Explore the vast range of titles available.

The study analyses the hidden relationship between transport and ICT use for an extensive sample of 26,500 EU citizens. To that aim, a fuzzy clustering Eco-extended apostle model is applied to both latent variables: interurban transport trips and ICT use. The interurban long-distance trip (LDT) latent variable is measured by four different indicators (long- and medium-distance trips for work and leisure in the past twelve months), and the ICT use is based on a ten-item scale that provides information on different transport modes. The fuzzy Eco-extended apostle model is compared with the classical apostle model, translating the satisfaction and loyalty dimensions to our case. The fuzzy clustering model shows that most EU citizens are similar to the representative citizen who moved and used ICT at very low rates (56.5 and 50.4 per cent, respectively). The classical apostle model shows that the quadrants low LDT–high ICT and low LDT–low ICT are more represented by 38.5 and 35.2 per cent, respectively. However, the Eco-extended apostle model reinforces the results of the quadrant of low LDT–low ICT (40.22%) but softens those obtained in the quadrant of low LDT–high ICT (21.01%). Interesting insights of the effects of gender, age, education, and employment status are discussed.

Generally, the current scenario in the hyperactive corporate world, and specifically in the telecom sector, renders companies to compete concurrently on two fronts: Expansion of their customer base and the retention of their current customers. In order to explore and examine the latter concept, the current study hypothesizes the effects of sustainable service quality on customer loyalty with a mediating role of customer satisfaction conceptualized through the reciprocity theory. The study also considers the suggested moderating role of switching cost by theorizing the Apostle model. Pertinently, the satisfied customer may not be loyal if the switching cost is low, since the dynamics of the switching cost provide a useful insight into the phenomenon of retaining the customers through customer satisfaction. The research opts for explanatory study where data were conveniently collected. The study has used the PROCESS macro model 4 and 14 to analyze the data. Findings reveal that the role of customer satisfaction is significant but the effect of the switching cost was considered to be insignificant, elucidating that a satisfied customer will remain loyal even if the switching cost is low. It means that sustaining service quality longitudinally did not affect customer loyalty in the presence of a low switching cost. With a view to complement the study, managerial implications of a switching cost have also been discussed.

The study aims to analyse how framing (recommending versus complaining) affects the measurement of destination loyalty. It focuses on international tourists who visited South Africa, and evaluated loyalty through the two framings. The study tests whether loyalty can be measured by reversing the scale based on complaining, assuming that a lack of complaints is positively related to the recommending framing. The study employs a hybrid fuzzy TOPSIS method and fuzzy clustering to analyse tourist responses. The dataset includes eight items related to key service sectors: accommodation, attractions, food and beverages, and immigration services. A three type fuzzy clustering solution is obtained to classify the respondents based on their likelihood to recommend or complain. The study identifies drivers and barriers influencing loyalty behaviour in two controversial quadrants: those who neither recommend nor complain, and those who recommend while complaining. Key barriers include shopping motivations and travelling with extended family, while drivers include being a postgraduate and travelling with children. The results indicate that framing significantly affects how tourists express their loyalty, finding that different wording leads to varied responses. Framing of loyalty constructs has a crucial impact on results, thereby offering new insights for scholars and practitioners in tourism loyalty measurement.

The debate on national identity has been receiving more attention from academics, social planners, and the public in recent years. This study aims to analyse citizens’ different national identity typologies using data from the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) in two waves: 2003 and 2013. The study is based on 10 countries for which the dimensions of the national identity construct are first examined through multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA). Then, a fuzzy hybrid approach is used to obtain two synthetic indicators for each dimension of national identity, namely ethnic and civic orientations. Then, a fuzzy clustering analysis is used to extend the Classical Apostle Model, obtaining 16 different national identity categories that expand the four Apostle categories denominated as credentialists, post-nationalists, ethnic-oriented and civic-oriented. The study ends by applying the Binary Probit Model to analyse whether some socioeconomic characteristics can partly explain the four pure national identity categories. Our results show that people seem to be increasingly credentialists. Furthermore, the civic–ethnic dichotomy of France–Germany is no longer confirmed, as Germans appear to be included in the civic-oriented national identity group.

The study analyzes national identity using the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) database for the waves of 2003 and 2013. First, the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and the Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) are used to find the dimensions of the items included in the national identity module. Second, the civic and ethnic dimensions are analyzed through both a fuzzy clustering analysis and an extended apostle model to classify citizens’ national identity as the following: (1) post nationalists; (2) ethnic oriented; (3) civic-oriented; (4) credentialists. Third, the fuzzy eco-extended apostle model is applied to analyze 16 different national identity categories, for which the four pure mentioned categories are further studied. Fourth, the effects of some social characteristics, such as country-year, political orientation-year, and age-year, on the respective pure national Identity categories are studied using two distinct approaches, namely, contingency tables and conditional probability ratios. Results show that citizens tend to be more pure-credentialist than any other category and that social characteristics play a determinant role in explaining each category of citizens’ national identity.

This article explores how literary features are statistically distributed in the Christian apostle Paul’s letters. While several decades of occasional research have applied statistics to Paul’s letters, most if not all previous such approaches have either assumed that Paul’s language follows a normal distribution or ignored the question of statistical distribution entirely. The nature of feature distribution—be the features vocabulary words or second-order features chosen by the analyst—is a crucial component of any statistical analysis, and the dearth of work in this area therefore forms a major hole in mathematical approaches to Paul’s letters. This paper addresses this hole in scholarship by comparing two possible models for Paul’s various literary techniques: the Poisson distribution versus the negative binomial distribution.

Island biogeography theory is a foundational ecological concept that describes how island or habitat patch size and isolation predict biodiversity, but few have studied how the effects of island biogeography vary with life history characteristics of temperate mammal communities. From 2014 to 2020, we surveyed volant and nonvolant mammals within the Apostle Islands archipelago (Wisconsin, USA) using camera trapping, live trapping, and acoustic monitoring. We used linear regression and information‐theoretic model selection to evaluate the effects of island size and isolation on indices of biodiversity. We also examined the effects of life history characteristics (i.e., body mass, winter inactivity) on the relative abundance and distribution of each species on the islands and the mainland. For volant mammals, island size and isolation were not associated with any metrics of diversity. We found island size was positively associated with nonvolant mammal species richness and diversity, but not species evenness. Island isolation was not a significant predictor for small nonvolant mammal diversity, although both size and isolation appeared to influence island biogeography of medium‐large nonvolant mammals. We also found that the interaction between winter inactivity and body mass influenced the vagility of nonvolant mammals in the archipelago. Our results suggest that life history characteristics are important in mediating species responses to biogeography, supporting the dispersal‐limitation nonequilibrium view of island biogeography theory, particularly for nonvolant mammals.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es triple: recordar el papel de María Magdalena en la construcción del cristianismo; dar a conocer la figura de sor Juana de la Cruz como teóloga, además de como visionaria; y comprender fenomenológicamente la interpretación que esta mujer hace del papel de María en la construcción del cristianismo. El primero pasa por aceptar una reconfiguración hermenéutica de la imagen de la santa apóstola a partir de los evangelios canónicos; el segundo se cumple al comprender la profundidad de la cosmovisión cristiana de la santa Juana; y el tercero se produce en el momento en que nos valemos de una reinterpretada fenomenología de la religión para dar voz a la terciaria tardomedieval, y analizar el papel de Magdalena en dos de sus sermones, poniendo el foco de la discípula en su relación, primero, con Jesús de Nazaret; luego, con Jesucristo, esto es, Jesús resucitado y, finalmente, con el Logos omnisciente. Tras alcanzar el centro espiritual en el que se encuentra Dios que es la santa Trinidad, se llega a la conclusión de que la santa Juana mantiene la imagen canónica-oficial de María Magdalena, sin que por ello deje de reivindicar su palabra, esto es, la buena nueva entregada por el mismo Jesucristo resucitado, como esencia de la construcción del cristianismo. The aim of this paper is threefold: a) to vindicate the role of Mary Magdalene in the construction of Christianity; b) make known the figure of Sister Juana de la Cruz as a theologian, as well as a visionary; and c) understand phenomenologically the interpretation that this woman makes of Mary’s role in the construction of Christianity. The first involves accepting a hermeneutical reconfiguration of the image of the holy apostle based on the canonical gospels; the second one is fulfilled by understanding the depth of the Christian worldview of Saint Joan; and the third takes place when we use an updated phenomenology of religion to give voice to the late medieval tertiary and to analyze the role of Magdalene in two of her sermons, placing the focus of the disciple on her relationship, first, with Jesus of Nazareth; then, with Jesus Christ, that is, the resurrected Jesus and, finally, with the omniscient Logos. After reaching the spiritual core in which God is found, which is the Holy Trinity, we reach the conclusion that Sister Juana maintains the canonical-official image of Mary Magdalene, without ceasing to vindicate her word, that is, the good news delivered by the resurrected Jesus Christ himself, as the essence of the construction of Christianity. El objetivo del presente trabajo es triple: recordar el papel de María Magdalena en la construcción del cristianismo; dar a conocer la figura de sor Juana de la Cruz como teóloga, además de como visionaria; y comprender fenomenológicamente la interpretación que esta mujer hace del papel de María en la construcción del cristianismo. El primero pasa por aceptar una reconfiguración hermenéutica de la imagen de la santa apóstola a partir de los evangelios canónicos; el segundo se cumple al comprender la profundidad de la cosmovisión cristiana de la santa Juana; y el tercero se produce en el momento en que nos valemos de una reinterpretada fenomenología de la religión para dar voz a la terciaria tardomedieval, y analizar el papel de Magdalena en dos de sus sermones, poniendo el foco de la discípula en su relación, primero, con Jesús de Nazaret; luego, con Jesucristo, esto es, Jesús resucitado y, finalmente, con el Logos omnisciente. Tras alcanzar el centro espiritual en el que se encuentra Dios que es la santa Trinidad, se llega a la conclusión de que la santa Juana mantiene la imagen canónica-oficial de María Magdalena, sin que por ello deje de reivindicar su palabra, esto es, la buena nueva entregada por el mismo Jesucristo resucitado, como esencia de la construcción del cristianismo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es triple: recordar el papel de María Magdalena en la construcción del cristianismo; dar a conocer la figura de sor Juana de la Cruz como teóloga, además de como visionaria; y comprender fenomenológicamente la interpretación que esta mujer hace del papel de María en la construcción del cristianismo. El primero pasa por aceptar una reconfiguración hermenéutica de la imagen de la santa apóstola a partir de los evangelios canónicos; el segundo se cumple al comprender la profundidad de la cosmovisión cristiana de la santa Juana; y el tercero se produce en el momento en que nos valemos de una reinterpretada fenomenología de la religión para dar voz a la terciaria tardomedieval, y analizar el papel de Magdalena en dos de sus sermones, poniendo el foco de la discípula en su relación, primero, con Jesús de Nazaret; luego, con Jesucristo, esto es, Jesús resucitado y, finalmente, con el Logos omnisciente. Tras alcanzar el centro espiritual en el que se encuentra Dios que es la santa Trinidad, se llega a la conclusión de que la santa Juana mantiene la imagen canónica-oficial de María Magdalena, sin que por ello deje de reivindicar su palabra, esto es, la buena nueva entregada por el mismo Jesucristo resucitado, como esencia de la construcción del cristianismo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es triple: recordar el papel de María Magdalena en la construcción del cristianismo; dar a conocer la figura de sor Juana de la Cruz como teóloga, además de como visionaria; y comprender fenomenológicamente la interpretación que esta mujer hace del papel de María en la construcción del cristianismo. El primero pasa por aceptar una reconfiguración hermenéutica de la imagen de la santa apóstola a partir de los evangelios canónicos; el segundo se cumple al comprender la profundidad de la cosmovisión cristiana de la santa Juana; y el tercero se produce en el momento en que nos valemos de una reinterpretada fenomenología de la religión para dar voz a la terciaria tardomedieval, y analizar el papel de Magdalena en dos de sus sermones, poniendo el foco de la discípula en su relación, primero, con Jesús de Nazaret; luego, con Jesucristo, esto es, Jesús resucitado y, finalmente, con el Logos omnisciente. Tras alcanzar el centro espiritual en el que se encuentra Dios que es la santa Trinidad, se llega a la conclusión de que la santa Juana mantiene la imagen canónica-oficial de María Magdalena, sin que por ello deje de reivindicar su palabra, esto es, la buena nueva entregada por el mismo Jesucristo resucitado, como esencia de la construcción del cristianismo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es triple: recordar el papel de María Magdalena en la construcción del cristianismo; dar a conocer la figura de sor Juana de la Cruz como teóloga, además de como visionaria; y comprender fenomenológicamente la interpretación que esta mujer hace del papel de María en la construcción del cristianismo. El primero pasa por aceptar una reconfiguración hermenéutica de la imagen de la santa apóstola a partir de los evangelios canónicos; el segundo se cumple al comprender la profundidad de la cosmovisión cristiana de la santa Juana; y el tercero se produce en el momento en que nos valemos de una reinterpretada fenomenología de la religión para dar voz a la terciaria tardomedieval, y analizar el papel de Magdalena en dos de sus sermones, poniendo el foco de la discípula en su relación, primero, con Jesús de Nazaret; luego, con Jesucristo, esto es, Jesús resucitado y, finalmente, con el Logos omnisciente. Tras alcanzar el centro espiritual en el que se encuentra Dios que es la santa Trinidad, se llega a la conclusión de que la santa Juana mantiene la imagen canónica-oficial de María Magdalena, sin que por ello deje de reivindicar su palabra, esto es, la buena nueva entregada por el mismo Jesucristo resucitado, como esencia de la construcción del cristianismo.

The Acts narrative's characterisation of Julius evokes the circumstances of Socrates, specifically the end of his life, at which point his prison guard – who exhibits a fondness for Socrates – allows his friends to visit and care for him. The credibility of this reading is strengthened by situating Acts 27 amid other Socratic characterisations of Paul in Acts 17–26, 28. By understanding Julius’ characterisation in this way, readers can regard Paul as a Socratic figure even during his sea voyage and shipwreck. This reading is more credible than others that attribute the characterisation of Julius to the narrative's positive disposition towards centurions.