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Juvenile drug courts are on the rise in the United States, as a result of a favorable political climate and justice officials' endorsement of the therapeutic jurisprudence movement--the concept of combining therapeutic care with correctional discipline. The goal is to divert nonviolent youth drug offenders into addiction treatment instead of long-term incarceration. Discretionary Justice overviews the system, taking readers behind the scenes of the juvenile drug court. Based on fifteen months of ethnographic fieldwork and interviews at a California court, Leslie Paik explores the staff's decision-making practices in assessing the youths' cases, concentrating on the way accountability and noncompliance are assessed. Using the concept of \"workability,\" Paik demonstrates how compliance, and what is seen by staff as \"noncompliance,\" are the constructed results of staff decisions, fluctuating budgets, and sometimes questionable drug test results. While these courts largely focus on holding youths responsible for their actions, this book underscores the social factors that shape how staff members view progress in the court. Paik also emphasizes the perspectives of children and parents. Given the growing emphasis on individual responsibility in other settings, such as schools and public welfare agencies, Paik's findings are relevant outside the juvenile justice system.

First Published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. Lydia Kokkola is a Collegium Researcher at the Turku Institute for Advanced Studies(TIAS) University of Turku, Finland. She is also Adjunct Professor of Children's Literature in English at Åbo Akademi University, Finland. \"Kokkola is committed to ethical criticism. She asks repeatedly how literature affects children’s thinking and beliefs about the Holocaust and fascism. This is a welcome approach, which is at its best, in my view...when it urges us to think seriously about the profound impact that literature can have on young readers...Kokkola combines theory and criticism of children’s literature with Holocaust studies in productive and knowledgeable ways.\" -- The Lion and the Unicorn \" Lydia Kokkola's study...is keenly narratological, and she often draws on formalist and structuralist approaches as she explicates texts. Like many before her, she is concerned with narratives that simultaneously reveal and conceal as they deal with horrific events, but the kinds of questions she asks focus specifically on how information can be withheld of divulged...Kokkola's approach also brings new dimensions to previous discussions of children's literature and the Holocaust.\" -- Prooftexts: A Journal of Jewish Literary History

This article examines Devorah Omer’s first two historical children’s novels, Ben-Yehuda’s Eldest Son and Sarah, Heroine of NILI (both published in 1967), as a case study for the ideological role played by historical fiction for children and youth in 1960s Israel. A comparison of the novels with the historical sources on which Omer relied reveals how the selection of the figures of Sarah Aaronsohn and Itamar Ben-Avi allowed her to create a narrative that crossed the political divide while presenting the difficulties experienced by children and women in their encounters with the national myth. Omer’s novels thus play a dual role: they preserve the Zionist narrative and shape a collective memory consistent with the establishment of a sovereign Jewish state, while also raising issues that call into question the national narrative’s hegemonic status.

The children’s book award is an ideological vehicle that communicates both implicit and explicit values to the wider world. For half a century, the Sydney Taylor Book Award has invoked criteria of literary excellence and authentic portrayals of Jewish experiences and the implicit cultural values that underpin them in its mission to recognize, celebrate, and perpetuate quality Jewish children’s literature. The award upholds and subverts cultural ideas of childhood, literary excellence, and Jewish authenticity in order to resist systems of power and dominant cultural narratives that seek to erase or flatten Jewish representation.

Article 15 is a popular phrase that represents the many tactics that urban occupants, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and in Kinshasa in particular, use to bypass apparent powerlessness in the face of hardship. In this article, I explore how Montreal- and Kinshasa-based journalist and writer Marie-Louise Mumbu's 2008 novel Samantha à Kinshasa transposes into fiction the urban delinquency, playfulness, and vibrancy of Article 15, so as to present a narrative version of it that is very much (un)structured like the everyday survival tactics it portrays. Some of the novel's most vibrant characters are the gangs of shégués, or street youth, whose resourcefulness involves navigating the line between legal and criminal activities in order to devise an inventive micro-economy of their own. Mumbu's novel shows the shégués as major characters worthy of space in the streets of Kinshasa and in her novel. Article 15 and the shégués have received scholarly attention as social phenomena; this article draws on this existing scholarship and a close reading of the characters of the shégués in Samantha à Kinshasa to rethink delinquency in its urban and narrative forms.

Examining important works of contemporary and canonical literature, this volume traces the history of youth gangs and their deleterious impact on modern society. Reviews In this fabulous resource for teachers and librarians, Johnson looks at twenty different examples from the world of literature, all of which explore the theme of youth gangs. VOYA

Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.

In almost all West-European countries and large parts of the world the governance of public safety tops political priorities at both national and local level. We can observe a growing attention for public safety issues in our cities and streets, resulting in local communities and authorities that increasingly have the possibility to deal with these issues in a rather autonomous way. In this contribution, I discuss the local governance of safety through a critical analysis and reflection of inherent, new regulatory tools within an administrative or civil framework. In doing so, I focus on the precarious position of three specific categories, i.e., minors and youth, panhandlers and ‘potential’ drug users. This analysis starts off with and draws a parallel to broader social and political trends, which criminologists have described as the shift from a ‘post-crime’ to a ‘pre-crime’ society where pre-emptive logics, mechanisms of exclusion and the criminalization of behavior tend to prevail.

Reducing secondary trauma for child-abuse victims and alleged juvenile delinquents who suffer jurigenic psychological harm by the legal system, which is designed to protect them, is a critically important goal. For almost twenty years, advocates in favor of presumptively opening juvenile courts to the press and public have argued that presumptively open courts provide abused children, their families, and the public a more responsive and better legal system than courts that are closed or that are discretionarity open based upon judges' decisions that openness will not unreasonably harm child abuse victims. The majority of evidence presented to support the superiority of presumptively open courts involves anecdotes, and very little evidence-based data has been provided to support open-court advocates' opinions and predictions. This study looks to federally mandated and private-institute evidencebased outcome measures to compare the quality of services rendered to abused children under presumptively open, closed, or discretionarity open child-abuse court systems. The cumulative results demonstrate that presumptively open juvenile courts do not outperform discretionarily-openor closed-court systems on objective child and family outcome measures. This evidence can be generalized to child delinquency courts as well, since a high percentage of alleged juvenile delinquents are often poly-victims themselves who can suffer added psychological trauma from juvenile delinquency-court publicity.