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After an American commander threatened Bosnian Serb troops with warplanes and attack helicopters, NATO forces gained entry this weekend to two Bosnian Serb arms depots in eastern Bosnia. NATO had twice been denied access to the depots, in Han Pijesak and Han Kram. And though a Bosnian Serb general, Zdravko Tomimir, had promised entry on Saturday, NATO troops were kept out until an American colonel threatened to use force as A-10 anti-tank planes and Kiowa attack helicopters cruised nearby.

In a section intended to prevent miscommunication of another sort, the guide offers some common-sense advice for soldiers who meet the press for the first time. \"Be honest,\" it says. \"There is nothing wrong with saying, 'I don't know' or 'I can't tell you.' However, never lie to a reporter.\" (The guidelines, interestingly, were prepared at Army headquarters in Europe; in Washington, these rules are honored as much in the breach as in the observance.) While \"A Soldier's Guide to Bosnia-Herzegovina\" also has a pronunciation guide, the 16-page pamphlet that is the Army's official Baedecker for Bosnia is as revealing for what it omits as for what it contains. In its list of 33 essential Serbo-Croatian phrases there is nothing about how to order a beer in a cafe (If anybody wants to know, it's \"Molim, jedno pivo!\"). Or how to ask an attractive woman whether she is free this Friday (\"Vidimo se u petak?\").

\"If you go back even three or four years ago, there was no way that you could have had this kind of consolidation in the industry,\" said Jerrold T. Lundquist, a military industry expert at McKinsey & Company. \"There are new policies that have changed the environment dramatically. To some extent it's the absence of taking action that matters.\" During the ideological wars of the 1980's, industrial policy got a bad name; White House officials avoid the term. \"I don't think this is industrial policy,\" said one official. \"It's supplier management.\" \"Industrial policy is a little like modern art,\" said Felix G. Rohatyn, an investment banker who is an advocate of a wide-ranging industrial policy. \"It's in the eye of the beholder, and there are many different kinds of industrial policy. But military procurement, whether deliberate or not, has been the main industrial policy of this country and it has actually been quite successful.\"

The problem started about 1 P.M. when Army Corps of Engineers technicians at the Washington Aqueduct, which supplies the Pentagon's water, tried to fix a leak in a 30-inch pipe. Typically, authorities in Arlington County, Va., would provide water to the Pentagon whenever the Army Corps repaired its water mains to the Defense Department.

Days after a peace accord is initialed, which could very well happen this weekend, a vanguard of about 1,600 NATO military specialists are to arrive in Bosnia to open headquarters, build satellite communications networks, repair roads and airfields and pave the way for 60,000 heavily armed allied troops, including the 20,000 Americans, NATO and American officials say. Divers have surveyed the few major seaports allowing NATO to determine how many ships can enter, what fuel is available and how long it will take to clean up the ports for full use. This preliminary work will continue throughout the yearlong NATO operation. But NATO plans to move within 72 hours after a formal peace accord is signed, putting the main force into place with the headquarters staff arriving first. Gen. George A. Joulwan, the senior NATO commander, will oversee the operation from Brussels. The NATO field commander will be Adm. Leighton W. Smith, who would probably shuttle between headquarters in Sarajevo and Zagreb, Croatia's capital. Admiral Smith's main ground commander would be Lieut. Gen. M. J. D. Walker of Britain, who is also expected to be based in Sarajevo. Maj. Gen. William L. Nash, who heads the First Armored Division in Germany, would be the American field commander in Tuzla, overseeing the American sector.

When asked for details this afternoon about how the arrangements would work, General Grachev said, \"I would have to draw pictures and show you diagrams.\" Mr. Perry later explained, \"What we agreed on today was a solution for the military control of a Russian brigade that would be operating in an American division.\" \"The plan preserves unity of command but does not require Russian forces to be under NATO command,\" Mr. Perry said. \"We have approved the plan and asked them to continue to work out the details,\" he added, referring to General Joulwan and General Shevtsov. \"There will be one brigade of two or three battalions, depending on what special tasks are assigned to our forces by generals Joulwan and Shevtsov when they do the overall planning,\" General Grachev said. Asked how many soldiers would be involved, he laughed, \"One thousand and one.\" American officers said that would be roughly three Russian battalions.

What are they learning? The following is a sampling from current course catalogues. ERIC SCHMITT National War College, Washington, D.C. Command Decision: Civilian Leadership in War -- Explores the nature of the personal relationships established between modern political leaders and their military lieutenants and the effect these relationships have had on the use of military power. Beginning with the American Civil War, students examine several such relationships to include (among others): Abraham Lincoln and U. S. Grant, Winston Churchill and Alan Brooke, and George Bush and Colin Powell. Human Behavior in War and Combat -- Exposes students to some of the historically based literature on what motivates, for better or worse, human beings in war. Course materials and seminar discussions focus on the face of war and battle from the strategic to the tactical level to give an appreciation of the difficulty of both waging war and motivating individuals in combat. Marine Corps Command and Staff College, Quantico, Va. Civil War Week -- This course examines the national and military strategies of the North and South, and explores the strategic objectives of both belligerents. The focus is on leadership and command, while examining how operational and tactical commanders attempted to achieve their objectives. Highlighting the week are staff visits to Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Operations Other Than War -- The most likely form of military force commitment over the next decade. The course focuses upon the operational categories of operations other than war: insurgency/counterinsurgency, terrorism, peace missions and peacetime contingency operations. Air War College, Montgomery, Ala. Command and Conscience -- In a prudent and practical manner, this course will examine a variety of topics of immediate professional concern to the commander. How does today's commander, for example, resolve the tension inherent in the occasional clash of command responsibility and ethical imperative? To whom or to what does the leader owe the highest loyalty? To his superior? To the Constitution? To his religious/philosophical judgments? Which has priority, mission or men?

\"There is always a rush every day as everyone is trying to sneak in and get some money,\" said Col. Nur ul-Islam, the commander of the Bangladeshi battalion. \"About 50 percent of them sleep here at night. It will be difficult but not impossible to close the port.\" \"The marines here ask me what to expect,\" Corporal Borba said. \"I tell them, don't expect a full-blown-out war. It's a mindset. Don't go in there thinking everyone is your enemy. \"Watch out for crowds. The Somalis can go from being your friends one moment to throwing rocks the next. I have nothing against them. They are very inquisitive; they want to know what is going on. I saw so many people caught in the middle of a firefight not meant for them. I saw the horror Somalis live in.\"

Berlin was conquered by Soviet troops. The American troops took over their sector in West Berlin on July 3, 1945, in accordance with the Yalta agreements. They were greeted as liberators after the horrors of the Soviet occupation.

Three months ago, Greece not only imposed an \"economic embargo\" on the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia for its claim to the name \"Macedonia,\" but also closed its borders to the country's two million citizens. This measure has brought political tensions between the two nations to a personal level. Macedonians can no longer vacation in Greece or even spend the day shopping as before.