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Dynamic linkage between industrialization, energy consumption, carbon emission, and agricultural products export of Pakistan: an ARDL approach
This study aims to contribute to the literature and examine the causal relationship between Pakistan’s agricultural products export, industrialization, urbanization, transportation, energy consumption, and carbon emissions. For the last four decades, time-series data were used to employ short-run and long-run nexus between the selected variables by analyzing the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). The Granger causality test was analyzed to estimate the causality directions. The unit root test results indicate that all the selected variables are stationary at the level and first difference. The bound test confirmed that all variables are cointegrated at a 1% significance level. Long-run estimates suggest that an increase in energy consumption will increase the export of agricultural products. An increase in urbanization, transportation, and carbon emission resulted in a decrease in agricultural products export in Pakistan. In the short run, an increase in industrialization, transportation, and energy consumption leads to an increase in agricultural products export. Increasing urbanization and carbon emission decrease the agricultural products export of Pakistan. Based on our findings, we recommend sustainable agricultural production, renewable energy consumption, low carbon emission technologies, and a green portfolio for sustainable agricultural products export.
Journal Article
Research on the Time-Dependent Split Delivery Green Vehicle Routing Problem for Fresh Agricultural Products with Multiple Time Windows
Due to the diversity and the different distribution conditions of agricultural products, split delivery plays an important role in the last mile distribution of agricultural products distribution. The time-dependent split delivery green vehicle routing problem with multiple time windows (TDSDGVRPMTW) is studied by considering both economic cost and customer satisfaction. A calculation method for road travel time across time periods was designed. A satisfaction measure function based on a time window and a measure function of the economic cost was employed by considering time-varying vehicle speeds, fuel consumption, carbon emissions and customers’ time windows. The object of the TDSDGVRPMTW model is to minimize the sum of the economic cost and maximize average customer satisfaction. According to the characteristics of the model, a variable neighborhood search combined with a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (VNS-NSGA-II) was designed. Finally, the experimental data show that the proposed approaches effectively reduce total distribution costs and promote energy conservation and customer satisfaction.
Journal Article
Innovations and techno-ecological transition
\"This book aims to present a systemic perspective to energetic transition to a discarbonated society implying an increase of energetic efficiency of current production process, new way of energy production -- integration of renewable energies, re-use of wastes. Main societal functions are analyzed in order to highlight the ongoing process of technological and non-technological innovations: transport and mobility, food, building. The purpose of this book is to analyze from a global perspective the energetic innovative system on building and to understand the limits of its development and potential new actions.\" -- Publisher's website.
Book
Research on origin-based cold storage location and routing optimization of fresh agricultural products based on hybrid whale algorithm
With the focus on the insufficient origin-based cold storage in China, this study investigates the location and routing problem (LRP) of origin-based cold storage for fresh agricultural products. This study considers the loss of fresh agricultural products in different environments during transportation and presents a cold storage LRP model. To address this issue, a hybrid whale algorithm with heuristic rules is designed, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by standard instances. Finally, taking Chenggu County as a practical case, the influence of cold storage capacity and farmers’ demand for refrigeration are analysed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a good effect in solving medium-scale LRP. As the storage capacity increases, the total cost of the system can be increased by 0.086%. As farmers’ demand for refrigeration increases, the total cost of the system can be increased by 34.034%. Farmers’ demand has a greater impact on the system’s total costs than the cold storage capacity. When optimizing the cold storage layout, changes in fresh agricultural product output in the next few years can be roughly predicted, and the most economical optimization scheme can be obtained.
Journal Article
Opération Mange-Gardiens : non au gaspillage alimentaire!
\"Un tiers des aliments produits dans le monde n'est mangé par personne et jeté aux ordures. À l'échelle planétaire, le gaspillage alimentaire représente le volume faramineux de 1,3 milliard de tonnes de fruits, de légumes, de viandes, de laitages et de céréales... À chaque seconde, on détruit 41 tonnes de nourriture comestible à travers le monde, alors que plus de 345 millions de personnes souffrent de la faim. Opération mange-gardiens, un documentaire fouillé et incontournable pour sensibiliser les jeunes au gaspillage alimentaire et pour leur donner des outils afin qu'ils deviennent à leur tour de véritables « mange-gardiens »\"--Publisher's website.
Book
Blockchain-based proxy re-encryption access control method for biological risk privacy protection of agricultural products
In today’s globalized agricultural system, information leakage of agricultural biological risk factors can lead to business risks and public panic, jeopardizing corporate reputation. To solve the above problems, this study constructs a blockchain network for agricultural product biological risk traceability based on agricultural product biological risk factor data to achieve traceability of biological risk traceability data of agricultural product supply chain to meet the sustainability challenges. To guarantee the secure and flexible sharing of agricultural product biological risk privacy information and limit the scope of privacy information dissemination, the blockchain-based proxy re-encryption access control method (BBPR-AC) is designed. Aiming at the problems of proxy re-encryption technology, such as the third-party agent being prone to evil, the authorization judgment being cumbersome, and the authorization process not automated, we design the proxy re-encryption access control mechanism based on the traceability of agricultural products’ biological risk factors. Designing an attribute-based access control (ABAC) mechanism based on the traceability blockchain for agricultural products involves defining the attributes of each link in the agricultural supply chain, formulating policies, and evaluating and executing these policies, deployed in the blockchain system in the form of smart contracts. This approach achieves decentralization of authorization and automation of authority judgment. By analyzing the data characteristics within the agricultural product supply chain to avoid the malicious behavior of third-party agents, the decentralized blockchain system acts as a trusted third-party agent, and the proxy re-encryption is combined with symmetric encryption to improve the encryption efficiency. This ensures a efficient encryption process, making the system safe, transparent, and efficient. Finally, a prototype blockchain system for traceability of agricultural biological risk factors is built based on Hyperledger Fabric to verify this research method’s reliability, security, and efficiency. The experimental results show that this research scheme’s initial encryption, re-encryption, and decryption sessions exhibit lower computational overheads than traditional encryption methods. When the number of policies and the number of requests in the access control session is 100, the policy query latency is less than 400 ms, the request-response latency is slightly more than 360ms, and the data uploading throughput is 48.7 tx/s. The data query throughput is 81.8 tx/s, the system performance consumption is low and can meet the biological risk privacy protection needs of the agricultural supply chain. The BBPR-AC method proposed in this study provides ideas for achieving refined traceability management in the agricultural supply chain and promoting digital transformation in the agricultural industry.
Journal Article
Spatial effects of market integration on the industrial agglomeration of agricultural products: evidence from China
The spatial effects of agricultural market integration on industrial agglomeration are an important field of regional economic. This paper collected the data of agricultural market integration and industrial agglomeration in 31 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019, analyzed the spatial effects of the two by constructing a dynamic spatial Dubin model, and explored its long-term and short-term effects of the spatial effects. The results show the following: (1) the primary terms of agricultural market integration were negative and the secondary terms were positive. The impact of agricultural market integration on local industrial agglomeration had a “U-shaped” characteristic. Whether in the short-term or long-term, there was a significant direct effect of “suppression to promotion.” (2) The agricultural market integration had a spatial spillover effect on industrial agglomeration in the neighboring areas. This effect had an “inverted U-shaped” characteristic. Whether in the short-term or long-term, there was a prominent spatial spillover effect of “promotion to suppression.” (3) For direct effects, the short-term direct effects of agricultural market integration on industrial agglomeration were − 0.0452 and 0.0077, and the long-term direct effects were − 0.2430 and 0.0419. For spatial spillover effects, the short-term spatial spillover effects were 0.0983 and − 0.0179, and the long-term spatial spillover effects were 0.4554 and − 0.0827. The long-term effects were greater than the short-term effects. This paper provides empirical evidence for the effects of agricultural market integration on industrial agglomeration in different regions, and exploring the development of agricultural agglomeration in the long-term.
Journal Article
Design of agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain and RFID
Ensuring the traceability of agricultural products is essential for quality control and food safety. Recent technological advances have provided new ways to enhance traceability systems. This study aims to use blockchain technology, centralized database and RFID tags to develop a secure agricultural product traceability system, retain the detailed information of agricultural products traceability, ensure that the summary information of agricultural products on the chain cannot be modified, and optimize the SM3 algorithm to effectively summarize the traceability data and improve the efficiency of the system. The aggregated data is time-stamped, recorded on the blockchain, and written into an RFID tag. The optimization of the SM3 algorithm improved the efficiency by 30% and reduced the execution time of 192-byte messages to 210µs. The system ensures accurate linking of traceability data through secure data retention and unalterable summaries on the blockchain. The integrated use of blockchain, centralized database and RFID technology, as well as the enhanced SM3 algorithm, allows the system to meet the standards for data accuracy and performance requirements in agricultural traceability applications.
Journal Article