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"UNIVERSITY STRUCTURES"
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The Greek System: How Gender Inequality and Class Privilege Perpetuate Rape Culture
Sexual assault on college campuses is a pervasive public health issue. It is important to examine factors particular to universities that influence occurrences of sexual assault and people's perceptions of sexual assault. Using a lens of socialist feminism, we argue that institutional and sociocultural factors related to gender and class privilege on college campuses are due to patterns of power and control in university systems that contribute to the occurrence and facilitation of sexual assault. Our synthesis of the literature focuses on the male-dominated party culture of the primarily White Greek system in American universities, which is reinforced by the university as an institution. We discuss how patterns of power and control dictate and influence contemporary campus norms in relation to gender and class, which then perpetuate sexual assault. We provide recommendations for policies and procedures regarding class and gender inequities in the scope of sexual violence on college campuses.
Journal Article
Studying geodesy and geoinformatics - a German university perspective
This paper describes the discipline of geodesy and geoinformatics with a focus on university studies and career opportunities. It is shown how the discipline contributes to the solutions of major societal challenges such as sustainable development, mobility, and global change. Then, the structure of German universities is shortly reviewed, followed by an overview of where in the country the discipline can be studied. Finally, the example of Leibniz University Hannover, one of the prime centers of excellence in the field, is described in more detail with a focus on the M.Sc. programme. We hope to encourage young talents to consider this exciting field of studies for their future career.
Journal Article
A Feminist Analysis of Campus Sexual Assault Policies: Results from a National Sample
Institutions of higher education (IHEs) in the United States are obligated to address sexual assault on campus under the Clery Act and Title IX, and a recent surge in societal interest in sexual assault among college students has prompted many IHEs to bolster their response. Little systematic information exists about IHEs' sexual assault policies and services and whether they align with feminist-based models of advocacy. This study examined annual security reports and student handbooks and codes of conduct for a nationally representative sample of 4-year IHEs (N = 387) and assessed IHEs' responses to sexual assault on college campuses through the lens of a feminist-based organizational model. Findings indicate that policies for the sampled IHEs include a mean of 12 of 17policy components' aligned with feminist models, and 4% of sampled IHEs include all 17 components. Implications for improving IHEs' responses to sexual assault in ways consistent with feminist models are discussed.
Journal Article
From Furious to Fearless: Faculty Action and Feminist Praxis in Response to Rape Culture on College Campuses
In this article, we (four faculty members) draw on a specific rape-promoting incident on our campus as a case study for feminist faculty responses to civil rights issues on college campuses. We critically examine the incident and share our multipronged response as faculty members. In so doing, we highlight interdisciplinary activism, the importance of strong visual presence of feminist faculty activism on campus as well as our challenges and dilemmas. As a call to arms, we hope this article inspires other faculty to recognize their power and to take incisive action on their respective campuses.
Journal Article
Studying Geodesy and Geoinformatics - a German university perspective
This paper describes the discipline of geodesy and geoinformatics with a focus on university studies and career opportunities. It is shown how the disciplines contributes to the solutions of major societal challenges such as sustainable development, mobility and global change. Then, the structure of German universities is shortly explained, followed by an overview of where in the country the discipline can be studied. Finally, the example of Leibniz University Hannover, one of the prime centres of excellence in the field, is described in more detail. We thus hope to encourage young talents to consider this exciting field of studies for their future career.
Journal Article
Interdisciplinary environmental and sustainability education: islands of progress in a sea of dysfunction
This essay describes the inequity faced by most interdisciplinary environmental and sustainability (IES) degree programs and the impact of that inequity on student and faculty experiences. Despite the urgent need for IES education and research to solve critical environmental and sustainability challenges, as well as high demand for IES education by students and employers alike, we illustrate and discuss how the majority of IES programs suffer from limited resources or unequal standing relative to the traditional disciplines. Traditional disciplinary departments, which dominate university structures and were created decades before most IES programs, often have a monopolistic grip on hiring, firing, and the tenure-granting process. We argue universities must structurally reform to support IES programs, given that this disciplinary silo problem is so deep-rooted and restrictive. We assert the urgent need for equivalent autonomous status and equivalent resources for IES programs, preferably as schools, colleges, and institutes or centers that have core interdisciplinary faculty and draw upon resources across the university, or for smaller schools as IES departments. We also strongly support initiatives to more effectively support the integration of IES knowledge across all higher education curricula. We conclude with a list of recommendations we believe are necessary to support IES higher education.
Journal Article
Activation of Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trials with a Pharmaceutical for Cancer Patients before and after Post-Millennial Changes of Regulations in Germany and Europe
Shortly after the beginning of the year 2000, multiple legal changes with impacts on the regulatory framework of clinical trials became effective almost simultaneously. They included the European Union (EU) Clinical Trial Directive (CTD) 2001/20 followed by major changes in national drug laws, the change in the legal status of German University Hospitals (1998), and a new disease-related groups (DRG)-based reimbursement system for hospitals in Germany (2000). Together, these changes created enormous bureaucratic and financial inhibition of activation and conduct of academic investigator-initiated clinical trials (IIT). Examples for activating clinical trials in oncology before and after 2004 are outlined and discussed, focussing on extended time frames, the establishment of centralized responsibility structures and the exploding financial consequences. In addition, the evolution of trial numbers and the distribution of trial initiators between “commercial” and “academic” over time are discussed together with the occurrence of clinical registries. At the same time, progress in molecular biology led to a plethora of new targets for effective pharmacological therapy of life-threatening diseases such as cancer, and the overall number of clinical trials has not decreased. Yet, judging the regulatory and administrative hurdles between scientific study design and first-patient on trial before and after 2004 and weighing these against the lack of evidence that this regulation has achieved its goal to enhance patient safety and trial quality, the necessity to completely overhaul this CTD becomes obvious. A main goal of such an initiative should be to minimize bureaucracy. For the specific situation in Germany, relocation of responsibility and freedom to operate in University Hospitals and Medical Faculties back to the physician–scientists and reduction in interference by legal divisions should be a goal as well as increasing the public financial support for IITs.
Journal Article
The analysis of the structure of university positions in Poland using classification methods
Categorical data analysis is a statistical method that can be successfully applied in different scientific areas, such as: social, medical, psychological and political sciences. Classification and segmentation are statistical methods that usually have been used for large quantitative datasets to identify segments in the data, however if applied for categorical data for contingency tables, one may arrive at impressive results as well. This paper presents the use of classification and segmentation methods for categorical data in a contingency table based on real data from Central Statistics on the number of university positions in Polish voivodeships. The authors compare the results of different approaches and provide graphical results using advanced visualization tools, perceptual map (biplot) and dendrogram. Comparative analysis provides information on corresponding categories of academic positions in different voivodeships. All calculations are conducted in R.
Journal Article
Structural and functional model of the entrepreneurial university
PurposeIn the past 30 years, the subject of “Entrepreneurial University” has been very popular in scientific publications, according to the effects of the entrepreneurial university on the urban economy. Researchers have conducted several studies to create an appropriate structure due to the new missions universities had after the introduction of this subject, but these efforts have sometimes led to the parallel work of the established units or the lack of responsible units for some goals within the university.Design/methodology/approachThe main goal of this study is to achieve the structural and functional model of an entrepreneurial university. For this purpose, 54 articles that specifically dealt with the creation and activities of the entrepreneurial university were studied using the thematic analysis method. Two groups of themes were categorized, one related to the structure of the entrepreneur university and the other related to the functions of the entrepreneur university.FindingsIn the structural dimension; this study proposes to introduce the vice-chancellor of technology and entrepreneurship within the university, which has units such as the university incubator, the technology transfer office and other units related to entrepreneurship in its sub-category, and the government–industry relations office in charge of establishing government and industry relations within the university. In addition, to avoid the parallel work of the entrepreneurial units this study suggests using the level of technological readiness as an index for promoting to another unit.Originality/valueThe findings can be used by policymakers in higher education and the national and local governments.
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