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Honour, Violence and Emotions in History
Honour, Violence and Emotions in History is the first book to draw on emerging cross-disciplinary scholarship on the study of emotions to analyse the history of honour and violence across a broad range of cultures and regions. Written by leading cultural and social historians from around the world, the book considers how emotions - particularly shame, anger, disgust, jealousy, despair and fear - have been provoked and expressed through culturally-embedded and historically specific understandings of honour. The collection explores a range of contexts, from 17th-century China to 18th-century South Africa and 20th-century Europe, offering a broad and wide-ranging analysis of the interrelationships between honour, violence and emotions in history. This ground-breaking book will be of interest to all researchers studying the relationship between violence and the emotions.
eBook
Who fights for reputation : the psychology of leaders in international conflict
Keren Yarhi-Milo provides an original framework, based on insights from psychology, to explain why some political leaders are more willing to use military force to defend their reputation than others. Rather than focusing on a leader's background, beliefs, bargaining skills, or biases, Yarhi-Milo draws a systematic link between a trait called self-monitoring and foreign policy behavior. She examines self-monitoring among national leaders and advisers and shows that while high self-monitors modify their behavior strategically to cultivate image-enhancing status, low self-monitors are less likely to change their behavior in response to reputation concerns. Exploring self-monitoring through case studies of foreign policy crises during the terms of U.S. presidents Carter, Reagan, and Clinton, Yarhi-Milo disproves the notion that hawks are always more likely than doves to fight for reputation. Instead, Yarhi-Milo demonstrates that a decision maker's propensity for impression management is directly associated with the use of force to restore a reputation for resolve on the international stage. Who Fights for Reputation offers a brand-new understanding of the pivotal influence that psychological factors have on political leadership, military engagement, and the protection of public prestige.
Book
Why Peace Fails
Why does peace fail? More precisely, why do some countries that show every sign of having successfully emerged from civil war fall once again into armed conflict? What explains why peace \"sticks\" after some wars but not others? In this illuminating study, Charles T. Call examines the factors behind fifteen cases of civil war recurrence in Africa, Asia, the Caucasus, and Latin America. He argues that widely touted explanations of civil war-such as poverty, conflict over natural resources, and weak states-are far less important than political exclusion. Call's study shows that inclusion of former opponents in postwar governance plays a decisive role in sustained peace.Why Peace Failsultimately suggests that the international community should resist the temptation to prematurely withdraw resources and peacekeepers after a transition from war. Instead, international actors must remain fully engaged with postwar elected governments, ensuring that they make room for former enemies.
eBook
Secular morality and international security
\"[Fanis] demonstrates an impressive ability to travel nimbly between abstract theoretical concepts and a messy reality. In each one of the case study chapters, her analysis is rich, thoughtful, and imaginative.\"-Ido Oren, University of Florida
Combining insights from cultural studies, gender studies, and social history, Maria Fanis shows the critical importance of national identity in decisions about war and peace. She challenges conventional approaches by demonstrating that domestic ethical codes influence perceptions of threat from abroad. With an in-depth study of U.S.-British relations in the first half of the nineteenth century, and with an application to the recent War in Iraq, she ties changes in U.S. and British national interest to shifts in these nations' domestic codes of morality.
Fanis's findings have important implications for contemporary international relations theory. Apart from its relevance to current events, her work also makes a contribution to the literatures on foreign policy-specifically American and British foreign policies-and the causes of war.
eBook
Covert Regime Change
O'Rourke's book offers a onestop shop for understanding
foreignimposed regime change. Covert Regime Change is an impressive
book and required reading for anyone interested in understanding
hidden power in world politics. ― Political Science
Quarterly
States seldom resort to war to overthrow their
adversaries. They are more likely to attempt to covertly
change the opposing regime, by assassinating a foreign leader,
sponsoring a coup d'état, meddling in a democratic election, or
secretly aiding foreign dissident groups.
In Covert Regime Change , Lindsey A.
O'Rourke shows us how states really act when trying to overthrow
another state. She argues that conventional focus on overt cases
misses the basic causes of regime change. O'Rourke provides
substantive evidence of types of security interests that drive
states to intervene. Offensive operations aim to overthrow a
current military rival or break up a rival alliance. Preventive
operations seek to stop a state from taking certain actions, such
as joining a rival alliance, that may make them a future security
threat. Hegemonic operations try to maintain a hierarchical
relationship between the intervening state and the target
government. Despite the prevalence of covert attempts at regime
change, most operations fail to remain covert and spark blowback in
unanticipated ways.
Covert Regime Change assembles an
original dataset of all American regime change operations during
the Cold War. This fund of information shows the United States was
ten times more likely to try covert rather than overt regime change
during the Cold War. Her dataset allows O'Rourke to address three
foundational questions: What motivates states to attempt foreign
regime change? Why do states prefer to conduct these operations
covertly rather than overtly? How successful are such missions in
achieving their foreign policy goals?
eBook
Leaders and international conflict
The role of leadership in international conflict has recently become one of the most dynamic research agendas in international relations. This book seeks to explain why and when political leaders decide to initiate international wars and argues that the fate of leaders shapes their decisions to initiate international conflict.
eBook
Becoming Confederates
In Becoming Confederates, Gary W. Gallagher explores loyalty in the era of the Civil War, focusing on Robert E. Lee, Stephen Dodson Ramseur, and Jubal A. Early-three prominent officers in the Army of Northern Virginia who became ardent Confederate nationalists. Loyalty was tested and proved in many ways leading up to and during the war. Looking at levels of allegiance to their native state, to the slaveholding South, to the United States, and to the Confederacy, Gallagher shows how these men represent responses to the mid-nineteenth-century crisis. Lee traditionally has been presented as a reluctant convert to the Confederacy whose most powerful identification was with his home state of Virginia-an interpretation at odds with his far more complex range of loyalties. Ramseur, the youngest of the three, eagerly embraced a Confederate identity, highlighting generational differences in the equation of loyalty. Early combined elements of Lee's and Ramseur's reactions-a Unionist who grudgingly accepted Virginia's departure from the United States but later came to personify defiant Confederate nationalism. The paths of these men toward Confederate loyalty help delineate important contours of American history. Gallagher shows that Americans juggled multiple, often conflicting, loyalties and that white southern identity was preoccupied with racial control transcending politics and class. Indeed, understanding these men's perspectives makes it difficult to argue that the Confederacy should not be deemed a nation. Perhaps most important, their experiences help us understand why Confederates waged a prodigiously bloody war and the manner in which they dealt with defeat.
eBook