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Managing Transitions examines the history and roles of China's minor parties and groups (MPG's) in the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) united front between the 1930's and 1990's using Antonio Gramsci's principles for the winning and maintaining of hegemony. Gramsci advocated a \"war of position,\" the building of political alliances to isolate existing state powers and win consent for revolutionary rule and transform society. Economic reform is now creating new socio-economic groups and the CCP is adjusting the united front and the MPGs to co-opt their representatives and deliberately forestall the evolution of an autonomous civil society and middle class which could challenge CCP rule. This has resulted in a new and expanding role for the united front, the MPGs and organisations representing the new interest groups.

For the first time since its founding in 1921, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has adopted a new paradigm for its role in China. Abandoning its former identity as a 'revolutionary party', the CCP now regards itself as a 'governing party' committed to meeting the diverse needs of its people and realizing China's revitalization as a great power. Few studies are available on the CCP's adoption of this new identity and of its political implications. This book remedies that oversight by explaining the historic context, drivers, and meaning of the governing party paradigm.

After observing land reform in early 1951, Wu Jingchao (1901-68) was left with what he would soon describe as an \"unforgettable memory\". Like so many of the images to emerge from the campaigns to restructure agrarian land holdings in revolutionary China, Wu Jingchao's memory centered on a struggle meeting, in which class enemies were publicly denounced by their fellow villagers. The climax of the meeting occurred when a peasant jumped onto the struggle stage, \"ripped off his shirt and began beating on his chest\", before grabbing a landlord by the collar and pointing accusingly in his face. Wu's tale serves as a useful entry point into questioning and problematizing standard images of land reform, for such images of peasants and landlords, freshly labeled by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), inform common understandings of the campaigns. However, focusing only on the scene itself neglects the crucial role played by the observer and narrator, Qinghua University professor of sociology Wu Jingchao.

In a famous address at the Yan'an Conference on Literature and Art in May 1942, Mao Zedong told China's writers and artists that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) expected no less from them than unconditional loyalty. Even at that early stage, the ground rules for the censorship to come were explicitly in place. The official main purpose of literature and art was to serve the so-called masses. During his Yan'an address, Mao said: \"It would be a mistake to depart from this goal and anything at variance with it must be revised accordingly\". Within a few years, these words were applied in their most literal sense, and books were rewritten to conform to the directives of the CCP.