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To address the alignment difficulties in precision assembly, this paper designs an adaptive position correction system. The system integrates electromagnetic proportional control technology to optimize the alignment mechanism, making its floating range linearly adjustable. This solution overcomes the issue of incompatible alignment mechanisms for workpieces of different sizes, providing a new approach to solving position deviation problems in precision assembly.

For the workpiece from the tool withdrawal time until the lifting of the fixture constraint is called the in-situ state. In this process, the workpiece’s state quantity changes with time, and the state quantity can be regarded as a time series physical quantity. Therefore, the physical state and geometric physical quantities in the in-situ stage can be characterized by time sequence through the deformation theory. Kalman filter is a kind of optimal estimation method that includes two processes: prediction and correction. In the process of prediction estimation, only the optimal estimation of the last time needs to be stored, which can reduce the operation cost and improve the prediction efficiency. Since the state quantity of the workpiece in situ becomes nonlinear, this paper uses the extended Kalman filter for characterization modeling and nonlinear prediction, combines the typical heat-force coupling model with the extended Kalman filter for representation, and finally obtains the modeling characterization and result prediction of the filter state quantity.

Thin-walled curved surface parts are weak in rigidity and difficult to machine, which makes them very prone to deformation during machining, affecting the machining accuracy of the workpiece. This study proposes a machining error compensation method based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) surface reconstruction. The control points of the design surface are adjusted according to the machining error of a series of discrete points on the thin-walled curved surface to get the machined surface. The machining error of the whole surface is obtained by calculating the deviation between the design surface and the reconstructed surface. The surface machining error compensation is realized by constructing the compensation surface by mirroring the coordinates of the compensation points. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation analysis.

Measuring the flatness error of large precision workpieces quickly and accurately is a difficult problem. A new method for preprocessing flatness measurement data based on MSE (mean squared error) is proposed. A mathematical model of a new data preprocessing method was established, and the mathematical formula for model solving was derived in detail. The data were measured by digital level on the plane of the granite base with dimensions of 2340 m×1540 mm. The new method and SmartLevel (basic measurement system of the level computer) were used to calculate and process the data. The flatness errors after diagonal evaluation were 4.07 μm and 3.90 μm, respectively. The relative error of the two was 4.36%, which confirmed the reliability and accuracy of the new method. The data results show that this method can be effectively used for the engineering measurement of the flatness of large precision workpieces.

Device for axis-stabilizing of low-rigid work pieces has been presented in the article. The method of calculation of dynamic parameters of the “work pieces-supports” subsystem is discussed. The influence on dynamic of work pieces by different variants of fixation is explored.

Cavitating water jets show great promise for processing non-metallic materials, offering advantages such as high efficiency, environmental compatibility, and minimal workpiece damage. To investigate the cavitation characteristics of a self-developed frictional-shear cavitating nozzle, we conducted cavitation noise tests using a custom-designed and assembled water jet test system. The tests employed jet pressures of 5, 10, 15, and 20 MPa. The detection apparatus consisted of a hydrophone and a digital storage oscilloscope. The intensity of the cavitation noise generated by the jet was analyzed using the sound pressure level difference method. The results indicate that within the tested pressure range, the water jets consistently generated stable cavitation bubbles. Consequently, fully developed cavitating jets with high intensity were achieved. As the jet pressure increased, the difference between the sound pressure level curves at adjacent pressures decreased, the curves converged, and the cavitation intensity remained high. This indicates that the cavitation process has stabilized. These findings provide a technical basis for the engineering application of this type of nozzle.

To quickly locate and improve the coaxiality of workpieces during the machining process of a common lathe, a coaxiality correction device for mounting workpieces is proposed. This device is mainly aimed at short-shaft workpieces that require multiple mounting operations during the utilization of a common lathe in emergency repair or small-batch production scenarios, which takes up a lot of time and affects the repair and processing efficiency. When using the device developed in this study to correct the coaxiality of workpieces (by making the outer surface of the workpiece tightly fit the outer surface of the bearing assembly until the bearing assembly has difficulty rotating, indicating that the workpiece has quickly aligned), not only can the coaxiality of the machined workpiece be guaranteed, but also the processing efficiency of the workpiece can be effectively improved.

Immersion ultrasound scanning faces limitations in specific detection scenarios, such as those involving moving workpieces or highly intricate surfaces. This issue is particularly pronounced when workpieces exhibit relative motion, resulting in significant signal decay. To address this challenge, an ultrasonic motion scanning method based on a flexible microchannel array is proposed in this paper. This innovative method utilizes a flexible microchannel array as the coupling medium. Initially, the principle of water column formation within the arrays is examined. Subsequently, various shapes and sizes of arrays are meticulously analyzed. Finally, the behavior of the detection signal of the probe in motion is investigated. It is demonstrated that stable detection results can be achieved even while the ultrasound probe is in motion.

In order to manufacture structured surfaces, firstly, the abrasive stone model with staggered abrasive particles is established with mathematical methods. Secondly, the motion of abrasive particles on the abrasive stone is designed. Finally, the surface morphology of the workpiece is simulated. The simulated workpiece morphology under different machining parameters is compared, and the influence of different machining parameters on the workpiece surface morphology is obtained. The results indicate that the microstructured surface can be lapped by using the abrasive stone of staggered abrasive particles. As the amplitude and frequency of the abrasive stone increase, the number of protrusions increases, and the area of individual protrusions decreases.

In this paper, the complex research method was used which includes theoretical analysis and verification of the results using numerical simulation in the Pam-Stamp 2G solution. During the determination of the stress-strain condition of the workpiece the functional was solved which allows minimal thickness fluctuations of the thin-walled parts during the forming. The radius of the punch was chosen as a variable parameter. Its calculated values served as input parameters for the simulation.