Explore the vast range of titles available.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptually examine the phenomenon of wellness tourism under a holistic and systemic lens, focusing on the offer system and the main components necessary for the staging of wellness experiences. This approach to holistic wellbeing within the tourism sector has led to a broadening of the type of services and experiences that make up the value propositions that can positively contribute to people’s wellbeing. Design/methodology/approach This study identifies and defines the components of wellness tourism (including sectors not traditionally associated with it) through a review and analysis of the extant literature on “wellness tourism” and “wellbeing tourism” of the past two decades; the components were classified through an open coding process. Findings Wellness tourism, as a broad multidimensional concept, is composed by ten different components of the offer system: hot springs, spas, medical tourism, care of the body and mind, enogastronomy, sports, nature and environment, culture, spirituality and events. Each of these categories may represent a single touristic offer targeted to specific market segments, but they may also be one of several components within an integrated mix of tourism products proposed. Originality/value A holistic view of wellness tourism has implications for strategic marketing processes. Destination Management Organizations and company managers should segment their demand according to more innovative criteria than what has traditionally been adopted for wellness in terms of health care and medical procedures. Value propositions for tourists should be wellness-driven to satisfy the growing demand for wellness/well-being and should involve the participation of all the various actors and producers within the wellness tourism offer system at wellness destinations. 康养旅游及其组成元素：一个全方位的视角 目的 此一论文会以全面和有系统的目光, 谈及康养旅游的现象, 并集中于康养旅游的供应系统和主要组成元素。此一以全面身心健康为目的的旅游行业, 使不同服务的覆盖范围和经验得以扩而充之, 提供有利条件正面地影响着人们的身心健康。 研究方法 本研究会分辨和定义康养旅游的组成元素（以及其他在传统定义上被排除的行业）, 透过重新审视和分析近20年有关于康养旅游（Wellness tourism）和健康旅游（Wellbeing tourism）的现存文献。同时, 所有元素会以开放式译码 （open coding）来分类。 成果 康养旅游, 作为一个多元概念, 基本上与十个不同的供应行业相关：温泉, 水療, 医疗旅游, 身心护理, 饮食, 运动, 自然环境, 文化, 灵修和特办活动。不同类别的行业可以在代表市场上不同供需关系的同时, 也可以代表供应上可以有一种混合套餐供应。 研究建议 以全面的目光去看康养旅游可以为市场策略定下基础。目的地管理公司（DMO）和不同的公司经理应该在分辨服务需求的时候, 多采用新颖的标准, 摒弃只包括医疗的传统健康观念。为游客订立的价值主张（Value propositions）应以全面身心健康为主导, 以满足对康养（Wellness）和健康（Wellbeing）不断上升的需求; 亦应大力度地提升所有安康旅游工作人员与顾客的互动和参与。 El turismo de bienestar y los componentes de su sistema de oferta: una perspectiva holística Propósito Este artículo examina conceptualmente el fenómeno del turismo de bienestar desde una perspectiva holística y sistémica, centrándose en el sistema de oferta y los principales componentes necesarios para la puesta en escena de experiencias de bienestar. Este enfoque de bienestar integral dentro del sector turístico ha propiciado una ampliación del tipo de servicios y experiencias que integran las propuestas de valor que pueden contribuir positivamente al bienestar de las personas. Diseño/metodología/enfoque Este estudio identifica y define los componentes del turismo de bienestar (incluidos los sectores no asociados tradicionalmente con él), a través de una revisión y análisis de la literatura existente sobre “turismo de bienestar” de las dos últimas décadas; los componentes se han clasificado mediante un proceso de codificación abierto. Conclusiones El turismo de bienestar está compuesto conceptualmente por diez componentes diferentes de ofertas: aguas termales, spas, turismo sanitario, cuidado de cuerpo y mente, enogastronomía, deportes, naturaleza y medio ambiente, cultura, espiritualidad y eventos. Cada una de estas categorías puede representar una única oferta turística para segmentos de mercado específicos, pero también pueden ser uno de los varios componentes de una combinación integrada de productos turísticos. Originalidad/valor Esta concepción holística del bienestar sugiere que, en el contexto de los procesos de marketing estratégico, las DMO y los gerentes de negocio deben segmentar la demanda con criterios innovadores respecto a los tradicionales de salud y médicos. Además, deben formular propuestas de turismo orientado al bienestar, valorizando los componentes de la oferta capaces de interceptar la creciente demanda de bienestar e implicando a los distintos productores del sistema de oferta de wellness que operan en los destinos de bienestar

Background: Research on the theoretical integration of attributes of wellness tourism in the form of the physical, mental, spiritual, and environmental (PMSE) attribute framework and the effect of cultural differences on the framework validation has not been conducted before. Objectives: This study developed and validated the key underlying attributes of the wellness tourism experience framework within the Thailand context. Methods: From reviewing the related literature to identify potential sub attributes under the four dimensions of the PMSE framework, themes were developed using a theory- and prior research-driven method within different cultural contexts. The fitness of the PMSE attribute framework model within the context of Thailand wellness tourism was confirmed through a survey design with a quantitative approach from the generalities of the sample groups. The entire dataset was statistically tested with descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results and Conclusions: After adjustments, the four-factors with a 28-item model substantiated the data. The results validated that the mental experience dimension accounted for the most variance, with an indicator value of 0.99 in the framework, predicting the effective wellness tourism experience better than the other attributes. Experience design should involve the participation of all stakeholders in the wellness tourism system in terms of managerial contribution. Recommendations for the planning of wellness experiences concerning each four-factor will be investigated in future studies.

Studies show that about 80% of all diseases causing suffering and eventually death of nowadays population are mostly associated with stress, i.e. managerial disease. The solution to this issue is mainly based on frequent vacations and trips to nature. However, this concept has no application to those who live and work in urban areas. As a consequence, there has been an increased development in wellness tourism, which uses a variety of programs for improving the general condition of people and reducing the effects of stress to a minimum. Considering the fact that nowadays there is a large number of interpretations of the very notion of wellness, the focus of this paper is to define this concept enabling thus an easier definition of wellness tourism. This is followed by pointing out the most important elements of wellness tourism and a brief description of each of these elements.

Studies show that about 80% of all diseases causing suffering and eventually death of nowadays population are mostly associated with stress, i.e. managerial disease. The solution to this issue is mainly based on frequent vacations and trips to nature. However, this concept has no application to those who live and work in urban areas. As a consequence, there has been an increased development in wellness tourism, which uses a variety of programs for improving the general condition of people and reducing the effects of stress to a minimum. Considering the fact that nowadays there is a large number of interpretations of the very notion of wellness, the focus of this paper is to define this concept enabling thus an easier definition of wellness tourism. This is followed by pointing out the most important elements of wellness tourism and a brief description of each of these elements.

Purpose This paper aims to examine the development and significant contributions in a growing array of relevant publications spanning from 1946 to date and discuss future developments of the wellness tourism topic until the year 2095. Design/methodology/approach This perspective study traces down the wellness tourism evolution research by re-viewing and analysing an extant body of the relevant literature over the last 75 years. This paper builds a rigorous perspective review by examination of publications derived from several scientific domains, including tourism, medicine, economics and social sciences. Findings As a result of this study, wellness tourism can be attributed as a profuse and proliferating research stream in the recent 75 years. Its relevance to significant aspects of life, such as health and also due to effects on human, social, and economic well-being, drives its proliferation. The paper anticipates the relevance and topicality of wellness tourism studies for academic research in the next 75 years. Originality/value This paper contributes to the theory by addressing the ambiguous nature of wellness tourism, recapping the debate on the most debated research questions, and revealing the perspectives for future research in this area.

Purposes: There were many people travel for rest and relaxation, while a significant number of people also arrive in Thailand to address a medical need of varying urgency. Wellness tourism sits somewhere in between those two drivers of travel. It other locations, wellness tourism is often seen in the form of destination spas. This research aims to study wellness tourism in Muang district, Chachoengsao province, to study the government policy and support wellness tourism in Muang district, Chachoengsao province, and to study all private businesses which provide wellness tourism in Muang district, Chachoengsao province to increase the number of tourists and revenue to all businesses.   Theoretical Referential: The research based on the definition of tourism, the 5 components of tourism (5As) which are attraction, accessibility, amenity, accomodation, the environment of tourist attrations. The composition of the potential tourist attractions, the image of tourist attractions, SWOT analysis and TOWS Matrix, and Health and Wellness Tourism which represented the government policy cooperated with private businesses and satisfy the needs of wellness touirsts around the world.   Methodology: This research is a mixed methods: Quantitative and Qualitative research. Researcher used questionaire as a tool for quantitative research by accidental sampling 400 Thai tourists and 100 foreign tourists, 5 managers at least 5 years experinced in tour operators business and 10 tour operators staffs, 5 managers and 5 hotel staffs in hotel accomodation business, and 5 managers and 5 staffs of related service provider business. Qualitative research used interview as a tool by purposive sampling 5 heads of community in Muang district, a supervisor of Tourism Authority of Thailand and 1 staff, a director of Tourism Authority of Thailand, Chachoengsao province, and a director of tourism and sport, Chachoengsao office.   Findings: The findings a of this research were as the follows: Firstly, there are 2 main types of wellness tourism in Muang district, Chachachoengsao province which is physical and spiritual. For the physical wellness tourism is aromatherapy, healthy food, massage, and spa; the spiritual wellness tourism is monk’s chat and meditation in the temple which can relieve their tension and mind. Secondly, the government policy support both physical and spiritual wellness tourism, and the 5’A of factors represent the essential requirements of successful tourism: Attractions (x̅ = 4.33), Access (x̅ = 4.52), Accommodation (x̅ = 4.37), Amenities (x̅ = 4.23), and Activities (x̅ = 4.63) were very well to serve all tourists. Lastly. all tourists want to come for their relaxation and get the healthy both physical wellness which increasing the number of tourists and revenue to the businesses. SWOT and TOWS matrix also supported the strengths and opportuinties which challege the growth of wellness tourism of the province.   Value: These results served the need of many people travel for resting and relaxation, while a significant number of people also arrive in Thailand to address a medical need of varying urgency and wellness. Wellness tourism sits somewhere in between those two drivers of travel. Wellness tourism in Chachoengsao province not only challenge all of the top ten destinations because most of the resorts and hotels provide the wellness service in lower cost and the distance of travel from Bangkok is also very short distance but also can become the new wellness destination both physical and spiritual in Thailand.

The purpose of this study was to derive the visit motivations of wellness tourists and to derive strategies for the wellness tourism market through market segmentation based on visit motivations. First, this study derived seven motivators through a literature review with a discussion of experts: relaxation/healing/escape from everyday life, health improvement, novelty, luxury and prestige, self-examination/education, nature-friendly motivation, and social relations improvement. Then, in order to derive differentiated characteristics by motivation according to market segmentation, a difference analysis was conducted with the satisfaction, behavioral intention, and flow of wellness tourism participants. Data collection was carried out with the users of Chungcheongbuk-do wellness tourism products, and was supported by the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism (South Korea) from 2 September to 4 December 2021. Through the analysis in this study, it was first found that the wellness tourism motivations of wellness tourists were divided into a total of six factors (relaxation/healing/health improvement, novelty, luxury and prestige, self-examination/education, nature-friendly motivations, and social relation improvement). Then, as for market segmentation according to the visit motivations of wellness tourists, it was found that the markets were divided into “novelty-seeking type, comprehensive motivation-seeking type, neutral wellness-seeking type, and exploratory wellness-seeking type.” Finally, it was determined that there were significant differences in satisfaction, behavioral intention, and flow among those types of wellness tourist groups, and the average levels of satisfaction, behavioral intention, and flow were commonly lower in the neutral wellness-seeking type than in the comprehensive motivation-seeking type and the exploratory wellness-seeking type. This study derived the necessity to conceive differentiated strategies for the wellness tourism motivation group with the development of a wellness tourism motivation scale and a market segmentation study, and provided practical implications according to the characteristics of individual groups.

In recent years, with the rapid change of people’s health concept, health and wellness tourism has shown a vigorous development trend. However, existing literature has been lacking on travelers’ behavioral intentions, influenced by their motivation in health and wellness tourism. To fill in this gap, we designed scales of tourists’ behavioral intention and motivation in health and wellness tourism and investigated the aforementioned effects, with a sample of 493 visitors who have traveled in health and wellness tourism. Factor analysis and structural equation models were applied to explore the relations among motivation, perceived value, and behavioral intention in health and wellness tourism. The results indicate that health and wellness tourists’ motivation significantly positively predicts their behavior intentions. Travelers’ perceived value of health and wellness tourism significantly partially mediates the associations between their behavioral intention and escape motivation, attractive motivation, environmental motivation, as well as interpersonal motivation. No empirical evidence supports the mediating role of perceived value in the correlation between consumption motivation and behavioral intention. Health and wellness tourism industries are encouraged to meet the intrinsic motivation of travelers and make them perceive the value of this kind of tourism, which in turn promotes tourists’ choice, evaluation, and satisfaction of health and wellness tourism.

Medical, health and wellness tourism and travel represent a dynamic and rapidly growing multi-disciplinary economic activity and field of knowledge. This research responds to earlier calls to integrate research on travel medicine and tourism. It critically reviews the literature published on these topics over a 50-year period (1970 to 2020) using CiteSpace software. Some 802 articles were gathered and analyzed from major databases including the Web of Science and Scopus. Markets (demand and behavior), destinations (development and promotion), and development environments (policies and impacts) emerged as the main three research themes in medical-health-wellness tourism. Medical-health-wellness tourism will integrate with other care sectors and become more embedded in policy-making related to sustainable development, especially with regards to quality of life initiatives. A future research agenda for medical-health-tourism is discussed.

Natural resources are recognized among the key determinants for the improvement of wellness, and thus the development and sustainability of health tourism destinations. This study applied a systematic review to investigate the contributions mapping and analyzing under different perspectives the value of the natural resources of a destination and related activities for health tourism. The main research topics identified from a review of 52 papers include the analysis and exploitation of natural resources in health tourism, the nature-based factors considered in clustering of tourists and their motivations, the development of value offer and marketing, as well as the cultural issues. Research gaps and future directions are summarized in a research agenda laying the foundations for the development of a multidisciplinary research stream focused on nature-based health tourism. Results also represent a key reference for managers and policy makers to identify key issues, areas of intervention and practices for industry development in the health tourism destinations through an effective and sustainable exploitation of natural resources.