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77,989 result(s) for "Wide area networks"
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On the Mobile Communication Requirements for the Demand-Side Management of Electric Vehicles
The rising concerns about global warming and environmental pollution are increasingly pushing towards the replacement of road vehicles powered by Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs). Electric Vehicles (EVs) are generally considered the best candidates for this transition, however, existing power grids and EV management systems are not yet ready for a large penetration of EVs, and the current opinion of the scientific community is that further research must be done in this field. The so-called Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) concept plays a relevant role in this scenario by providing the communication capabilities required by advanced control and Demand-Side Management (DSM) strategies. Following this research trend, in this paper the communication requirements for the DSM of EVs in urban environments are discussed, by focusing on the mobile communication among EVs and smart grids. A specific system architecture for the DSM of EVs moving inside urban areas is proposed and discussed in terms of the required data throughput. In addition, the use of a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) solution—the Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology—is proposed as a possible alternative to cellular-like solutions, by testing an experimental communication infrastructure in a real environment. The results show that the proposed LPWAN technology is capable to handle an adequate amount of information for the considered application, and that one LoRa base station is able to serve up to 438 EVs per cell, and 1408 EV charging points.
Prospects of LoRaWAN Technology for IoT Solution in Bangladesh
As the fastest‐growing economic country in the Asia Pacific, Bangladesh needs to be technologically advanced and adaptive in every sector to foster its development. In recent times, Internet of Things (IoT) has shown its potential for improving productivity and efficiency, thus contributing to a country’s economy. With technological advances, the need for low‐power, low‐cost, and secured IoT solutions has become prominent, especially for a developing country like Bangladesh. Long‐range wide‐area network (LoRaWAN) is an IoT solution that meets those criteria and provides exceptional long‐range coverage in addition. In this article, the possibilities of LoRaWAN technology have been analyzed from the perspective of Bangladesh. Initially, a technical review has been performed on its background, network topology, and compared with other leading technologies. Then a design architecture of the LoRaWAN’s end‐node and gateway has been presented. The article also investigates the possible deployment scenario and future scopes of LoRaWAN in Bangladesh. Finally, a LoRaWAN system has been demonstrated using two nodes in an urban scenario and experimentally evaluated data reception, received signal strength, and LoRa packet loss or delay over two different communication ranges. Based on the experimentation conducted, a maximum coverage of 1.094 km has been estimated by the log‐distance probabilistic approach.
How to start your own cybersecurity consulting business : first-hand lessons from a burned-out ex-CISO
\"How to Start Your Own Cybersecurity Consulting Business: First-Hand Lessons from a Burned-Out Ex-CISO is written by an author that has real world experience in launching a cyber consulting company. It is all encompassing, with coverage spanning from selecting which legal formation is most suitable to which segment of the cybersecurity industry should be targeted. The book is geared specifically towards the CISO that is on the verge of a total burnout or career change. It explains how CISOs can market their experience and services to win and retain key customers. It includes a chapter on how certification can give a cybersecurity consultant a competitive edge and covers the five top certifications in information security: CISSP, CompTIA Security+, CompTIA CySA+, CSSP, and CISM. The book's author has been in the IT world for more than 20 years and has worked for numerous companies in corporate America. He has experienced CISO burn-out. He has also started two successful cybersecurity companies. The book offers his own unique perspective based on his hard-earned lessons learned and shows how to apply them in creating a successful venture. It also covers the pitfalls of starting a consultancy, how to avoid them, and how to bounce back from any that prove unavoidable. This is the book for burned-out former CISOs to rejuvenate themselves and their careers by launching their own consultancy\"-- Provided by publisher.
LoRaWAN Communication Protocols: A Comprehensive Survey under an Energy Efficiency Perspective
Long range wide area networks (LoRaWANs) have recently received intense scientific, research, and industrial interest. LoRaWANs play a pivotal role in Internet of Things (IoT) applications due to their capability to offer large coverage without sacrificing the energy efficiency and, thus the battery life, of end-devices. Most published contributions assume that LoRaWAN gateways (GWs) are plugged into the energy grid; thus, neglecting the network lifetime constraint due to power storage limitations. However, there are several verticals, including precision agriculture, forest protection, and others, in which it is difficult or even impossible to connect the GW to the power grid or to perform battery replacement at the end-devices. Consequently, maximizing the networks’ energy efficiency is expected to have a crucial impact on maximizing the network lifetime. Motivated by this, as well as the observation that the overall LoRaWAN network energy efficiency is significantly affected by the selected communication protocol, in this paper, we identify and discuss critical aspects and research challenges involved in the design of a LoRaWAN communication protocol, under an energy efficiency perspective. Building upon our findings, research directions towards a novel GreenLoRaWAN communication protocol are given, focusing on achieving energy efficiency, robustness, and scalability.
Throughput and Packet Loss Probability Analysis of Long Range Wide Area Network
Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is the one of the promising low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies at present and is expected to grow in the foreseeable future as a tool to provide connectivity among small things. In this paper, we present a simple analytical model to compute the throughput and packet loss probability of Medium Access Control (MAC) for Class-A of LoRaWAN. This analysis results can be used as a reference for deploying the appropriate number of end-devices (EDs) that can be accepted in a gateway (GW) while maximizing network throughput or guaranteeing the packet loss rate of EDs.
LoRa 2.4 GHz Communication Link and Range
Recently, Semtech has released a Long Range (LoRa) chipset which operates at the globally available 2.4 GHz frequency band, on top of the existing sub-GHz, km-range offer, enabling hardware manufacturers to design region-independent chipsets. The SX1280 LoRa module promises an ultra-long communication range while withstanding heavy interference in this widely used band. In this paper, we first provide a mathematical description of the physical layer of LoRa in the 2.4 GHz band. Secondly, we investigate the maximum communication range of this technology in three different scenarios. Free space, indoor and urban path loss models are used to simulate the propagation of the 2.4 GHz LoRa modulated signal at different spreading factors and bandwidths. Additionally, we investigate the corresponding data rates. The results show a maximum range of 133 km in free space, 74 m in an indoor office-like environment and 443 m in an outdoor urban context. While a maximum data rate of 253.91 kbit/s can be achieved, the data rate at the longest possible range in every scenario equals 0.595 kbit/s. Due to the configurable bandwidth and lower data rates, LoRa outperforms other technologies in the 2.4 GHz band in terms of communication range. In addition, both communication and localization applications deployed in private LoRa networks can benefit from the increased bandwidth and localization accuracy of this system when compared to public sub-GHz networks.
A Survey on LoRaWAN Architecture, Protocol and Technologies
Internet of Things (IoT) expansion led the market to find alternative communication technologies since existing protocols are insufficient in terms of coverage, energy consumption to fit IoT needs. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) emerged as an alternative cost-effective communication technology for the IoT market. LoRaWAN is an open LPWAN standard developed by LoRa Alliance and has key features i.e., low energy consumption, long-range communication, builtin security, GPS-free positioning. In this paper, we will introduce LoRaWAN technology, the state of art studies in the literature and provide open opportunities.
LoRa Technology in Flying Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey of Challenges and Open Issues
The Internet of Things (IoT) and Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) have become hot topics among researchers because of the increased availability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and the electronic components required to control and connect them (e.g., microcontrollers, single board computers, and radios). LoRa is a wireless technology, intended for the IoT, that requires low power and provides long-range communications, which can be useful for ground and aerial applications. This paper explores the role that LoRa plays in FANET design by presenting a technical overview of both, and by performing a systematic literature review based on a breakdown of the communications, mobility and energy topics involved in a FANET implementation. Furthermore, open issues in protocol design are discussed, as well as other challenges associated with the use of LoRa in the deployment of FANETs.