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Open Access has evolved into the most complex challenge of the scholarly publishing landscape and something libraries grapple with on a regular basis.But although librarians hold increasingly positive perceptions about OA, including its richness of unique content and immediacy of access, many lack the understanding, training, documentation, and.

Despite spending more than any other nation on medical care per person, the United States ranks behind other industrialized nations in key health performance measures. A main cause is the deep disparities in access to care and health outcomes. Federal programs such as the designations of Medically Underserved Areas/Populations and Health Professional Shortage Areas are designed to boost the number of health professionals serving these areas and to help alleviate the access problem. Their effectiveness relies first and foremost on an accurate measure of accessibility so that resources can be allocated to truly needy areas. Various measures of accessibility need to be integrated into one framework for comparison and evaluation. Optimization methods can be used to improve the distribution and supply of health care providers to maximize service coverage, minimize travel needs of patients, limit the number of facilities, and maximize health or access equality. Inequality in health care access comes at a personal and societal price, evidenced in disparities in health outcomes, including late-stage cancer diagnosis. This review surveys recent literature on the three named issues with emphasis on methodological advancements and implications for public policy.

The objectives of conservation science and dissemination of its research create a paradox: Conservation is about preserving the environment, yet scientists spread this message at conferences with heavy carbon footprints. Ecology and conservation science depend on global knowledge exchange—getting the best science to the places it is most needed. However, conference attendance from developed countries typically outweighs that from developing countries that are biodiversity and conservation hotspots. If any branch of science should be trying to maximize participation while minimizing carbon emissions, it is conservation. Virtual conferencing is common in other disciplines, such as education and humanities, but it is surprisingly underused in ecology and conservation. Adopting virtual conferencing entails a number of challenges, including logistics and unified acceptance, which we argue can be overcome through planning and technology. We examined 4 conference models: a pure-virtual model and 3 hybrid hub-and-node models, where hubs stream content to local nodes. These models collectively aim to mitigate the logistical and administrative challenges of global knowledge transfer. Embracing virtual conferencing addresses 2 essential prerequisites of modern conferences: lowering carbon emissions and increasing accessibility for remote, time- and resource-poor researchers, particularly those from developing countries. Los objetivos de la ciencia de la conservación y la difusión de su investigación genera una paradoja: la conservación se enfoca en preservar el ambiente, pero los científicos dispersan este mensaje en conferencias con huellas de carbono pesadas. La ecología y la ciencia de la conservación dependen del intercambio de conocimiento global - hacer llegar a la mejor ciencia a los lugares en donde es más necesitada. Sin embargo, la asistencia de países desarrollados a conferencias típicamente sobrepasa a aquella de países en desarrollo que son puntos calientes de biodiversidad y conservación. Si hay una rama de la ciencia que debería estar intentando maximizar la participación mientras minimiza las emisiones de carbono, es la conservación. Las conferencias virtuales son comunes en otras disciplinas, como la educación y las humanidades, pero está sorprendentemente subutilizada en la ecología y en la conservación. Adoptar las conferencias virtuales conlleva un número de retos, incluyendo la logística y la aceptación unánime, que discutimos pueden sobreponerse por medio de la planificación y la tecnología. Examinamos cuatro modelos de conferencias: un modelo puramente virtual y tres modelos híbridos de núcleo-y-nodo, en los que los núcleos transmiten el contenido a los nodos locales. Estos modelos buscan colectivamente mitigar los retos logísticos y administrativos de la transferencia global de conocimientos. La adopción de las conferencias virtuales resuelve dos prerrequisitos esenciales de las conferencias modernas: reducir las emisiones de carbono e incrementar la accesibilidad para los investigadores remotos y escasos de tiempo y recursos, particularmente aquellos en los países en desarrollo.

Most research on urban food deserts has employed spatial measures of accessibility, recording distances to various food stores from place of residence. Despite the popularity of this approach, empirical support for its prediction of dietary and health outcomes has been inconsistent. One reason might be the ways in which food deserts frame food access as fundamentally an issue of food supply. This article suggests a complementary approach that examines how store characteristics, neighborhood context, and individual mobility interact to shape food provisioning practices. I recruited thirty-eight participants living in two low-income neighborhoods of Minneapolis, Minnesota, tracking their daily mobility and the food sources they used over a five-day study period. Follow-up interviews gathered more information on the food stores used by participants. Project results show that participants were highly mobile in their food shopping, visiting 153 different locations on 217 different shopping trips at an average distance of 3.4 km from home. Reported store quality was closely tied to neighborhoods' economic and racial composition, and in several cases, food purchasing and consumption occurred en route to other destinations. Future research on urban food access could benefit by studying how food access is intertwined with broader livability issues such as housing and transportation.

The purpose of this study is to explain the challenges and opportunities of the Law on Dissemination and Free Access to Information in Iran. Hence, by referring to scholars in the field of law, formal and natural evaluation of Law on Dissemination and Free Access to Information was done. The method in this study is data-based, and deep interviews are used to analyze the different aspects of this issue. The statistical population in this study consists of scholars and experts of the law. The results obtained from the interviews led to the identification of three opportunities including good democracy and governance, prevention and fight against corruption and revival and implementation of the citizenship document.

Taxonomy is the foundation of biodiversity science because it furthers discovery of new species. Globally, there have never been so many people involved in naming species new to science. The number of new marine species described per decade has never been greater. Nevertheless, it is estimated that tens of thousands of marine species, and hundreds of thousands of terrestrial species, are yet to be discovered; many of which may already be in specimen collections. However, naming species is only a first step in documenting knowledge about their biology, biogeography, and ecology. Considering the threats to biodiversity, new knowledge of existing species and discovery of undescribed species and their subsequent study are urgently required. To accelerate this research, we recommend, and cite examples of, more and better communication: use of collaborative online databases; easier access to knowledge and specimens; production of taxonomic revisions and species identification guides; engagement of nonspecialists; and international collaboration. “Data‐sharing” should be abandoned in favor of mandated data publication by the conservation science community. Such a step requires support from peer reviewers, editors, journals, and conservation organizations. Online data publication infrastructures (e.g., Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Ocean Biogeographic Information System) illustrate gaps in biodiversity sampling and may provide common ground for long‐term international collaboration between scientists and conservation organizations.

Introduction: The present research examines the level of compliance with quality and transparency standards in diamond open access academic journals published by the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL). The study focuses on the evaluation of the implementation of practices that optimize the visibility, accessibility and reuse of academic content. Methodology: A documentary content analysis was conducted on the web platforms of 38 institutional journals. The evaluation was based on the principles of transparency and good practices established by international reference organizations, including The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), for the evaluation an instrument was used to rate these indicators which was created in the tool QuestionPro. Conclusions: The results reveal significant heterogeneity in compliance with the standards evaluated among the different institutional publications. This disparity in adherence to recommended practices suggests the existence of substantial gaps in the implementation of fundamental editorial policies. This variability in results represents both an institutional challenge and an opportunity for strategic development. The identification of successful practices within the university ecosystem itself provides a solid foundation for institutional development. These findings represent a critical opportunity to consolidate UANL's position in the field of open access publishing. Introducción: La presente investigación examina el nivel de cumplimiento de estándares de calidad y transparencia en las revistas académicas de acceso abierto diamante publicadas por la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL). El estudio se centra en la evaluación de la implementación de prácticas que optimizan la visibilidad, accesibilidad y reutilización de contenidos académicos. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis documental de contenido sobre las plataformas web de 38 revistas institucionales. La evaluación se fundamentó en los principios de transparencia y buenas prácticas establecidos por organismos internacionales de referencia, incluyendo The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA) y World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), para la evaluación se utilizó un instrumento para calificar esos indicadores el cual fue creado en la herramienta QuestionPro. Conclusiones: Los resultados revelan una heterogeneidad significativa en el cumplimiento de los estándares evaluados entre las diferentes publicaciones institucionales. Esta disparidad en la adherencia a las prácticas recomendadas sugiere la existencia de brechas sustanciales en la implementación de políticas editoriales fundamentales. Esta variabilidad en los resultados representa tanto un desafío institucional como una oportunidad de desarrollo estratégico. La identificación de prácticas exitosas dentro del propio ecosistema universitario proporciona una base sólida para el desarrollo institucional. Estos hallazgos representan una oportunidad crítica para consolidar la posición de la UANL en el ámbito de las publicaciones de acceso abierto.

This article want to invite the reader to a digression between the topics that make up the text, in order to think about them, debate them and use them as a starting point to deepen the knowledge and to seek information about the practices of workplace bullying, within intitutions (public or private), proposing na adaptation of this topic to the Theory of Autopoietic Social Systems, by Niklas Luhmann. The objective is to demonstrate moral harassment, including in the legal and social systems, as a circumstance that began to be observed with greater attention after social phenomena that exposed it, bringing it to the agenda of Society. The methodology applied to elaborate this work was the exploratory, with a qualitative approach and the bibliographical research technique. The themes of labor relations, moral harassment, the visibility that the issue has, of access to justice and the inclusion of the victim in the legal system are punctuated, covering aspects of management and analysis of guaranteed rights and ethical principles. O presente artigo busca convidar o leitor para uma digressão entre os tópicos que compõem o texto, a fim de pensar sobre eles, debate-los e utilizá-los como ponto de partida para aprofundar conhecimentos e buscar informações sobre as práticas de assédio moral, no âmbito das instituições (públicas ou privadas), propondo uma adaptação desse tema à Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais Autopoiéticos, de Niklas Luhmann. Objetiva-se demonstrar o assédio moral, incluso nos sistemas jurídico e social, na condição de circunstância que passou a ser observada com maior atenção após fenômenos sociais que o expuseram, trazendo-o para a pauta da sociedade. A metodologia aplicada para elaboração deste trabalho foi a exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Pontuam-se os temas das relações laborativas, do assédio moral, da visibilidade que o tema possui, do acesso à justiça e da inclusão da vítima no sistema jurídico, perpassando aspectos de gestão e análise de direitos e princípios éticos. Este artículo busca invitar al lector a una digresión entre los temas que componen el texto, con el fin de pensarlos, debatirlos y utilizarlos como punto de partida para profundizar en el conocimiento y buscar información sobre las prácticas de acoso moral, en el ámbito de las instituciones (públicas o privadas), proponiendo una adaptación de este tema a la Teoría de los Sistemas Sociales Autopoiéticos, por Niklas Luhmann. El objetivo es evidenciar el acoso moral, incluso en el ordenamiento jurídico y social, como una circunstancia que comenzó a observarse con mayor atención luego de fenómenos sociales que lo exponían, llevándolo a la agenda de la sociedad. La metodología aplicada para la elaboración de este trabajo fue exploratoria, con un enfoque cualitativo y la técnica de investigación bibliográfica. Se destacan los temas de las relaciones laborales, el acoso moral, la visibilidad que tiene el tema, el acceso a la justicia y la inclusión de la víctima en el ordenamiento jurídico, pasando por aspectos de gestión y análisis de derechos y princípios éticos.

Most dissociative individuals reported barriers to accessing and continuing mental health treatment. It is imperative more clinicians are trained to treat dissociation and that insurers and health care systems recognize the need for specialized, dissociation treatment. Dissociative disorders (DDs) are characterized by interruptions of identity, thought, memory, emotion, perception, and consciousness. Patients with DDs are at high risk for engaging in dangerous behaviours, such as self-harm and suicidal acts; yet, only between 28% and 48% of individuals with DDs receive mental health treatment. Patients that do pursue treatment are often misdiagnosed, repeatedly hospitalized, and experience disbelief from providers about their trauma history and dissociative symptoms. Lack of dissociation-specific treatment can result in poor quality of life, severe symptoms requiring utilization of hospitalization and intensive outpatient treatment, and high rates of disability. Given the extensive and debilitating symptoms experienced by individuals with DDs and the infrequent utilization of treatment, the current study explored barriers to accessing and continuing mental health treatment for individuals with dissociative symptoms and DDs. A total of 276 participants with self-reported dissociative symptoms were recruited via online social media platforms. Participants completed a survey which featured 35 possible barriers to accessing treatment and 45 possible reasons for discontinuing treatment, along with open text boxes for adding barriers/reasons that were not listed. Results showed 97% of participants experienced one or more barriers to accessing treatment (M = 9 barriers) and 92% stopped treatment with a provider due to at least one of the reasons captured in the survey (e.g. limited insurance coverage, poor therapeutic alliance, disbelief from providers, etc.; M = 7 barriers). The most frequently endorsed barriers were structural barriers, such as those related to finances, insurance, and lack of provider availability. It is imperative more service providers are trained to treat dissociation and that insurers and health care systems recognize the need for specialized, dissociation-focused treatment.

Introduction: Income inequality is often tolerated and justified, but when it brings about disparities in other domains of life (e.g., health or education), it may be seen with different eyes. In this research, we aimed to explore concerns regarding economic inequality in health, education, and income, and its relationship to supporting collective actions to reduce inequality. Method: We used survey data (N = 20,204, 18 countries) from the Latinobarometer 2020. We conducted descriptive analyses, latent class analyses, and analyses of multilevel linear regression to test our hypothesis. Results: We found that people were more concerned about health access and education opportunities than income inequality. We also identified two classes of people: one class concerned about education and health and the other unconcerned about inequality in any domain. In addition, results showed that all concerns and class membership predicted greater support of collective actions to reduce inequality. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that concerns about education and health disparities may serve to increase awareness of overall inequality and mobilise the public.