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In this paper, we design a kind of cart that uses ultrasonic module to realize automatic target following, which can realize high-precision target following. Existing following methods have distance and hardware limitations, this paper uses a single transceiver ultrasonic module to form a triangle with the target to follow the target by comparing the length of the distance between the two sides, the hardware cost is low and less interference can be stabilized following. We also designed a host computer to facilitate the control of the cart. Finally, we tested the following ability of the trolley, and the results show that the trolley’s steering reaction speed can meet the requirements, and the following is accurate and fast.

In recent years, China’s transport industry has been booming, and among them, rail transport plays a crucial role. Along with the track laying volume and mileage of continuous growth, the track of the daily inspection work burden is increasing, the current track inspection in China is still in the manual inspection stage, it is difficult to ensure the safety of workers, so a stable, accurate, lightweight track inspection vehicle has become the development of the general trend. The core of this design is the use of Arduino as a motherboard, non-contact track detection, the ability to use the appropriate sensors to detect the track of the super-high problem, while being able to use the camera on the collection of track line information, fast and stable on the track whether there is a foreign body and the track surface levelling for the collection and sent to the upper computer, in the upper computer for subsequent image processing.

With the advent of the Internet of Things era, the detection and recognition of moving objects is becoming increasingly important1. The current motion detection and recognition (MDR) technology based on the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors (CIS) platform contains redundant sensing, transmission conversion, processing and memory modules, rendering the existing systems bulky and inefficient in comparison to the human retina. Until now, non-memory capable vision sensors have only been used for static targets, rather than MDR. Here, we present a retina-inspired two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure based retinomorphic hardware device with all-in-one perception, memory and computing capabilities for the detection and recognition of moving trolleys. The proposed 2D retinomorphic device senses an optical stimulus to generate progressively tuneable positive/negative photoresponses and memorizes it, combined with interframe differencing computations, to achieve 100% separation detection of moving trichromatic trolleys without ghosting. The detected motion images are fed into a conductance mapped neural network to achieve fast trolley recognition in as few as four training epochs at 10% noise level, outperforming previous results from similar customized datasets. The prototype demonstration of a 2D retinomorphic device with integrated perceptual memory and computation provides the possibility of building compact, efficient MDR hardware.A retina-inspired two-dimensional material based retinomorphic device exhibits all-in-one perception, memory and computing capabilities for motion detection and recognition.

In 2017, the German ethics commission for automated and connected driving released 20 ethical guidelines for autonomous vehicles. It is now up to the research and industrial sectors to enhance the development of autonomous vehicles based on such guidelines. In the current state of the art, we find studies on how ethical theories can be integrated. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no framework for motion planning has yet been published which allows for the true implementation of any practical ethical policies. This paper makes four contributions: Firstly, we briefly present the state of the art based on recent works concerning unavoidable accidents of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and identify further need for research. While most of the research focuses on decision strategies in moral dilemmas or crash optimization, we aim to develop an ethical trajectory planning for all situations on public roads. Secondly, we discuss several ethical theories and argue for the adoption of the theory “ethics of risk.” Thirdly, we propose a new framework for trajectory planning, with uncertainties and an assessment of risks. In this framework, we transform ethical specifications into mathematical equations and thus create the basis for the programming of an ethical trajectory. We present a risk cost function for trajectory planning that considers minimization of the overall risk, priority for the worst-off and equal treatment of people. Finally, we build a connection between the widely discussed trolley problem and our proposed framework.

The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of culture on the situational and psychological factors affecting moral judgements. Thus, we empirically tested the universality of the effects of intent and personal force on moral dilemma judgements by replicating the experiments of Greene et al. in 45 countries from all inhabited continents. We found that personal force and its interaction with intention exert influence on moral judgements in the US and Western cultural clusters, replicating and expanding the original findings. Moreover, the personal force effect was present in all cultural clusters, suggesting it is culturally universal. The evidence for the cultural universality of the interaction effect was inconclusive in the Eastern and Southern cultural clusters (depending on exclusion criteria). We found no strong association between collectivism/individualism and moral dilemma judgements.Including participants from 45 countries, Bago et al. find that the situational factors that affect moral reasoning are shared across countries, with diminished observed cultural variation.

In order to improve the construction efficiency of the bolt support process, after the full mechanical operation is changed to semi-mechanized operation, the phenomenon of loose anchor and non-anchor appears, and the grouting function is still completed by manpower or the next grouting part of the bolt trolley, which leads to complicated construction procedures, poor environment, low application rate of bolt trolley and so on. Therefore, according to the engineering needs, the bolt installation device is designed based on CREO, and the transient dynamic analysis of the bevel gear pair, which is the core part of the device, is carried out by using ANSYS software. The results show that the design meets the strength and construction requirements. The device integrates the functions of inserting anchor, locking anchor and grouting. It adopts a double drive motor and can realize the continuity of the working procedure of “installing bolt-grouting” or “grouting-installing bolt”. It has the advantages of an ingenious structure, convenient maintenance, high interchangeability of parts, higher functional integration, and reduced self-weight of the bolt head. The reliability and safety of bolt support are greatly improved, and the efficiency of bolt support and the utilization rate of the trolley are also improved, which can provide a design reference for the optimization of bolt heads.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the elevator, regular inspection must be carried out on the elevator according to the requirements of TSG T7001-2009 Elevator Supervision inspection and periodic inspection rules. Elevator regular inspection needs to use some common electrical inspection tools including multimeter, clamp flowmeter, feeler, tachometer and other equipment. Due to the large number of detection tools, it is not easy to carry and place. To prevent parts and testing tools from sliding and accident risk. Therefore, this paper designs and studies a portable elevator detection tool vehicle to solve the above problems. The device is capable of simultaneously moving and placing disassembled parts and testing tools. And can protect important inspection tools.

For the first time in history, automated vehicles (AVs) are being deployed in populated environments. This unprecedented transformation of our everyday lives demands a significant undertaking: endowing complex autonomous systems with ethically acceptable behavior. We outline how one prominent, ethically relevant component of AVs—driving behavior—is inextricably linked to stakeholders in the technical, regulatory, and social spheres of the field. Whereas humans are presumed (rightly or wrongly) to have the “common sense” to behave ethically in new driving situations beyond a standard driving test, AVs do not (and probably should not) enjoy this presumption. We examine, at a high level, how to test the common sense of an AV. We start by reviewing discussions of “driverless dilemmas,” adaptions of the traditional “trolley dilemmas” of philosophy that have sparked discussion on AV ethics but have limited use to the technical and legal spheres. Then, we explain how to substantially change the premises and features of these dilemmas (while preserving their behavioral diagnostic spirit) in order to lay the foundations for a more practical and relevant framework that tests driving common sense as an integral part of road rules testing.

High-voltage transmission and distribution lines use circuit breaker switchgear for stopping and feeding operations. Therefore, if abnormal emergencies in circuit breaker shutdown and transmission, it is urgent to carry out remote control switching to solve the problem that the circuit breaker cannot be operated with power when the remote control fails. This paper develops a trolley type circuit breaker switchgear remote emergency control shunting device, which can remotely shunt the circuit breakers on the switchgear and sink control cabinet manually in situ. And we also discusses the hardware and software design principle as well as the advantage analysis to ensure the personal safety of the operators on site and provide reference for improving the safety, economy, flexibility and reliability of the power grid.