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The texts of Estonian literary classic A. H. Tammsaare (1878-1940) can be read as mediating contradictory fin de siècle discourses of modernity. The emergence of these discourses was the effect of an accelerated process of socioeconomic modernization. This article analyzes constructions of femininity in Tammsaare's literary texts through his women protagonists. The construction of these protagonists can meaningfully be traced to the increasingly insistent presence of women in the public sphere throughout Europe and in Estonia at the period of fin de siècle. Although Tammsaare's texts speak by means of feminist discourses, his constructions of femininity lean toward the negative, misogynistic pole of these reactions to emancipated and \"new\" women. His analysis of womanhood often refers to the misogynist theory of gender in Otto Weininger's popular treatise Geschlecht und Charakter. Eine prinzipielle Untersuchung (Sex and Character. An Investigation of Fundamental Principles), which came out 1903.

This essay is a feminist rhetorical analysis of recurring gender-related problems in presidential campaigns, focusing particularly on the 1992 campaign. I examine 39 speeches from the Democratic and Republican National Conventions (1972-1992) for discussion of women's issues, women's roles, and men's roles, and conclude that the anti-feminist \"backlash\"; of the 1980s has taken a serious toll on public attention to women's issues. When politicians spoke of women's concerns, they largely ignored actual issues, and instead focused their attention on women's roles in society. Men's roles were also a central focus, as each presidential candidate sought to convince the voting public to cast him as the Leading Man.

Gender Talk provides a powerful case for the application of discursive psychology and conversation analysis to feminism, guiding the reader through cutting edge debates and providing valuable evidence of the benefits of fine-grained, discursive methodologies. In particular, the book concentrates on discourse and conversation analysis, providing a full account of these methodologies through the detailed study of data from a variety of settings, including focus groups, interviews, and naturally occurring sources. Providing a thorough review of the relevant literature and recent research, this book demonstrates how discourse and conversation analysis can be applied to rework central feminist notions and concepts, ultimately revealing their full potential and relevance to other disciplines. Each chapter provides an overview of traditional feminist research and covers subjects including: * Sex differences in language: conversation and interruption * Reformulating context, power and asymmetry * Gender identity categories: masculinity and femininity. This unique and thought-provoking application of discursive and conversation analytic methodologies will be of interest to students and researchers in social psychology, sociology, gender studies and cultural studies. Susan A. Speer is a Lecturer in Language and Communication at the University of Manchester School of Psychological Sciences. She is currently Principal Investigator on a three year project 'Transsexual Identities: Constructions of Gender in an NHS Gender Identity Clinic', which is part of the ESRC Social Identities and Social Action Research Programme. Susan was previously a Lecturer in Sociology and Communication at the Department of Human Sciences at Brunel University. Feminism, Discourse and Conversation Analysis: Mapping the Terrain. Gender and Language: ‘Sex Difference’ Perspectives. Gender and Identity: Poststructuralist and Ethnomethodological Perspectives. A Feminist, Conversation Analytic Approach. Reconceptualizing Gender Identity: ‘Hegemonic Masculinity’ and ‘The World Out There’. Reconceptualizing Prejudice: ‘Heterosexist Talk’ and ‘The World in Here’. Questions, Conclusions and Applications. Postscript: The Future Of Feminist CA: Methodological Issues. \"This is the most comprehensive and groundbreaking work to date in the field of gender and discourse research. Speer has taken gender and language studies beyond the current focus on postmodernism to an engagement with ethnomethodology, conversation analysis and discursive psychology. Speer clinically lays out the theoretical and analytic issues in a range of contemporary perspectives, and in doing so produces a clear, concise yet sophisticated book that is essential reading for anyone interested in gender, language or feminism.\" - Elizabeth Stokoe, Lecturer in Social Psychology, Loughborough University \"I thoroughly enjoyed this book. It is a cioncise and authoritative account of the potential for feminist discursive research that draws on Conversation Analysis and Discursive Psychology. Undergraduate students of gender and discourse will benefit from the clarity of the arguments and analytic examples. the book ispires, and even demands action from researchers.\" - Clare Stockhill, St. Martin's College, Carlisle, in Feminism and Psychology , November 2006.

This book explores what it means to 'only talk feminist here' in the contemporary neoliberal university. How do feminist academics effect change? How are feminist voices sounded, heard, received, silenced, and masked? We Only Talk Feminist Here offers insight into the complexities, contradictions, and possibilities of 'talking feminist'; of writing as speaking, problematising notions of voice and agency, of speaking into the silences and the ways in which we fight for and flee to feminist spaces, and of talking back. This book presents new possibilities for framing 'talking feminist' differently, by exploring what we say, when we say it, how we say it, and what it means when we do any of these things in terms of our multiple and shifting feminist subjectivities. We Only Talk Feminist Here draws upon interviews and conversations with feminist academics in Australia to demonstrate the performative and discursive moves feminist academics make in order to be heard and effect change to the gendered status quo in Australian higher education.

Eighteenth-century Spanish women were not idle bystanders during one of Europe's most dynamic eras. As Theresa Ann Smith skillfully demonstrates in this lively and absorbing book, Spanish intellectuals, calling for Spain to modernize its political, social, and economic institutions, brought the question of women's place to the forefront, as did women themselves. In explaining how both discourse and women's actions worked together to define women's roles in the nation,The Emerging Female Citizennot only illustrates the rising visibility of women, but also reveals the complex processes that led to women's relatively swift exit from most public institutions in the early 1800s. As artists, writers, and reformers, Spanish women took up pens, joined academies and economic societies, formedtertulias-similar to French salons-and became active in the burgeoning public discourse of Enlightenment. In analyzing the meaning of women's presence in diverse centers of Enlightenment, Smith offers a new interpretation of the dynamics among political discourse, social action, and gender ideologies.

Feminism is Queer is an introduction to the intimately related disciplines of gender and queer theory.Whilst guiding the reader through complex theory, the author develops the original position of queer feminism, which presents queer theory as continuous with feminist theory.

A generation after the publication of Joan W. Scott's influential essay, Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis, this volume explores the current uses of the term -- and the ongoing influence of Scott's agenda-setting work in history and other disciplines. How has the study of gender, independently or in conjunction with other axes of difference -- such as race, class, and sexuality -- inflected existing fields of study and created new ones? To what extent has this concept modified or been modified by related paradigms such as women's and queer studies? With what discursive politics does the term engage, and with what effects? In what settings, and through what kinds of operations and transformations, can gender remain a useful category in the 21st century? Leading scholars from history, philosophy, literature, art history, and other fields examine how gender has translated into their own disciplinary perspectives.

Finalist for the 2011 ForeWord Book of the Year in the Women's Issues Category Crystals, Reiki, Tarot, Goddess worship—why do these New Age tokens and practices capture the imagination of so many women? How has New Age culture become even more appealing than feminism? And are the two mutually exclusive? By examining New Age practices from macrobiotics to goddess worship to Native rituals, Feminism's New Age: Gender, Appropriation, and the Afterlife of Essentialism seeks to answer these questions by examining white women's participation in this hugely popular spiritual movement. While most feminist approaches to the New Age phenomenon have simply dismissed its adherents for their politically problematic racial appropriation practices, Karyln Crowley looks honestly at the political shortcomings of New Age beliefs and practices while simultaneously reckoning with the affective, political, and cultural motivations which have prompted New Age women's individual and collective spiritualities. New Age spirituality is in fact the dynamic outgrowth of a long-standing tradition of women's social and political power expressed through religious writings, art, and public discourse, and is key to understanding contemporary women's history and religion's role in modern American culture alike. Crowley offers a new and provocative assessment of the significance of the New Age movement, seen through a feminist and critical race studies lens.

This edited volume brings together scholars from psychology, linguistics, sociology and communication science to investigate how performative notions of gender and sexuality can be fruitfully explored with the rich set of tools that have been developed by conversation analysis and discursive psychology for analyzing everyday practical language use, agency and identity in talk.Contributors re-examine the foundations of earlier research on gender in spoken interaction, critically appraise this research to see if and how it 'translates' successfully into the study of sexuality in talk, and promote innovative alternatives that integrate the insights of recent feminist and queer theory with qualitative studies of talk and conversation. Detailed empirical analyses of naturally occurring talk are used to uncover how gender and sexual identities, agencies and desires are contingently accomplished in conversational practices. Collectively, they pose the important question of what a critical theory of talk, gender and sexuality ought to look like if it is to be sensitive to a politics of conversation analysis.