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The future of work in America
\"Examines how automation is changing the workforce in the United States as we know it, predicting a continuous decline in manufacturing jobs and an increase in the field of technology.\"-- provided by publisher.
Book
Correction: Effects of gender sensitive language in job listings: A study on real-life user interaction
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308072.].
Journal Article
The chronicle of higher education
Includes separately folded topical sections: Section B, Chronicle review, and Section C, Career network <-Nov. 7 2003> later called: Section C, Careers, . Both previously folded under one cover. Sections occasionally have varying titles, e.g., issue for Feb. 27, 2004 called: Section B, Personal finance; issue for Mar. 26, 2004 called: Section B, Architecture & campus planning.
Book
THE ESTABLISHMENT-LEVEL BEHAVIOR OF VACANCIES AND HIRING
This paper is the first to study vacancies, hires, and vacancy yields at the establishment level in the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey, a large sample of US employers. To interpret the data, we develop a simple model that identifies the flow of new vacancies and the job-filling rate for vacant positions. The fill rate moves counter to aggregate employment but rises steeply with employer growth rates in the cross section. It falls with employer size, rises with worker turnover rates, and varies by a factor of four across major industry groups. We also develop evidence that the employer-level hiring technology exhibits mild increasing returns in vacancies, and that employers rely heavily on other instruments, in addition to vacancies, as they vary hires. Building from our evidence and a generalized matching function, we construct a new index of recruiting intensity (per vacancy). Recruiting intensity partly explains the recent breakdown in the standard matching function, delivers a better-fitting empirical Beveridge curve, and accounts for a large share of fluctuations in aggregate hires. Our evidence and analysis provide useful inputs for assessing, developing, and calibrating theoretical models of search, matching, and hiring in the labor market.
Journal Article
The chronicle of higher education
Includes separately folded topical sections: Section B, Chronicle review, and Section C, Career network <-Nov. 7 2003> later called: Section C, Careers, . Both previously folded under one cover. Sections occasionally have varying titles, e.g., issue for Feb. 27, 2004 called: Section B, Personal finance; issue for Mar. 26, 2004 called: Section B, Architecture & campus planning.
Periodical
Do recessions accelerate routine-biased technological change?
We show that skill requirements in job vacancy postings differentially increased in MSAs that were hit hard by the Great Recession, relative to less hard-hit areas. These increases persist through at least the end of 2015 and are correlated with increases in capital investments, both at the MSA and firm levels. We also find that effects are most pronounced in routine-cognitive occupations, which exhibit relative wage growth as well. We argue that this evidence is consistent with the restructuring of production toward routine- biased technologies and the more-skilled workers that complement them, and that the Great Recession accelerated this process.
Journal Article
Improvising careers : succeed at jobs that don't exist yet
Nanopharmacist? Lunar tour guide? Robotic ethics consultant? Augmented reality content designer? Quantum algorithm programmer? These jobs may not sound familiar now, but they will in due time. The world of work is being transformed. According to the World Economic Forum's The Future of Jobs 2020, over the next ten years over one billion workers are at risk of losing their jobs to robotics, automation, and AI. So that they may explore the tremendous opportunities that lie ahead for today's learners in the workplace of the future, Improvising Careers provides readers with tools to both shape and take advantage of the coming technological innovations. People can prepare for the kinds of work they might be doing as they move into the middle of the twenty-first century by leveraging the insight and socio-historical perspective in Bishop's pragmatic guidebook.
BOOK
The Cyclical Behavior of Equilibrium Unemployment and Vacancies Revisited
Recently, a number of authors have argued that the standard search model cannot generate the observed business-cycle-frequency fluctuations in unemployment and job vacancies, given shocks of a plausible magnitude. We propose a new calibration strategy of the standard model that uses data on the cost of vacancy creation and cyclicality of wages to identify the two key parameters –- the value of nonmarket activity and the bargaining weights. Our calibration implies that the model is consistent with the data. (JEL E24, E32, J31, J63, J64)
Journal Article
Data science for entrepreneurship research
The recent rise of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) is changing markets, politics, organizations, and societies. It also affects the domain of research. Supported by new statistical methods that rely on computational power and computer science—data science methods—we are now able to analyze data sets that can be huge, multidimensional, and unstructured and are diversely sourced. In this paper, we describe the most prominent data science methods suitable for entrepreneurship research and provide links to literature and Internet resources for self-starters. We survey how data science methods have been applied in the entrepreneurship research literature. As a showcase of data science techniques, based on a dataset of 95% of all job vacancies in the Netherlands over a 6-year period with 7.7 million data points, we provide an original analysis of the demand dynamics for entrepreneurial skills in the Netherlands. We show which entrepreneurial skills are particularly important for which type of profession. Moreover, we find that demand for both entrepreneurial and digital skills has increased for managerial positions, but not for others. We also find that entrepreneurial skills were significantly more demanded than digital skills over the entire period 2012–2017 and that the absolute importance of entrepreneurial skills has even increased more than digital skills for managers, despite the impact of datafication on the labor market. We conclude that further studies of entrepreneurial skills in the general population—outside the domain of entrepreneurs—is a rewarding subject for future research.
Journal Article
Hidden diversity of vacancy networks in Prussian blue analogues
Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are a diverse family of microporous inorganic solids, known for their gas storage ability
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, metal-ion immobilization
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, proton conduction
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, and stimuli-dependent magnetic
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,
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, electronic
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and optical
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properties. This family of materials includes the double-metal cyanide catalysts
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,
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and the hexacyanoferrate/hexacyanomanganate battery materials
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,
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. Central to the various physical properties of PBAs is their ability to reversibly transport mass, a process enabled by structural vacancies. Conventionally presumed to be random
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,
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, vacancy arrangements are crucial because they control micropore-network characteristics, and hence the diffusivity and adsorption profiles
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,
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. The long-standing obstacle to characterizing the vacancy networks of PBAs is the inaccessibility of single crystals
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. Here we report the growth of single crystals of various PBAs and the measurement and interpretation of their X-ray diffuse scattering patterns. We identify a diversity of non-random vacancy arrangements that is hidden from conventional crystallographic powder analysis. Moreover, we explain this unexpected phase complexity in terms of a simple microscopic model that is based on local rules of electroneutrality and centrosymmetry. The hidden phase boundaries that emerge demarcate vacancy-network polymorphs with very different micropore characteristics. Our results establish a foundation for correlated defect engineering in PBAs as a means of controlling storage capacity, anisotropy and transport efficiency.
The growth of single-crystal Prussian blue analogues and their analysis using X-ray diffuse scattering reveals diverse, non-random vacancy arrangements and information about the micropore-network characteristics of these materials.
Journal Article