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result(s) for
"Women Korea (South) History 20th century."
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Women in the Sky
Women in the Sky examines
Korean women factory workers' century-long activism, from the 1920s
to the present, with a focus on gender politics both in the labor
movement and in the larger society. It highlights several
key moments in colonial and postcolonial Korean history when
factory women commanded the attention of the wider public,
including the early-1930s rubber shoe workers' general strike in
Pyongyang, the early-1950s textile workers' struggle in South
Korea, the 1970s democratic union movement led by female factory
workers, and women workers' activism against neoliberal
restructuring in recent decades.
Hwasook Nam asks why women workers in South Korea have been
relegated to the periphery in activist and mainstream narratives
despite a century of persistent militant struggle and indisputable
contributions to the labor movement and successful democracy
movement. Women in the Sky opens and closes with stories
of high-altitude sit-ins-a phenomenon unique to South
Korea-beginning with the rubber shoe worker Kang Churyong's sit-in
in 1931 and ending with numerous others in today's South Korean
labor movement, including that of Kim Jin-Sook.
In Women in the Sky , Nam seeks to understand and
rectify the vast gap between the crucial roles women industrial
workers played in the process of Korea's modernization and their
relative invisibility as key players in social and historical
narratives. By using gender and class as analytical categories, Nam
presents a comprehensive study and rethinking of the
twentieth-century nation-building history of Korea through the lens
of female industrial worker activism.
eBook
East Asian Childbearing Patterns and Policy Developments
Childbearing behavior in East Asian countries has changed rapidly during the past half century from an average of five to seven children per family, to replacement-level fertility, and subsequently to unprecedentedly low levels, the lowest in the world. This article analyzes fertility trends in Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan using cohort fertility data and methods, then examines social and economic causes of the childbearing trends, and surveys policies pursued to reverse the fertility trends. Postponement of childbearing started in the 1970s with continuously fewer delayed births being \"recuperated,\" which resulted in ultra-low fertility. A rapid expansion of education and employment among women in a patriarchal environment has generated a stark dilemma for women who would like to combine childbearing with a career. Policy responses have been slow, with a more serious attempt to address issues in recent years. Thus far public and private institutions are not devoting sufficient attention to generating broad social change supportive of parenting.
Journal Article
Representations of Femininity in Contemporary South Korean Women's Literature
This book discusses perceptions of 'femininity' in contemporary South Korea and the extent to which fictional representations in South Korean women's fiction of the 1990s challenges the enduring association of the feminine with domesticity, docility and passivity.
eBook
Narratives of Nation-Building in Korea
This book offers new insight on how key historical texts and events in Korea's history have contributed to the formation of the nation's collective consciousness. The work is woven around the unifying premise that particular narrative texts/events that extend back to the premodern period have remained important, albeit transformed, over the modern period and into the contemporary period. The author explores the relationship between gender and nationalism by showing how key narrative topics, such as tales of virtuous womanhood, have been employed, transformed, and re-deployed to make sense of particular national events. Connecting these narratives and historic events to contemporary Korean society, Jager reveals how these \"sites\" - or reference points - were also successfully re-deployed in the context of the division of Korea and the construction of Korea's modern consciousness.
eBook
Crisis of gender and the nation in Korean literature and cinema
Crisis of Gender and the Nation in Korean Literature and Cinema is about the changing constructs of modernity, masculinity, and gender relations and discourses in Korean literature and cinema during the crucial decades of the colonial and postcolonial era, based on close historical examination and a wide-ranging theoretical foundation that look at both western and Korean language sources. It examines Korean literary and cinematic texts from the period that spans from the1920s to the 1960s to reveal the ways in which many arrivals of modernity in Korea—through the traumatic pathways and contexts of colonialism, nation building, war, and industrialization—destabilize and set in flux the notions of gender, class, and nationhood. It probes into some of the most significant aspects of Korean culture in the earlier part of the twentieth century through an interdisciplinary inquiry that deploys methods and seminal texts from the fields of Korean Studies, Comparative Literature, Postcolonial Studies, and Film Studies. Each chapter is an exploration of a decade, organized around questions about modernity, gender, class, and the nation that are central to understanding the selected texts and their contexts. The nation of Korea has been under threat since the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945). Crisis of Gender and the Nation critically analyzes the cultural responses of the nation and its gendered subjects in crisis, represented in a selection of Korean literary and cinematic texts from the colonial period, beginning in the 1920s, to the postcolonial period, up to the 1960s, through the lens of both Western and Korean discourses of gender and postcolonial inquiries of literature and film.
eBook
Gender, Christianity, and Peace in Chinese Women's International Thought 1914–1953
This paper uncovers the various understandings of peace formulated by Chinese Christian women in the period from the First World War to the Korean War Armistice (1914–1953). In both the literature on Christianity in China and the histories of the national and international women's movements, Chinese Christian women have been subjected to multiple exclusions based on their race, class, gender, and religious identity. Drawing on the memoirs and writings of key Chinese Christian women thinkers active in international women's and Christian networks such as Deng Yuzhi 鄧欲志 and Zeng Baosun 曾寶蓀, as well as all less well-known female students writing in missionary school yearbooks, I dissect how Chinese Christian women variously constructed and deployed their own understanding of peace. How did they appropriate, adapt, or reject the rhetoric of “sisterhood” and maternalist arguments about women's supposed peace-making faculties circulating in the international women's movement for their own purposes? How did they fuse Christianity with early twentieth-century interpretations of Confucian ideas about peace and racial harmony? In what ways did Chinese Christian women active in Communist and Nationalist networks seek to deploy their own understanding of a “Just Peace” during the Second Sino-Japanese War and Korean War? Chinese Christian women's formulations of peace can help us to critically rethink European-centered chronologies of the women's movement and history of women's international thought.
Journal Article
“Wise Mother, Good Wife”: A Transcultural Discursive Construct in Modern Korea
The article investigates the genealogies of “wise mother and good wife,” arguably the most influential gender ideology in modern Korea. Approaching it as a product of transcultural encounters in turn of the twentieth-century Korea, the article examines the ways in which Korea’s Confucian-prescribed gender norms were refashioned and reconstituted under the influence of the ideology of domesticity promoted by American Protestant women missionaries and the Meiji gender ideology of ryōsai kenbo, which transpired through Japanese colonial policies in Korea. I argue that the modern construct of “wise mother and good wife” ideology was the latest form of patriarchal gender arrangements designed to meet new challenges in the modern era. I further argue that this modern ideal of womanhood was both oppressive and liberating in the sense that it continued hierarchical gender practices of the past, and yet it also enabled women to carve out new space for power and authority within the circumscribed conditions.
Journal Article