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"amoeba"
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Deadly disease of doom
When Squish, a meek amoeba who loves the comic book exploits of his favorite hero, \"Super Amoeba,\" starts feeling sick, he worries he has caught a deadly illness.
Book
Captain Disaster
Squish, comic book fan and grade school amoeba, is made captain of his soccer team and following the example of his favorite superhero, must figure out how to turn a losing streak around without losing his friends.
Book
Correction: Pathogenic waterborne free-living amoebae: An update from selected Southeast Asian countries
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169448.].
Journal Article
Super Amoeba
Squish, a meek amoeba who loves the comic book exploits of his favorite hero, \"Super Amoeba,\" tries to emulate him when his best friend is threatened by a bully.
BOOK
Free-living amoebae and squatters in the wild: ecological and molecular features
Free-living amoebae are protists frequently found in water and soils. They feed on other microorganisms, mainly bacteria, and digest them through phagocytosis. It is accepted that these amoebae play an important role in the microbial ecology of these environments. There is a renewed interest for the free-living amoebae since the discovery of pathogenic bacteria that can resist phagocytosis and of giant viruses, underlying that amoebae might play a role in the evolution of other microorganisms, including several human pathogens. Recent advances, using molecular methods, allow to bring together new information about free-living amoebae. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the newly gathered insights into (1) the free-living amoeba diversity, assessed with molecular tools, (2) the gene functions described to decipher the biology of the amoebae and (3) their interactions with other microorganisms in the environment.
Journal Article
Brave new pond
Starting a new school year, Squish, a meek amoeba who loves the comic book exploits of his favorite hero, \"Super Amoeba,\" is determined to get picked for kickball and hang out with the cool kids.
BOOK
Amoeba Genome Reveals Dominant Host Contribution to Plastid Endosymbiosis
Eukaryotic photosynthetic organelles, plastids, are the powerhouses of many aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The canonical plastid in algae and plants originated >1 Ga and therefore offers limited insights into the initial stages of organelle evolution. To address this issue, we focus here on the photosynthetic amoeba Paulinella micropora strain KR01 (hereafter, KR01) that underwent a more recent (∼124 Ma) primary endosymbiosis, resulting in a photosynthetic organelle termed the chromatophore. Analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data resulted in a high-quality draft assembly of size 707 Mb and 32,361 predicted gene models. A total of 291 chromatophore-targeted proteins were predicted in silico, 208 of which comprise the ancestral organelle proteome in photosynthetic Paulinella species with functions, among others, in nucleotide metabolism and oxidative stress response. Gene coexpression analysis identified networks containing known high light stress response genes as well as a variety of genes of unknown function (“dark” genes). We characterized diurnally rhythmic genes in this species and found that over 49% are dark. It was recently hypothesized that large double-stranded DNA viruses may have driven gene transfer to the nucleus in Paulinella and facilitated endosymbiosis. Our analyses do not support this idea, but rather suggest that these viruses in the KR01 and closely related P. micropora MYN1 genomes resulted from a more recent invasion.
Journal Article
The power of the Parasite
At swim camp, Squish's new friend Basil helps him avoid learning to swim with pranks that sometimes go too far, but the comic book exploits of Squish's idol, \"Super Amoeba,\" help him deal with Basil and conquer his fear.
BOOK
Extensive environmental survey of free-living amoebae and their elusive association with Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
Free-living amoebae (FLA) are described as environmental reservoirs for some bacteria able to resist their phagocytosis. In the environment, the fate of Mycobacterium bovis (Mbo) and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) responsible for bovine tuberculosis and paratuberculosis, respectively, remains poorly understood and is considered potentially problematic in the eradication and control of these diseases. We hypothesize that FLA may play a role in the persistence of Mbo and Map in the environment. In this study, 90 samples were collected from herds affected by one or both diseases to investigate the diversity of amoeba and their associated bacteria. Metabarcoding analyses revealed that Acanthamoeba, Copromyxa, Naegleria, and Vermamoeba were the most represented genera of FLA, with Pseudomonadota being the bacteria most commonly found associated with FLA. Although no Mbo and Map DNA were identified by sequencing, traces were detected by ddPCR (digital droplet PCR), specifically targeting these bacteria. In conclusion, we described a wide diversity of FLA and associated bacteria in this environment. It also suggests that Map and Mbo could be associated, even weakly, with FLA in the environment. However, this needs to be confirmed by detecting a highest amount of DNA and, if possible, cultivable Map and/or Mbo associated with these environmental FLA.
Journal Article