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"Vocabulary Humor."
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\"Reid introduces children and adults to the wondrous waywardness of words in [this book], a ... confection and a wildly unexpected exploration of sound and sense and nonsense\"--P. [4] of cover.
Book
Rome
This chapter contains sections titled:
The Poet of the City
Pimping for Rome
The Problem with Panegyric
Book Chapter
Pragmatics and theory of mind in older adults’ humor comprehension
Jokes understanding is an important part of people’s social life, especially in aging. However, little is known about older adults’ humor understanding and the role of the cognitive skills underpinning social communication, mainly pragmatics and theory of mind (ToM). To fill this gap, we created the Phonological and Mental Jokes (PMJ) task, a fine-grained task distinguishing two types of jokes based on the mentalistic load. The PMJ task was administered, together with the Assessment of Pragmatic Abilities and Cognitive Substrates (APACS) test for pragmatics and the Strange Stories for ToM, to 147 older adults (age-range 60–85). Through structural equation modeling (SEM), we analyzed: i) the latent structure of the PMJ task; ii) the relationships between humor comprehension, pragmatics, and ToM, controlling for other background variables (vocabulary, education, and age). Results revealed a two-latent-factor model for the PMJ task, which separated phonological from mental jokes. Furthermore, pragmatic skills predicted humor comprehension irrespective of the type of joke, whereas the relationship between humor understanding and ToM skills was specific, being significant for mental, but not for phonological, jokes. These results suggest that humor understanding is part of the larger pragmatic competence of older adults and that it may additionally tax ToM skills when reasoning about the mental states of the joke’s characters is required. These findings pave the way to a lifespan consideration of humor in social communication and add to the debate over the relationship between pragmatics and ToM, showing the different role of these abilities in humor.
Journal Article
The Superior person's complete book of words : an orgulous verbal arsenal for everyday use
\"What Bowler manages to do in this omnium gatherum of over 1,000 words that all of us have (very) occasionally heard but have no idea how to use, is not only to provide their definitions (easy enough) but also to offer, for the first time, practical advice on how to use these words in real-life situations, to confound your friends, irritate your enemies, and impress your superiors. Thus the reader will not only learn the meaning of aprosexia, but also how best to use it when filling out their sick leave application form. Sample sentences, in comprehensible and often hilarious prose, are given for every word providing a verbal arsenal potent enough to 'confuse, deter, embarrass, humiliate, puzzle, deceive, disconcert, alarm, insult (and occasionally compliment) everyone' with relative impunity\"--Amazon.com.
Book
Comprehensive study of pre-trained language models: detecting humor in news headlines
The ability to automatically understand and analyze human language attracted researchers and practitioners in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field. Detecting humor is an NLP task needed in many areas, including marketing, politics, and news. However, such a task is challenging due to the context, emotion, culture, and rhythm. To address this problem, we have proposed a robust model called BFHumor, a BERT-Flair-based Humor detection model that detects humor through news headlines. It is an ensemble model of different state-of-the-art pre-trained models utilizing various NLP techniques. We used public humor datasets from the SemEval-2020 workshop to evaluate the proposed model. As a result, the model achieved outstanding performance with 0.51966 as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and 0.62291 as accuracy. In addition, we extensively investigated the underlying reasons behind the high accuracy of the BFHumor model in humor detection tasks. To that end, we conducted two experiments on the BERT model: vocabulary level and linguistic capturing level. Our investigation shows that BERT can capture surface knowledge in the lower layers, syntactic in the middle, and semantic in the higher layers.
Journal Article
Up, tall and high!
Through illustrations and simple text, birds demonstrate the meanings of the words up, tall, and high.
Book
El impacto de las clases basadas en canciones en la motivación de estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera
A pesar de décadas de investigación sobre el impacto motivacional de las canciones en las aulas de Inglés como Lengua Extranjera (ELE), muchos educadores aún desconocen su potencial. Este estudio analiza cómo los estudiantes de ELE perciben su proceso de aprendizaje cuando se incorporan lecciones basadas en canciones. Las canciones se reconocen como herramientas valiosas para lograr objetivos de aprendizaje lingüístico tanto individuales como grupales. Ofrecen un enfoque multifacético que abarca la inmersión cultural, la adquisición de vocabulario, la mejora de la comprensión auditiva, la facilitación de la aplicación de la gramática y el desarrollo de diversas habilidades lingüísticas, todo ello presentado dentro de una estructura rítmica. Reconocer el impacto de la música en el estado de ánimo y la motivación es crucial. La investigación en esta área es esencial para comprender cómo canciones específicas influyen en los niveles de motivación. Al investigar estos efectos, los educadores pueden elegir música que optimice los entornos de aprendizaje y apoye a los estudiantes en la consecución de sus objetivos académicos. Las canciones sirven como herramientas poderosas en las aulas de ELE, proporcionando un enfoque atractivo para el aprendizaje de idiomas en múltiples niveles. Comprender su impacto en el estado de ánimo y la motivación permite a los educadores aprovechar estos beneficios y mejorar la experiencia general de aprendizaje para los estudiantes.
Journal Article
SOME LEXICAL ASPECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FRENCH AND ROMANIAN. LUDIC CREATION
The past century witnessed a dynamic process in the lexicon of languages, in terms of both borrowings and newly created words. Since the beginning of 2020, the phenomenon of the Covid-19 pandemic has provoked a significant increase in the number of words in all languages, thus bringing many changes on social and psychological levels, interfering both in the life of each citizen and in the daily vocabulary. In its first part, this paper intends to make a brief presentation of the French and Romanian dictionaries and minidictionaries in which the pandemic vocabulary plays an important role, including the most popular ones, such as Le Petit Robert and Le Petit Larousse illustré (2022), the new edition of DOOM - The Orthographic, Orthoepic and Morphology Dictionary of the Romanian Language, published by the end of 2021, but also online dictionaries such as Lexiques et vocabulaire published by the Canadian Government in April 2021, Mini-dicționar de pandemie COVID-19 - A Pandemic Minidictionary by Ghenadie Râbaciov, etc. The second part of the paper concentrates on some atypical dictionaries in order to underline their importance in a specific type of perception of the phenomenon called the Covid-19 pandemic. These dictionaries integrate the ludic creation of words, manifested in two different ways: one involving humour, the other simply playing with internalised definitions of certain words from the newly created vocabulary. The diversity of examples allows a reflection on word formation, with the conclusion that the most frequent processes are affixation, compounding, and the creation of portmanteau words. This last process is particularly well represented by Olivier Auroy's Dicorona (2020), while with the Mic dicționar literar de pandemie - Small literary dictionary of the pandemic (2020) created by the Romanian journal Scena9, we have interesting definitions of words belonging to this newly created vocabulary.
Journal Article