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"Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc.-Moral and ethical aspects"
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Human Tissue in Transplantation and Research
Deficiencies and shortfalls in the supply of human organs for transplantation and human tissue for research generate policy dilemmas across the world and have often given rise to major and deleterious controversies, such as those relating to organ and tissue retention practices following post-mortem examination. They also create an environment in which illegitimate commercial activities flourish. At the same time, patients are denied the therapy they desperately require and researchers are impeded from carrying out vital work into the causes of, and efficacious treatments for, major illnesses and diseases. David Price sets out a clear and integrated legal and policy framework which emanates from the tissue source but protects the interests of donors and relevant professionals through tailored property entitlements, but without presupposing rights to trade in 'original' materials.
eBook
Kidney for Sale by Owner
Over the past decade in the United States, nearly 6,000 people a year have died waiting for organ transplants. In 2003 alone, only 20,000 out of the 83,000 waiting for transplants received them--in anyone's eyes, a tragedy. Many of these deaths could have been prevented, and many more lives saved, were it not for the almost universal moral hand-wringing over the concept of selling human organs. Bioethicist Mark Cherry explores the why of these well-intentioned misperceptions and legislation and boldly deconstructs the roadblocks that are standing in the way of restoring health to thousands of people. If most Americans accept the notion that the market is the most efficient means to distribute resources, why should body parts be excluded? Kidney for Sale by Owner contends that the market is indeed a legitimate—and humane—way to procure and distribute human organs. Cherry stakes the claim that it may be even more just, and more compatible with many Western religious and philosophical traditions, than the current charity-based system now in place. He carefully examines arguments against a market for body parts, including assertions based on the moral views of John Locke, Immanuel Kant, and Thomas Aquinas, and shows these claims to be steeped in myth, oversimplification, and contorted logic. Rather than focusing on purported human exploitation and the irrational \"moral repugnance\" of selling organs, Cherry argues that we should focus on saving lives. Following on the thinking of the philosopher Robert Nozick, he demonstrates that, with regard to body parts, the important core humanitarian values of equality, liberty, altruism, social solidarity, human dignity, and, ultimately, improved health care are more successfully supported by a regulated market rather than by well meant, but misguided, prohibitions.
eBook
The International Trafficking of Human Organs
This volume examines the issue of human organ trafficking from the perspectives of criminal justice, business, medicine, ethics, philosophy, and theology. It presents case studies of the trafficking of body parts occurring in the U.S. and Mexico, examines the increase in organ harvesting from Chinese prisoners, and describes widespread instances of trafficking in Europe. It discusses the economic ramifications of possible legislation of the sale of body parts and explores ethical issues surrounding the kidney shortage and incentives to promote donation. It also offers arguments for and against compensation for transplant organs from philosophical and religious perspectives.
eBook
The Transplant Patient
Organ transplantation is an essential element of treatment for a wide range of diseases, but despite increasing surgical success rates there remain many other issues affecting selection of patients and clinical outcome with which clinicians and patients themselves must be familiar. Originally published in 2000, this book reviews psychosocial, psychiatric and ethical aspects of organ transplantation in a uniquely authoritative way. Drawing heavily on the pioneering work of the Pittsburgh transplant team, it surveys the essentials of transplantation biology before engaging with a range of topics fundamental to the success of the procedure and the quality of life of recipients and donors alike. The interdisciplinary approach and the authority of the contributors will make this book of value to anyone with an interest in organ transplantation procedures.
eBook
XENO : the promise of transplanting animal organs into humans
The majority of patients in need of organ transplants do not survive long enough for a suitable human organ to become available. Xenotransplantation, the transplant of animal organs into humans, has attracted substantial media attention. If, as appears likely, it proves possible to “humanize” animal organs and evade the problems of rejection, in the coming few years there will be a tremendous increase in this procedure, mostly using organs from animals specifically for their harvestable organs. This book will lay out the potential and promise of the technique, the history of organ transplantation, the technical problems and breakthroughs in overcoming immune rejection, and typing and humanizing donor organs for transplantation. The ethical question of growing animals specifically for organ harvest, and the substantial public health concern from the certainty that animal viruses will pass into humans with the donated organs, will be fully discussed. The authors are among the leaders in the field of Xenotransplantation.
eBook
Moral conflicts of organ retrieval : a case for constructive pluralism
This book addresses ethical conflicts arising from saving the lives of patients who need a transplant while treating living and dead donors, organ sellers, animals, and embryos with proper moral regard. Our challenge is to develop a better world in the light of debatable values and uncertain consequences.
eBook
Legal and ethical aspects of organ transplantation
Professor David Price gives a comprehensive analysis of existing laws and policies governing transplantation practices around the world. He examines the meaning of death, cadaver organ procurement policies, use of living donors, trading in human organs, experimental transplant procedures and xenotransplantation, identifying challenges and strategies, current practices and future developments.
eBook
Organ Transplantation and Society
The evolution of medicine is one of the outstanding features of the past century. The progress achieved by organ transplants is particularly important in this regard. Transplant medicine has progressed massively, but, due to insufficient social donation responses, waiting patient lists increase and the sad consequences of this reality persist indefinitely. This book provides a thorough analysis of the problems presented by organ transplants and social behaviour. It interprets the evolution of transplantation, and its associated medical, ethical-legal, psychosocial and religious problems, as well as educational proposals that have accompanied this medical practice over time. It will serve to provide, at all societal levels, the possibility of a clear understanding of this serious health crisis.
eBook
Transplant Tourism
Transplant Tourism: An International and National Law Model to Prohibit Travelling Abroad for Illegal Organ Transplants explores the role that international and national laws must play in the prohibition and eradication of transplant tourism and proposes a three-stage legal model for the prohibition of the practices. Through the examination of international law norms, principles and instruments; laws and policies from several legal systems; and legal frameworks and models which currently prohibit a number of national, transnational and international offences, this publication focuses on the creation of a comprehensive soft law instrument on transplant tourism, a treaty on transplant tourism and unified national transplant tourism laws with extraterritorial application in accordance with the principles and spirit of the international law instruments.
eBook