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"Tunnel construction"
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Evaluating fault stability near tunnels: a numerical parametric study and a dimensionless safety approach
Ensuring the stability of faults near a tunnel is crucial for safety during excavation. This study presents a comprehensive numerical parametric analysis to evaluate fault stability in the context of tunnel construction. The analysis examines several key parameters, including fault mechanical properties, tunnel depth, fault angle, tunnel size, the distance between the fault and tunnel, and the initial stress state of the surrounding rock. These factors significantly affect stress distribution and potential fault movement, which are critical for maintaining tunnel stability. The findings emphasize the importance of specific factors, such as fault angle, the ratio of tunnel size to fault distance, and the initial stress state, in determining fault stability. To account for the interaction between these variables, a dimensionless parameter is developed, incorporating all these factors into a simplified metric for assessing the factor of safety in fault stability. A strong correlation between this dimensionless parameter and the factor of safety is established, offering a reliable method with minimal error. Finally, a case study is presented to verify the proposed safety approach, demonstrating its ability to accurately predict both the factor of safety and the location of fault slipping.
Journal Article
Application of CO₂ fracturing blasting in mountain tunnel construction adjacent to existing structures
As a novel rock-breaking technique, CO₂ fracturing blasting demonstrates distinct advantages in mountain tunnel construction adjacent to existing structures, characterized by minimal environmental disturbance and enhanced operational safety. However, under the premise of predefined safety protection objectives, research on the control of CO₂ fracturing energy release remains notably limited. This study investigates the phase-transition pressurization mechanism and process characteristics of CO₂ fracturing blasting. The energy released by a CO₂ fracturing device generating a peak pressure of 280 MPa was calculated quantitatively. Subsequently, a comprehensive safety verification methodology for CO₂ fracturing energyis proposed. Furthermore, an integrated quality control system encompassing parameter optimization, unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring, and vibration surveillance was developed and established. This system was successfully implemented in practical engineering applications, demonstrating promising potential for broader adoption in similar projects.
Journal Article
Study on risk assessment of tunnel construction across mined-out region based on combined weight-two-dimensional cloud model
In this thesis, a risk assessment framework based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model is proposed for the risk assessment problem of crossing the mined-out region in tunnel construction. The subjective weights of the indicators are determined by the G1 method, the objective weights are determined by the improved CRITIC method combined with the Random Forest (RF) machine learning method, and the combined weights are calculated using the game-theoretic combination assignment method. On this basis, a two-dimensional cloud model was constructed to merge the risk frequency and consequence degree to comprehensively assess tunnel construction’s safety risk across the mined-out region. Taking the construction project of Huayingshan Tunnel construction in Linshui County of Sichuan Province as an example, the risk cloud eigenvalues of each assessment indicator were derived through expert scoring and weight calculation, and the risk cloud diagram was drawn using MATLAB software for analysis. The results show that the risk of Huayingshan Tunnel construction is medium risk, in which environmental and geological safety, construction safety, and structural stability are the main risk sources. This thesis provides a new method for the safety assessment of tunnel construction across the mined-out region, which can effectively assess and control the safety risk during tunnel construction.
Journal Article
Multi-Information Fusion Based on BIM and Intuitionistic Fuzzy D-S Evidence Theory for Safety Risk Assessment of Undersea Tunnel Construction Projects
Safety risk assessment is essential in ensuring the smooth construction of undersea tunnels. Obtaining reasonable safety risk assessment results requires multi-source information that enjoys static and dynamic attributes. However, acquiring and utilizing such uncertain information creates difficulties in the decision-making process. Therefore, this paper proposes a safety risk assessment approach based on building information modeling (BIM), intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) theory, and Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory. Firstly, an undersea tunnel construction collapse risk evaluation index system is established to clarify the information requirements of the pre-construction and construction stages. The semantic information of the BIM geometric model is then enriched through industry foundation classes (IFC) extension to match the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process, with BIM technology used to assist in information acquisition and risk visualization. Finally, based on the intuitionistic fuzzy D-S evidence theory, multi-information fusion is performed to dynamically determine safety risk levels. Specifically, IFS theory is utilized for basic probability assignments (BPAs) determination before applying D-S evidence theory. The conflicting evidence is dealt with by reliability calculation based on the normalized Hamming distance between pairs of IFSs, while safety risk levels are accomplished with score functions of intuitionistic fuzzy values (IFVs). The proposed method is applied to collapse risk assessment in the karst developed area of a shield tunnel construction project in Dalian, China, and the feasibility and effectiveness are verified. The novelty of the proposed method lies in: (1) information collaboration between the BIM model and the dynamic safety risk assessment process being realized through IFC-based semantic enrichment and Dynamo programming to enhance the decision-making process and (2) the introduction of IFS theory to improve the applicability of D-S evidence theory in expressing fuzziness and hesitation during multi-information fusion. With the proposed method, dynamic safety risk assessment of undersea tunnel construction projects can be performed under uncertainty, fuzziness, and a conflicting environment, while the safety risk perception can be enhanced through visualization.
Journal Article
A Knowledge–Data Dual-Driven Groundwater Condition Prediction Method for Tunnel Construction
This paper introduces a knowledge–data dual-driven method for predicting groundwater conditions during tunnel construction. Unlike existing methods, our approach effectively integrates trend characteristics of apparent resistivity from detection results with geological distribution characteristics and expert insights. This dual-driven strategy significantly enhances the accuracy of the prediction model. The intelligent prediction process for tunnel groundwater conditions proceeds in the following steps: First, the apparent resistivity data matrix is obtained from transient electromagnetic detection results and standardized. Second, to improve data quality, trend characteristics are extracted from the apparent resistivity data, and outliers are eliminated. Third, expert insights are systematically integrated to fully utilize prior information on groundwater conditions at the construction face, leading to the establishment of robust predictive models tailored to data from various construction surfaces. Finally, the relevant prediction segment is extracted to complete the groundwater condition forecast.
Journal Article
The Safety Risk Assessment of Mine Metro Tunnel Construction Based on Fuzzy Bayesian Network
With the acceleration of urbanization, the construction of urban subway tunnel networks is advancing towards deeper, denser, and larger subterranean forms. Currently, there is a lack of systematic identification and dynamic reasoning analysis of factors throughout the entire process of subway tunnel construction using the mining method. To reduce the probability of accidents and improve safety risk management in the whole process of subway tunnel construction using the mining method, we propose a dynamic safety evaluation method based on Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) and Bayesian Network (BN). Firstly, based on the identification of main stages of the construction process using the Work Breakdown Structure, a safety risk evaluation index system for subway tunnel construction using the mining method was constructed according to the Risk Breakdown Structure. Secondly, by combining Fuzzy Set Theory, the Analytic Hierarchy Process, and the Bayesian Network, we established a dynamic safety risk evaluation model for subway tunnel construction using the mining method, based on FBN. Lastly, taking a large-section tunnel project using the mining method as an example, the effectiveness and accuracy of this model were verified. The results showed: (1) Causal reasoning analysis indicated that, under the condition of known prior probability, if the case reasoning result is greater than 5%, there is a significant possibility of a safety risk incident. The evaluation results of the model are basically consistent with the actual situation. (2) Diagnostic reasoning analysis revealed that factors such as the tunnel excavation method, the quality of the main waterproof construction, the quality of the detailed construction waterproofing, the design of the monitoring and measurement plan, and the results of the monitoring and measurements, are the main influences on the safety of subway tunnel construction using the mining method. (3) Secondary diagnostic reasoning demonstrated that repeated diagnostic reasoning for the main influencing factors, leading to an investigation path dominated by critical risk factors, can effectively reduce the overall project risk. This research is expected to provide useful insights for the scientific management of safety risks in the construction of subway tunnels using the mining method.
Journal Article
Application of Direct Current Method and Seismic Wave Method in Advanced Detection of TBM Construction Tunnels
Over the past decade, the application of Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) in tunnel construction has increased significantly. During the construction process, numerous unfavorable geological structures, especially water-conducting structures, are encountered. The commonly used Tunnel Seismic Prediction (TSP) method often cannot accurately interpret water-conducting features, while resistivity methods are sensitive to low-resistivity bodies, which are frequently associated with water channels. Due to the limited space and the surrounding pipe lining near the tunnel face, as well as the difficulty in drilling boreholes under TBM construction conditions, this paper proposes a novel electrode arrangement method that replaces rigid electrodes with flexible electrodes installed on the sidewalls. This approach overcomes the difficulty of deploying traditional electrodes downward in TBM tunnels. A simple direct current resistivity configuration was employed for field testing during the construction of the Guiyang Metro Line 3 TBM tunnel, and the results were compared with those from the Tunnel Seismic Prediction (TSP) method. The experimental results demonstrate that the improved DC resistivity method achieves high detection accuracy for water-conducting structures within a range of 30 m, showing strong consistency with the TSP detection results. This validates the feasibility and accuracy of the method, effectively addressing the challenges associated with traditional electrode deployment in TBM tunnels while compensating for the limited response of seismic methods to water-bearing structures. However, the effectiveness near the tunnel face remains suboptimal, with insufficient current distribution—an area requiring improvement, potentially by increasing forward current supply or further optimizing the electrode layout. Additionally, the study highlights the limitations of relying solely on a single advanced prospecting method. It suggests adopting an integrated approach, primarily based on seismic methods supplemented by electrical methods, to enable joint detection and interpretation, thereby minimizing the risk of accidents during construction.
Journal Article