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The biogeography of the yeti crabs (Kiwaidae) with notes on the phylogeny of the Chirostyloidea (Decapoda: Anomura)
The phylogeny of the superfamily Chirostyloidea (Decapoda: Anomura) has been poorly understood owing to limited taxon sampling and discordance between different genes. We present a nine-gene dataset across 15 chirostyloids, including all known yeti crabs (Kiwaidae), to improve the resolution of phylogenetic affinities within and between the different families, and to date key divergences using fossil calibrations. This study supports the monophyly of Chirostyloidea and, within this, a basal split between Eumunididae and a Kiwaidae–Chirostylidae clade. All three families originated in the Mid-Cretaceous, but extant kiwaids and most chirostylids radiated from the Eocene onwards. Within Kiwaidae, the basal split between the seep-endemic Kiwa puravida and a vent clade comprising Kiwa hirsuta and Kiwa spp. found on the East Scotia and Southwest Indian ridges is compatible with a hypothesized seep-to-vent evolutionary trajectory. A divergence date estimate of 13.4–25.9 Ma between the Pacific and non-Pacific lineages is consistent with Kiwaidae spreading into the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean via the newly opened Drake Passage. The recent radiation of Kiwaidae adds to the list of chemosynthetic fauna that appear to have diversified after the Palaeocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum, a period of possibly widespread anoxia/dysoxia in deep-sea basins.
Journal Article
When Migo met Smallfoot
Migo the yeti, who lives in a mythical village above the clouds, falls below the clouds and encounters a Smallfoot who tries to befriend him.
Book
Phosphorescent wax - The novel approach of innovation
The present invention relates to dental compositions that include a phosphorescent material, more particularly, adding phosphorescent material to waxes that used in dentistry. The aim of the study is to develop a wax that has innate phosphorescent properties. Three groups of samples were taken in which the phosphorescent material was added. Three groups were later compared for their phosphorescent property in the material. All the samples in the initial molten state were poured into a mold made of silicone impression material and allowed to set. The material was placed in a dark room, and visual examination was done to compare the materials. From the samples obtained, paraffin wax showed more phosphorescent property than beeswax. The least phosphorescent property was seen in marginal wax. It can be concluded from this study that paraffin wax showed the most phosphorescent property.
Journal Article
No yeti yet
When big brother decides that a snowy winter day is perfect for a yeti hunt, his little brother comes along, asking questions about the mysterious creatures all along the way.
Book
The Bucentaur (BCNT) protein family: a long-neglected class of essential proteins required for chromatin/chromosome organization and function
The evolutionarily conserved Bucentaur (BCNT) protein superfamily was identified about two decades ago in bovines, but its biological role has long remained largely unknown. Sparse studies in the literature suggest that BCNT proteins perform important functions during development. Only recently, a functional analysis of the
Drosophila
BCNT ortholog, called YETI, has provided evidence that it is essential for proper fly development and plays roles in chromatin organization. Here, we introduce the BCNT proteins and comprehensively review data that contribute to clarify their function and mechanistic clues on how they may control development in multicellular organisms.
Journal Article
Sexual dimorphism in the methane seep-dwelling Costa Rican yeti crab Kiwa puravida (Decapoda: Anomura: Kiwaidae)
Deep-sea chemosynthesis-based ecosystems support unique biological communities, but human impacts are an increasing threat. Understanding the life-history traits of species from deep-sea chemosynthesis-based ecosystems can help to develop adequate management strategies, as these can have impacts on ecological responses to changes in the environment. Here we examined the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in the yeti crab Kiwa puravida , an endemic species from the Costa Rican Pacific margin that aggregates at active methane seeps and depends on chemosynthetic bacteria for nutrition. The two morphological features examined included the claws, suspected to be under sexual selection and used for defense, and the carpus of the second pereopod not suspected to be under sexual selection. A total of 258 specimens, 161 males, 81 females, 16 juveniles, were collected from Mound 12 at 1,000-1,040 m depth in 2017 and 2018 and analyzed. We found that males have larger and wider claws than females, while there were no differences in carpus length. These results suggest that claw weaponry is under sexual selection in K . puravida , which is probably related to the mating system of this deep-sea species. This is the first attempt to study the reproductive biology of K . puravida , and additional observations will be necessary to shed more light on this matter.
Journal Article
Does the yeti exist?
\"In this fascinating book, a mysterious figure called the Mystery Master sets you the challenge of investigating all the myths and sightings surrounding the legendary Yeti and encourages you to analyse the information that you have gathered. Once you have read the information in this book, you can figure out for yourselves: Does the Yeti exist?\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Genetic analysis of hair samples attributed to yeti, bigfoot and other anomalous primates
In the first ever systematic genetic survey, we have used rigorous decontamination followed by mitochondrial 12S RNA sequencing to identify the species origin of 30 hair samples attributed to anomalous primates. Two Himalayan samples, one from Ladakh, India, the other from Bhutan, had their closest genetic affinity with a Palaeolithic polar bear, Ursus maritimus. Otherwise the hairs were from a range of known extant mammals.
Journal Article