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"Truth commissions Peru."
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Competing memories : truth and reconciliation in Sierra Leone and Peru
\"The aftermath of modern conflicts, deeply rooted in political, economic and social structures, leaves pervasive and often recurring legacies of violence. Addressing past injustice is therefore fundamental not only for societal well-being and peace, but also for future conflict prevention. In recent years, truth and reconciliation commissions have become important but contentious mechanisms for conflict resolution and reconciliation. This book fills a significant gap, examining the importance of context within transitional justice and peace-building. It lays out long-term and often unexpected indirect effects of formal and informal justice processes. Offering a novel conceptual understanding of 'procedural reconciliation' on the societal level, it features an in-depth study of commissions in Peru and Sierra Leone, providing a critical analysis of the contribution and challenges facing transitional justice in post-conflict societies. It will be of interest to scholars and students of comparative politics, international relations, human rights and conflict studies\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Pasados contemporáneos
La necesidad, urgencia y pertinencia de continuar avanzando en los estudios sobre violaciones de los derechos humanos, memoria social y violencia en América Latina, se hace explícita en este libro, pese a las adversidades provenientes de los discursos de banalización o descrédito y de las operaciones de consumo masivo que, sobre estas cuestiones, han desplegado ciertos lenguajes políticos e industrias culturales en el presente. Para ello, se integran perspectivas provenientes de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades, en las que convergen los ámbitos jurídico, político y ético, la crítica literaria y cultural, los estudios sobre visualidad, la historia y la psicología social.
Los trabajos acá compilados asumen también la exigencia de una revisión crítica de los supuestos teóricos que permiten aproximarse a estos fenómenos, de las herramientas metodológicas disponibles y de la mediación que necesariamente se da respecto de los modelos de reflexión construidos en otros hemisferios y contextos. [Texto de la editorial]
eBook
Wartime Sexual Violence in Guatemala and Peru
This article is a comparative analysis of sexual violence perpetrated by state armed forces during the Guatemalan and Peruvian civil wars. Focusing on the type of violation and the context in which it occurs provides new insights into the motives behind its use in war. It introduces a new data set on sexual violence compiled from truth commission documents and nongovernmental human rights organizations' reports. The data reveal that members of the state armed forces perpetrated the majority of victims of sexual violations, that rape and gang rape are the most frequent but not the only abuses committed, and that women are the overwhelming majority of victims of sexual violence. Aggregate patterns suggest that state authorities must have known of mass sexual abuse and failed to act in accordance with international law. Moreover, some evidence suggests sexual violence is used as a weapon of war. However, mono-causal models cannot sufficiently account for the variation and complexity in its use. Even within the same conflict, sexual violence can serve multiple functions in different contexts and as different points in time.
Journal Article
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the Law of Prior Consultation
A study informed by long-term fieldwork with Amazonian and Andean indigenous peoples examines their experiences of Peru’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Law of Prior Consultation. It engages with these efforts, which sought to address injustice by creating a new pact between the state and its indigenous citizens, their various failures, and the unintended opportunities that they have created for the political participation of indigenous peoples and their representatives.
Un estudio basado en el trabajo de campo a largo plazo con los pueblos indígenas amazónicas y andinos examine sus experiencias de la Comisión de Verdad y Reconciliación y la Ley de Consulta Previa de Perú, que buscaba abordar la injusticia creando un nuevo pacto entre el estado y sus ciudadanos indígenas. Aborda sus diversos fracasos y las oportunidades no previstas que han creado para la participación políticas de los pueblos indígenas y sus representantes.
Journal Article
Who’s Sorry Now? Government Apologies, Truth Commissions, and Indigenous Self-Determination in Australia, Canada, Guatemala, and Peru
Official apologies and truth commissions are increasingly utilized as mechanisms to address human rights abuses. Both are intended to transform inter-group relations by marking an end point to a history of wrongdoing and providing the means for political and social relations to move beyond that history. However, state-dominated reconciliation mechanisms are inherently problematic for indigenous communities. In this paper, we examine the use of apologies, and truth and reconciliation commissions in four countries with significant indigenous populations: Canada, Australia, Peru, and Guatemala. In each case, the reconciliation mechanism differentiated the goal of reconciliation from an indigenous self-determination agenda. The resulting state-centered strategies ultimately failed to hold states fully accountable for past wrongs and, because of this, failed to transform inter-group relations.
Journal Article
The Ironic Legacy of an Opus Dei Bishop
Since the end of the civil war, the diocese of Abancay in the south-central Peruvian Andes has produced a clergy made up entirely of men born and raised in the diocese where they now work. Yet, ironically, this diocese was specifically criticized by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission for its lack of engagement with local Andean populations. Abancay is a politically and theologically conservative diocese strongly influenced by the Opus Dei bishop who trained this generation of native clergy, but it is also a diocese in the process of forging a new relationship between Andeanness and institutional Catholicism.
Desde el final de la guerra civil, la diócesis de Abancay, en los Andes peruanos del centro-sur, ha producido un clero formado exclusivamente por hombres nacidos y criados en la diócesis donde trabajan actualmente. Sin embargo, irónicamente, esta diócesis fue criticada específicamente por la Comisión de la Verdad y la Reconciliación por su falta de compromiso con las poblaciones andinas locales. Abancay es una diócesis política y teológicamente conservadora fuertemente influenciada por el obispo perteneciente al Opus Dei que formó a esta generación de clérigos nativos, pero también es una diócesis en el proceso de forjar una nueva relación entre la identidad andina y el catolicismo institucional.
Journal Article
Righting Unrightable Wrongs: Legacies of Racial Violence and the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission
The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission (GTRC)-the first truth and reconciliation commission ever funded and seated in the United States-was formed in 2000 in response to a Ku Klux Klan shooting of labor activists that occurred in 1979 in Greensboro, North Carolina. Despite overwhelming video and photographic evidence of the Ku Klux Klan and American Nazi Party firing weapons into a crowd and killing five people, no one was ever held criminally liable for the deaths of the activists. In 1999 local community organizers began advocating for a truth and reconciliation process modeled after truth commissions in South Africa and Peru. In a broadly conceived qualitative approach that utilizes open-ended interviews and archival research, this project explores the truth process in Greensboro, focusing on the ways in which community members address legacies and memories of violence through reconciliation and grassroots politics. The research exposes the connections between the memory of violence and territoriality to wider academic scrutiny, examines the legacies of violence and race in North America, and contributes to larger discussions surrounding the impact that violence and race have in North American communities.
Journal Article
Truth with Consequences: Justice and Reparations in Post-Truth Commission Peru
Truth commissions have become key mechanisms in transitional justice schemes in post conflict societies in order to assure transitions to peace, the rule of law, and respect for human rights. However, few studies examine what must happen to ensure that the transition process initiated by a truth commission successfully continues after the commission concludes its truth-gathering work and submits its final report. This article argues that while attention often focuses on prosecutions and institutional reforms, reparations also play a critical role. The authors share their observations of how government agencies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), civil society sectors and victim-survivor's associations struggle over reparations in post truth commission Peru, offering a preliminary analysis of key theoretical suppositions about transitional justice: they explore whether the act of telling the truth to an official body is something that helps or hinders a victim-survivor in his or her own recovery process, and whether in giving testimonies victim-survivors place particular demands upon the state. The authors conclude that while testimony giving may possibly have temporary cathartic effects, it must be followed by concrete actions. Truth tellers make an implicit contract with their interlocutors to respond through acknowledgment and redress. Oh, why should I remember all of that again? From the top of my head to the bottom of my feet, from the bottom of my feet to the top of my head--I've told what happened here so many times. And for what? Nothing ever changes.
Journal Article
Human rights trade-offs in times of economic growth : the long-term capability impacts of extractive-led development
This book uncovers a historical dependency on smelting activities that has trapped inhabitants of La Oroya, Peru, in a context of systemic lack of freedom.La Oroya has been named one of the most polluted places on the planet by the US Blacksmith Institute.
eBook