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"Women Social networks China."
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Conditional Spaces
This book offers an in-depth sociological study on Hong Kong lesbian and transgender lesbian subjectivities and their materialization within multiple spaces. Based on thirty life history interviews, the author attempts to map the complex relations between lesbian subjectivities and spatialities as they emerge, develop, interact and negotiate with each other in their everyday lives. Drawing upon theories on cultural studies, feminism, postcolonialism, urban sociology and queer theory, this book positions Hong Kong as a late capitalist city and neoliberal economy, to bring the notion of sexuality and spaces together in a theoretical exercise in order to focus on the forces that determine the conditions and possibilities for the materialization of lesbian and transgender lesbian desires and identities. Tang investigates social relations within certain spaces and make linkages between a living room, a busy street, a classroom, a church congregation, a workplace and a queer film festival. Hong Kong women with lesbian desires and transgender lesbians can be understood as exclusionary to some spaces but participatory in the constant development of new sites where their needs and intimate desires are met. Tang concludes that a preliminary analysis of spaces in Hong Kong can be rooted in a physical sense but also proposes conditional spatiality as a theoretical concept to understand the emergence and disappearance of spaces.
eBook
Runaway wives, urban crimes, and survival tactics in wartime Beijing, 1937-1949
\"Explores intimate accounts of lower-class women's struggles with poverty, deprivation, and marital strife in wartime Beijing between 1936 and 1945, revealing an urban underworld built on an informal economy and conducted primarily through neighborhood networks\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Family function fully mediates the relationship between social support and perinatal depression in rural Southwest China
Background
Perinatal depression is the most common complication of gestation and childbearing affecting women and their families, and good social support and family function are considered protective and modifiable factors. This study aimed to investigate depression status and explore inter-relationships between social support and perinatal depression considering the influence of family function in rural areas of Southwest China.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. The following instruments were used: the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, the APGAR Family Care Index Scale, and the Social Support Rate Scale. A structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesis relationships among the variables.
Results
A total of 490 rural antenatal (
N
= 249) and postpartum (
N
= 241) women (mean age (standard deviation), 28.17 ± 5.12) participated. We found that the prevalence of depression symptoms was 10.4%. Path analysis showed that family function had a direct negative correlation with depression (β = − 0.251, 95%CI: − 0.382 to − 0.118). Social support had a direct positive correlation with family function (β =0.293, 95%CI: 0.147 to 0.434) and had an indirect negative correlation with depression (β = − 0.074, 95%CI: − 0.139 to − 0.032), family function fully mediated the relationship between social support and depression.
Conclusions
Findings of this study highlight that family function should be considered as the key target for interventions aiming to lower the prevalence of perinatal depression. Family members interventions are critical to reduce depression among antenatal and postpartum women.
Journal Article
Exploring aggressive emotions in women in prison: the role of empathy and perceived social support in moderating the effects of childhood discrimination experiences
Background
The recent increase in the population of women in prison within the societal context of China has shifted attention towards understanding the unique psychological and social dynamics distinct from those traditionally associated with man offenders. Growing evidence suggests that childhood experiences of discrimination play a crucial role in shaping the aggressive behaviors observed among women in prison. This underscores the necessity for an in-depth examination of the psychological and societal foundations of these behaviors.
Objective
This study seeks to elucidate the roles of empathy and perceived social support (PSS) in moderating the effects of childhood discrimination on aggression among women in prison. It aims to provide insights that could inform effective intervention and prevention strategies. Participants and Setting: The study involved 411 women in prison from correctional facilities across two provinces in China. Data were collected through paper-based surveys distributed from May to June 2024.
Methods
Participants responded to the Everyday Discrimination Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Aggression Questionnaire. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlations, analysis of variance, and parallel multiple mediation models. These analyses were conducted using SPSS and a PROCESS macro to test statistical hypotheses.
Results
Results demonstrated significant associations between high levels of childhood discrimination and increased aggressive emotions and behaviors in adulthood. Mediation analysis indicated that both affective empathy and PSS significantly mediated these relationships. Affective empathy was found to intensify emotional responses leading to aggression, while PSS acted as a buffering mechanism that mitigated these adverse outcomes.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the pivotal moderating roles of empathy and social support in the aggression dynamics observed among women in prison, influenced by early experiences of discrimination. The study advocates for targeted interventions that enhance empathic abilities and bolster social support networks to reduce aggression and aid in rehabilitation. These insights foster the development of nuanced approaches to addressing the needs of women in prison and have significant implications for policy and practice in correctional and rehabilitative settings.
Journal Article
Air pollution lowers Chinese urbanites’ expressed happiness on social media
High levels of air pollution in China may contribute to the urban population’s reported low level of happiness
1
–
3
. To test this claim, we have constructed a daily city-level expressed happiness metric based on the sentiment in the contents of 210 million geotagged tweets on the Chinese largest microblog platform Sina Weibo
4
–
6
, and studied its dynamics relative to daily local air quality index and PM
2.5
concentrations (fine particulate matter with diameters equal or smaller than 2.5 μm, the most prominent air pollutant in Chinese cities). Using daily data for 144 Chinese cities in 2014, we document that, on average, a one standard deviation increase in the PM
2.5
concentration (or Air Quality Index) is associated with a 0.043 (or 0.046) standard deviation decrease in the happiness index. People suffer more on weekends, holidays and days with extreme weather conditions. The expressed happiness of women and the residents of both the cleanest and dirtiest cities are more sensitive to air pollution. Social media data provides real-time feedback for China’s government about rising quality of life concerns.
A daily, city-level happiness metric constructed from the sentiment expressed in 210 million tweets on Sina Weibo from 144 cities shows that high levels of air pollution significantly reduce Chinese urbanites’ expressed happiness on social media.
Journal Article
Pull motivation and well-being as drivers of entrepreneurial success: The moderating role of social capital
This study examines the interplay between entrepreneurial motivation, mental well-being (MWB), and business performance, with a focus on the moderating role of bridging social capital among female entrepreneurs in China. Drawing on Conservation of Resources (COR) and Social Capital theories, the research highlights the critical role of pull motivation in fostering MWB, which subsequently enhances business performance. The findings, based on moderated mediation analysis, reveal that MWB mediates the relationship between pull motivation and business performance, and this mediation effect is amplified in contexts with higher levels of bridging social capital. The study makes several contributions. Theoretically, it extends COR theory by illustrating how resource gain spirals initiated by intrinsic motivation led to psychological and business success. It also enriches Social Capital theory by demonstrating how expansive social networks facilitate entrepreneurial outcomes. Practically, the findings underscore the importance of fostering intrinsic motivation and building diverse social networks to support female entrepreneurs. The results hold implications for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance women’s entrepreneurial well-being and performance, particularly in socio-cultural contexts that impose unique challenges. Despite its contributions, the study has limitations. The cross-sectional design restricts causal inference, and the findings are contextualized within the Chinese entrepreneurial ecosystem, which may limit generalizability. Future research should explore longitudinal designs and expand the scope to other cultural and economic settings. By addressing these areas, scholars can further unravel the complex dynamics of motivation, well-being, and social capital in entrepreneurship.
Journal Article
Analyzing the diffusion of feminist discourses on Chinese social media: A case study of the 2022 Tangshan restaurant attack
Network platforms have ushered in a novel propagation model for feminist discourses. The emergence of oriental feminism in society has led to gender-based public opinions surrounding public events becoming a trending topic on Chinese social media. This study uses the 2022 Tangshan restaurant attack as a case study, an incident that sparked widespread discussions across China in 2022. The research gathered 366,602 network communication nodes within a week and examined the communication networks of three types of content nodes (information, opinion, and appeasement) using the complex network modeling method. The findings revealed that all three types of information communication networks exhibit an apparent scale-free characteristic, and the \"key minority\" of nodes significantly affects information communication. Information-type and appeasement-type Weibo display notable similarities in the quantity and degree distribution of nodes within the communication networks and in the information decay rate. Moreover, authoritative information issuers have become the primary catalyst for information propagation. Conversely, opinion-type Weibo has the widest communication network diameter and features a high degree of participation, multilevel propagation, and a slow decay rate. This indicates that the interaction between opinion leaders and netizens has enhanced the depth and breadth of information diffusion for opinion-type Weibo.
Journal Article
Postpartum depression and postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder: prevalence and associated factors
Background
Despite the increased global interest from researchers in postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD), studies of PPD in China have shown a wide range of variability. Indeed, the prevalence and risk factors for PP-PTSD have received little attention in China.
Aim
To determine the prevalence of PPD and PP-PTSD in China, and to examine the relationships between a range of sociodemographic, pregnancy-related, and newborn-related variables, and PPD and PP-PTSD.
Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 1136 women who returned to the obstetrics clinic for routine postpartum examination were enrolled. The sociodemographic, pregnancy-related, and newborn-related characteristics were collected. Social support, and PPD and PP-PTSD symptoms were measured by the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Perinatal Post-traumatic Stress Questionnaire (PPQ).
Results
The prevalence rates of PPD and PP-PTSD symptoms were 23.5 and 6.1%, respectively. A multivariate model showed that the presence of PP-PTSD was the strongest risk factor for PPD symptoms and vice versa. Other risk factors for PPD included low sleep quality, low social support and newborn’s incubator admission. In terms of PP-PTSD symptoms, risk factors included the presence of PPD symptoms, non-Han ethnicity, and low social support, while having one child was a protective factor.
Conclusions
This study addressed some gaps in the literature and provided a better understanding of PPD and PP-PTSD in China, which may contribute to early detection and intervention. Attention should be paid to women who are most susceptible to PPD and/or PP-PTSD, including those with low social support, low sleep quality, newborn’s incubator admission, non-Han ethnicity, and women with siblings.
Journal Article
Feminist activism via social media in China
Ladies' Character was a TV play idea posted by an ordinary Weibo user that went viral in 2018. Numerous social media users joined in uninvited, via crowdsourcing, to develop its plot about four single professional women in their 40's. Earlier in the same year, \"Love and Producer,\" a cellphone game had been widely criticized for its derogatory depiction of women in a video advertisement. While these Internet events resembled feminist activism in both content and form, no participants identified themselves as feminists. Using virtual ethnography, this paper explores how grassroots social media users construct both opportunities and challenges for feminist development in China. As feminist activism is placed under strict censorship in China, the cultural space provided by social media becomes an important means for grassroots prosumers to put up their collective resistance. Although the participants did not identify themselves as feminists, they protested about media content for its stereotypical and insulting representations about women, and created their own stories, which elicited considerable responses from people. However, a stigmatized feminism has also been prolific online, and poses another challenge for anyone who raises voices for women, which to some extent explains why the participants disavow the term of feminism.
Journal Article