographic techniques to provide confidentiality. In wireless technology, images are exchanged through low-cost wireless peripheral devices, such as radio frequency identification device (RFID), nRF, and ZigBee, that can interface with field programmable gate array (FPGA) among the end users. One of the issues is that data exchange through wireless devices does not offer confidentiality, and subsequently, data can be lost. In this paper, we propose a design and implementation of AES-128 cipher algorithm on an FPGA board for image processing through the universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) protocol. In this process, the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm is used to encrypt and decrypt the image, while the transmitter and receiver designs are implemented on two Xilinx BASYS-3 circuits connected with a ZigBee RF module. The encrypted image uses less memory, such as LUTs (141), and also consumes less chip power (0.0291 w), I/O (0.003), block RAM (0.001 w), data, and logic to provide much higher efficiency than wired communication technology. We also observe that images can be exchanged through the UART protocol with different baud rates in run time.

A fully comprehensive reference combining digital communications and RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits) in one complete volume There are many books which focus on the physical implementation of the RF/analog part of transceivers, such as the CMOS design, or the signal processing involved in digital communications. However, there is little material dedicated to transceiver architecture and system design. Similarly, much of the existing literature looks at concepts useful for dimensioning, yet offers little practical information on how to proceed for dimensioning a line-up from scratch, and on the reasons for proceeding that way. This book redresses the balance by explaining the architecture of transceivers and their dimensioning from the perspective of a RFIC architect from within industry. It bridges the gap between digital communication systems and radiofrequency integrated circuit design, covering wireless transceiver architecture and system design from both system level and circuit designer aspects. • Covers digital communication theory, electromagnetism theory and wireless networks organization, from theories to implementation, for deriving the minimum set of constraints to be fulfilled by transceivers • Details the limitations in the physical implementation of transceivers to be considered for their dimensioning, in terms of noise, nonlinearity, and RF impairments • Presents transceiver architecture and system design in terms of transceivers budgets, transceivers architectures, and algorithms for transceivers

Written by the developers of the new 21st century HF (high frequency) radio technology, this groundbreaking resource presents the powerful new capabilities and technical details of 3G and WBHF (wideband high frequency) waveforms to help you understand and use the ionospheric channel for video and high-speed data transmission. Featuring more than 150 illustrations, this practical book enables you to utilize this technology to communicate voice and data over the horizon without needing anyone else 's infrastructure, send video beyond line of sight from moving platforms, and communicate over long ranges below the noise floor. You learn the rationale behind the new US and NATO standards for HF radio communications directly from their developers. Additionally, the book looks at the future direction of this technology and areas requiring further research.

Building upon the success of the first edition (2007), Wireless Transceiver Design 2nd Edition is an accessible textbook that explains the concepts of wireless transceiver design in detail. The architectures and the detailed design of both traditional  and advanced all-digital wireless transceivers are discussed in a thorough and systematic manner, while carefully watching out for clarity and simplicity. Many practical examples and solved problems at the end of each chapter allow students to thoroughly understand the mechanisms involved, to build confidence, and enable them to readily make correct and practical use of the applicable results and formulas. From the instructors' perspective, the book will enable the reader to build courses at different levels of depth, starting from the basic understanding, whilst allowing them to focus on particular elements of study. In addition to numerous fully-solved exercises, the authors include actual exemplary examination papers for instructors to use as a reference format for student evaluation. The new edition has been adapted with instructors/lecturers, graduate/undergraduate students and RF engineers in mind. Non-RF engineers looking to acquire a basic understanding of the main related RF subjects will also find the book invaluable.

In the present scheme of the world, the problem of shortage of power is seen across the world which can be a vulnerability to various communication securities. The scope of proposed research is that it is a step towards completing green communication technology concepts. In order to improve energy efficiency in communication networks, we designed UART using different nanometers of FPGA, which consumes the least amount of energy. This shortage is happening because of expanding of industries across the world and the rapid growth of the population. Therefore, to save the power for our upcoming generation, the globe is moving towards the concept and ideas of green communication and power-/energy-efficient gadget. In this work, a power-efficient universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) is implemented on 28 nm Artix-7 field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The objective of this work is to reduce the power utilization of UART with the FPGA device in industries. To do this, the same authors have used voltage scaling techniques and compared the results with the existing FPGA works.

The second edition to&#160; <i>OFDM Baseband Receiver Design for Wireless Communications</i> , this book expands on the earlier edition with enhanced coverage of MIMO techniques, additional baseband algorithms, and more IC design examples. The authors cover the full range of OFDM technology, from theories and algorithms to architectures and circuits. The book gives a concise yet comprehensive look at digital communication fundamentals before explaining signal processing algorithms in receivers. The authors give detailed treatment of hardware issues &#8211; from architecture to IC implementation. <ul> <li>Links OFDM and MIMO theory with hardware implementation</li> <li>Enables the reader to <ul> <li>transfer communication receiver concepts into hardware</li> <li>design wireless receivers with acceptable implementation loss</li> <li>achieve low-power designs</li> </ul> </li> <li>Covers the latest standards, such as DVB-T2, WiMAX, LTE, and LTE-A</li> <li>Includes more baseband algorithms, such as iterative receiver and mobile OFDM equalization</li> <li>Contains expanded treatment of channel models and MIMO techniques</li> <li>Demonstrates concrete design examples of the WiMAX system</li> <li>Features companion website with lecture slides for instructors</li> </ul> <p>Based on materials developed for a course in digital communication IC design, this book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in VLSI design, wireless communications, and communications signal processing. Practicing engineers in industry working on algorithms or hardware for wireless communications devices will also find this book to be a key reference.</p> <p>Companion website for the book:</p> <p>www.wiley.com/go/chiueh/ofdm2e</p>

This study describes the processing scheme of the FKIE (Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics) GSM-based passive coherent location (PCL) system, which consists of an antenna and signal processing adapted to the GSM waveform and of target tracking based on multi-hypothesis tracking. To overcome the limitations from a single bistatic transmitter–receiver pair, fusion of the measurements from different geometries is the key component of a GSM PCL system. The authors demonstrate a significant improvement in target position estimation from the tracking process on the basis of real data and theoretical performance bounds. The impact of the transmitter–target–receiver geometry is discussed and the effect of the exploitation of prior context knowledge (e.g. clutter and land maps) on maritime traffic surveillance is shown.