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A research agenda for transport policy
Everyone has an opinion on transport: it significantly affects daily lives. This book highlights key transport opportunities and challenges, and identifies research requirements to inform policy discussion and support better societal outcomes. It does this by scanning across modes, continents, technologies and socio-economic settings, looking for common threads, points of difference and opportunities to make a difference. The book should appeal to prospective post-graduate students, professionals in transport and related fields, and those interested in better places and good discussions.
Book
New Perspectives and Methods in Transport and Social Exclusion Research
Presents findings of a successful, international research project exploring links between social exclusion (SE), transport disadvantage (TD) and psychological well being (WB). This title examines fresh perspectives in relation to social capital and WB and developing various economic methods to estimate the marginal value of additional travel.
eBook
Effects of built environment and weather on bike sharing demand: a station level analysis of commercial bike sharing in Toronto
Bike Share Toronto is Canada’s second largest public bike share system. It provides a unique case study as it is one of the few bike share programs located in a relatively cold North American setting, yet operates throughout the entire year. Using year-round historical trip data, this study analyzes the factors affecting Toronto’s bike share ridership. A comprehensive spatial analysis provides meaningful insights on the influences of socio-demographic attributes, land use and built environment, as well as different weather measures on bike share ridership. Empirical models also reveal significant effects of road network configuration (intersection density and spatial dispersion of stations) on bike sharing demands. The effect of bike infrastructure (bike lane, paths etc.) is also found to be crucial in increasing bike sharing demand. Temporal changes in bike share trip making behavior were also investigated using a multilevel framework. The study reveals a significant correlation between temperature, land use and bike share trip activity. The findings of the paper can be translated to guidelines with the aim of increasing bike share activity in urban centers.
Journal Article
Travel mode choice and travel satisfaction: bridging the gap between decision utility and experienced utility
Over the past decades research on travel mode choice has evolved from work that is informed by utility theory, examining the effects of objective determinants, to studies incorporating more subjective variables such as habits and attitudes. Recently, the way people perceive their travel has been analyzed with transportation-oriented scales of subjective well-being, and particularly the satisfaction with travel scale. However, studies analyzing the link between travel mode choice (i.e., decision utility) and travel satisfaction (i.e., experienced utility) are limited. In this paper we will focus on the relation between mode choice and travel satisfaction for leisure trips (with travel-related attitudes and the built environment as explanatory variables) of study participants in urban and suburban neighborhoods in the city of Ghent, Belgium. It is shown that the built environment and travel-related attitudes—both important explanatory variables of travel mode choice—and mode choice itself affect travel satisfaction. Public transit users perceive their travel most negatively, while active travel results in the highest levels of travel satisfaction. Surprisingly, suburban dwellers perceive their travel more positively than urban dwellers, for all travel modes.
Journal Article
Chasing the demon : a secret history of the quest for the sound barrier, and the band of American aces who conquered it
\"The New York Times bestselling author of Viper Pilot chronicles another thrilling chapter in American aviation history: the race to break the sound barrier. In the aftermath of World War II, the United States accelerated the development of technologies that would give it an advantage over the Soviet Union. Airpower, combined with nuclear weapons, offered a formidable check on Soviet aggression. In 1947, the United States Air Force was established. Meanwhile, scientists and engineers were pioneering a revolutionary new type of aircraft which could do what no other machine had ever done: reach mach 1--a speed faster than the movement of sound--which pilots called \"the demon.\" Chasing the Demon recreates an era of excitement and danger, adventure and innovation, when the future of the free world was at stake and American ingenuity took the world from the postwar years to the space age. While the pressure to succeed was high, it was unknown whether man or machine could survive such tremendous speeds. A decorated military pilot with years of experience flying supersonic fighter jets, Dan Hampton reveals in-depth the numerous potential hazards that emerged with the Air Force's test flights: controls broke down, engines flamed out, wings snapped, and planes and pilots disintegrated as they crashed into the desert floor. He also introduces the men who pushed the envelope taking the cockpits of these jets, including World War II ace Major Dick Bong and twenty-four-year-old Captain Chuck Yeager, who made history flying the Bell X-1 plane faster than the speed of sound on October 14, 1947. Illustrated with thirty black-and-white photographs, Chasing the Demon recalls this period of the emerging Cold War and the brave adventurers pursing the final frontier in aviation\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Sustainable urban freight transport adopting public transport-based crowdshipping for B2C deliveries
Cities crave innovative logistics solutions dealing with the requirements of the ‘on demand economy’. The paper estimates the willingness to act as a crowdshipper (supply) and to buy a crowdshipping service (demand) to get goods delivered/picked-up in the last mile B2C e-commerce situation. Specifically, it innovates by considering an environmental-friendly crowdshipping based on the use of the mass transit network of the city where parcels customers/crowdshippers pick-up/drop-off goods in automated parcel lockers located either inside the transit stations or in the surroundings. This issue is very important since “standard” crowdshipping is usually not able to reduce congestion and polluting emissions due to the dedicated trips performed using private motorized vehicles. The paper rests on an extensive stated preference survey. The hypothetical scenarios used to acquire both demand (customers’) and supply (crowdshippers’) preferences make use of the most relevant attributes emerging from a preliminary investigation performed in the study context. The investigation is performed in the city of Rome and the metro is the transit system considered. The results are useful in understanding and quantifying the potential of this freight transport strategy for e-commerce in an urban context and in providing local policy makers with a good knowledge base for its future development.
Journal Article
Bounded Rational Choice Behaviour: Applications in Transport
This book brings together frontier research in transportation and travel behaviour on the formulation and estimation of models of bounded rationality to analyse and predict various facets underlying daily activity-travel behaviour. Key behavioural principles and mechanisms relate to simplifying decision complexity by ignoring particular attributes, developing context and task-dependent mental representations, deriving decision heuristics, adding emotional aspects to cognitive assessments of choice options, regret-minimization, semi-compensatory decision rules based on mental effort and risk perception, learning and adaptation, satisfying decision rules and prospect theoretic approaches. The book is important reading for transportation researchers and professionals who are interested in the latest developments in transport demand forecasting. It offers historical reviews of the development of models of bounded rationality in this field of research, and a variety of new concepts and modelling approaches that should be inspirational to both new and experienced researchers in this field of research and application.
eBook
Predicting consumers’ intention to adopt hybrid electric vehicles: using an extended version of the theory of planned behavior model
China is a major energy-consuming country and is under great pressure to improve its energy efficiency as well as reduce its carbon emissions. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), as an energy-efficient transport innovation, have the potential to reduce gasoline consumption, carbon emissions and alleviate environmental problems. Diffusion of HEVs’ adoption is a significant initiative. A sample of 433 respondents has been collected in China to predict the customers’ intention to adopt HEVs, using an extended model of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The empirical results show that the attitude toward HEVs, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (the three primary elements of the TPB model) and personal moral norm partially mediate the effect of consumers’ environmental concern on their intention to adopt HEVs. Consumers’ environmental concern affects the adoption intention indirectly and is significantly positively related to the attitude toward HEVs, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and personal moral norm, which in turn influence the adoption intention positively. The results confirm the appropriateness of the TPB model and verify that the extended TPB model has good explanatory power in predicting consumers’ intention to adopt HEVs. Based on the empirical results, we discuss the implications for promoting the adoption of HEVs and provide suggestions for future study.
Journal Article