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Declassified documents from the \"Crane Collection\" at the National Archives (USA) reveal much of the cryptanalytical collaboration that defeated the German Naval Enigma machine. As researchers continue to work through these papers, new light is shed on that relationship. In May, 2002 a manuscript, typed and handwritten, by Alan M. Turing was found by the author in the \"Crane Collection\". Written at the time of his United States visit during the winter of 1942-1943, it reflects Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) interests and skepticism regarding the US Naval Intelligence (OP-20-G) effort to independently design and construct its own rapid analytical machines (RAMs).

The bombe was an electromechanical machine devised by Alan Turing and Gordon Welchman for breaking the. German Enigma cipher in World War II. The way in which it used a reductio ad absurdum logic to reduce 26 3 possibilities to a few is a unique example of ingenious circuit design, which is described in detail. Its relationship to the Polish version of the 'bombe' is explored. The importance of the diagonal board is shown as is the threat that this device faced from the German's use of the 'Enigma-Uhr'.

We set the Turing Test in the historical context of the development of machine intelligence, describe the different forms of the test and its rationale, and counter common misinterpretations and objections. Recently published material by Turing casts fresh light on his thinking.

Recently declassified documents from the \"Crane Collection\" at the National Archives (USA) reveal much of the purpose of Alan Turing's visit to the United States during the Winter of 1942-1943. The \"Bombe Correspondence\" file contains Turing's \"Visit To National Cash Register Corporation of Dayton, Ohio\" and additional material which places this report and his earlier \"Treatise on the Enigma\" in the context of his role as consultant to the U. S. Navy Cryptanalytic Section (Op-20-G) on the design of the Navy Bombe and other related matters. The documents in this collection reveal a productive and decisive relationship between Turing and Op-20-G dating from the visit of the Sinkov mission to Bletchley Park in February 1941.