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The therapeutic landscape of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has profoundly changed over the past 7 years. Most patients with chronic phase (CP) now have a normal life expectancy. Another goal is achieving a stable deep molecular response (DMR) and discontinuing medication for treatment-free remission (TFR). The European LeukemiaNet convened an expert panel to critically evaluate and update the evidence to achieve these goals since its previous recommendations. First-line treatment is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI; imatinib brand or generic, dasatinib, nilotinib, and bosutinib are available first-line). Generic imatinib is the cost-effective initial treatment in CP. Various contraindications and side-effects of all TKIs should be considered. Patient risk status at diagnosis should be assessed with the new EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS)-score. Monitoring of response should be done by quantitative polymerase chain reaction whenever possible. A change of treatment is recommended when intolerance cannot be ameliorated or when molecular milestones are not reached. Greater than 10% BCR-ABL1 at 3 months indicates treatment failure when confirmed. Allogeneic transplantation continues to be a therapeutic option particularly for advanced phase CML. TKI treatment should be withheld during pregnancy. Treatment discontinuation may be considered in patients with durable DMR with the goal of achieving TFR.

PurposeCancer stem cells (CSCs) are held accountable for the progress of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the presented study, the authors evaluated the prognostic value of CSC markers in two particular HNSCC cohorts.MethodsThis two cohort study consisted of 85 patients with advanced stage HNSCC, treated with primary radio(chemo)therapy (pRCT), and 95 patients with HNSCC, treated with surgery and partially adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were assessed. Samples were assessed for the expression of different molecular stem cell markers (ALDH1, BCL11B, BMI‑1, and CD44).ResultsIn the pRCT cohort, none of the baseline patient and tumor features exhibited a statistically significant relation with survival in either the cohort or the human papillomavirus (HPV)-stratified subcohorts. High expression of BMI‑1 significantly decreased OS and DFS, while high expression of CD44 decreased all modes of survival. Multivariate analysis showed significant prognostic influence for all tested CSC markers, with high BMI‑1 and CD44 decreasing survival (BMI-1: OS, DFS, DSS; CD44: OS, DFS) and high ALDH1 and BCL11B showing a beneficial effect on survival (ALDH1: OS, DFS; BCL11B: OS, DSS). In the surgical cohort, classical prognosticators such as HPV status, R1 resection, and nodal status in HPV-negative HNSCC played a significant role, but the tested CSC markers showed no significant effect on prognosis.ConclusionAlthough validation in independent cohorts is still needed, testing for CSC markers in patients with advanced or late stage HNSCC might be beneficial, especially if many comorbidities exist or disease is irresectable. The findings might guide the development and earlier use of targeted therapies in the future.

This article presents the virtual restoration of the Nine Eyes Watchtower, a significant cultural heritage site along the Great Wall. By applying the Seville Charter and digital technology, a detailed virtual restoration workflow is developed. The methodology involves acquiring data from multiple sources, including physical evidence, historical data, and comparative data. Advanced survey technologies, architectural knowledge, historical research, and computer modelling techniques are integrated to accurately capture the architectural and historical significance of the Nine Eyes Watchtower. The virtual restoration process follows a systematic approach, combining evidence interpretation and explicit deduction steps. The main outcome is a comprehensive virtual restoration model that accurately represents the architectural features and historical context of the Nine Eyes Watchtower. The virtual scene includes environmental elements, with potential for immersive exploration. By bridging the gap between interpretation and deduction, this study advances the scientific understanding and presentation of virtual restorations. The project contributes to ongoing research, education, and appreciation of the Great Wall's cultural legacy, ensuring its continued relevance for future generations.

China publishes 5,052 academic journals in science, technology, and medicine. It ranks third in terms of the number of publications, behind the United States and the United Kingdom. In recent years, English-language journals have increased annually in China, but there are only just over 300 English journals published, accounting for about 6.5% of all published journals, whereas Chinese journals account for about 93.5%. Using 30 years’ data from the Chinese science citation database (CSCD), I compiled statistics on the average number of papers, the average number of references, the language of references, the distribution of author age, etc. I also analyzed the role of Chinese STM journals in terms of their academic significance. It is observed that the average number of journal papers and references per paper has been on the rise in the past 30 years. English literature accounts for a large proportion of the references, and the authors are young. The conclusion is that Chinese journals are important for young scholars to publish their papers, and Chinese scholars widely use international research results for reference in their research.

Recommendation systems are of great assistance to online in computer science in various aspects of the Internet portals such as social networks and library websites. There are several approaches to implement recommendation systems. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is one of the popular techniques in topic modeling. Recently, researchers have proposed many approaches based on recommendation systems and LDA. Regarding the importance of the subject, in this paper, we discover the trends of the topics and find a relationship between LDA topics and Scholar-Context-documents. We apply probabilistic topic modeling based on Gibbs sampling algorithms for semantic mining from eight conference publications in computer science from the DBLP dataset. Based on the obtained experimental results, our semantic framework can be effective to help organizations to better organize these conferences and cover future research topics.

Misinformation, fake news, and various propaganda techniques are increasingly used in digital media. It becomes challenging to uncover propaganda as it works with the systematic goal of influencing other individuals for the determined ends. While significant research has been reported on propaganda identification and classification in resource-rich languages such as English, much less effort has been made in resource-deprived languages like Hindi. The spread of propaganda in the Hindi news media has induced our attempt to devise an approach for the propaganda categorization of Hindi news articles. The unavailability of the necessary language tools makes propaganda classification in Hindi more challenging. This study proposes the effective use of deep learning and transformer-based approaches for Hindi computational propaganda classification. To address the lack of pretrained word embeddings in Hindi, Hindi Word2vec embeddings were created using the H-Prop-News corpus for feature extraction. Subsequently, three deep learning models, i.e., CNN (convolutional neural network), LSTM (long short-term memory), Bi-LSTM (bidirectional long short-term memory); and four transformer-based models, i.e., multi-lingual BERT, Distil-BERT, Hindi-BERT, and Hindi-TPU-Electra, were experimented with. The experimental outcomes indicate that the multi-lingual BERT and Hindi-BERT models provide the best performance, with the highest F1 score of 84% on the test data. These results strongly support the efficacy of the proposed solution and indicate its appropriateness for propaganda classification.

This study investigates the historical development of Kiryu, a regional city in Japan renowned for its silk textile industry, with a particular focus on the period from the early to the middle Meiji era (approximately 1870–1890). By reconstructing the historical water channel network and analysing the spatial distribution of textile-related industries, this research clarifies how waterpower shaped Kiryu’s urban structure and specialised production processes. This study also traces the technological genealogy of modern waterwheels introduced at the Japan Textile Co. factory, revealing that Kiryu’s modernisation was closely linked to global advances in water-powered industrial cities, especially those in the United States. The findings demonstrate that Kiryu’s experience was unique: it was a city with a long-standing tradition of water-powered silk production that successfully integrated the world’s most advanced waterwheel technology. By situating Kiryu’s history within an international framework, this study provides new perspectives for the evaluation and preservation of industrial heritage in regional cities, and it highlights the potential for the global recognition and revitalisation of local historical legacies.

Accessibility, defined as inclusiveness in the access to and use of the built environment, is a complex process that involves several factors from multidisciplinary sectors. Thus, it is a prominent topic for heritage and cultural, tourist, social and economic regeneration and exploitation. Many historic villages in Italy offer potential heritage value for greater tourism attractiveness. This paper suggests a toolbox for differentiated accessibility levels. A case study identifies an analysis process of four activities, leading to a methodological scheme for determining accessibility options. 1) Direct preliminary analysis—walk-through and inspection—of the accessibility situation; 2) Selection of heritage characteristics and values for tourist attractiveness; 3) Community participation through questionnaires, interviews and walk-through; and. 4) Definition of a route system with different accessibility levels for human needs and expectations. The toolbox scheme can guide the accessibility process and steps towards alternative solutions on the basis of selected cultural values.

Global climate change has caused general and serious damage to cultural heritage sites, and earthen settlements and buildings are particularly vulnerable to water-affected disasters. Thus, this paper uses Liang Village in Pingyao County, China, as a case study, linking the human–land study in the Liang Village Sino-French workshop of 2009/2010 to a disaster assessment completed after the devastating rainstorm in October 2021. We found that the village’s rain disaster resulted from the vulnerability of earthen material to rainstorms and from the earthen settlement’s evolution from a culture emphasising the coexistence of ‘water and earth’ to a technic fostering the disintegration of ‘water and earth’. The latter is the main cause of the village’s decrease in its capacity for disaster prevention and damage reduction. Therefore, in the context of global climate change, we find that the reestablishment of the harmonious relationship of water and earth is critical to both rural heritage conservation and village sustainable development. In addition to repairing their relation from the technical perspective of ‘planning and design’ by planners and architects, it is more crucial for local people to understand and enhance their contemporary appreciation for the traditional ‘coexistence of water and earth’ concept.

Accomplished in 2018, the refurbishment of an 18th-century house, which is located in the historic centre of Seville (Spain), constitutes a statement of heritage reactivation as a solid platform for keeping historic centres alive. Rehabilitated by Baum Lab under clear heritage intervention principles—analysis, diagnosis, depuration, consolidation and prothesis—this project aimed to preserve not only spatial and construction values but also their role in shaping contemporary urban life and social dynamics. The new additions, although built of contemporary materials, aim to create a symbiotic coexistence of old and new materials, avoiding a stark contrast. The existing values of the building were preserved not only by revealing and highlighting the original materials and exposing vernacular construction techniques but also by bringing back the hybrid spatial conditions typically provided by this typology to contemporary, domestic dynamics. The sequence of spaces traditionally encountered in Mediterranean patio houses facilitated the establishment of a promenade through buildings, with the patio serving as the central, social core area of these houses. The conceptual strategy for heritage in this rehabilitation was adopted from the design phase until the end of the construction phase. Traditional techniques were employed to consolidate arches, walls, vaults, and lintels—by recovering bricks, using lime mortars, or restoring timber pieces—while the new prostheses, fabricated with contemporary technology, were designed with easy-to-disassemble details. This approach, therefore, aimed to create a new chapter in the life of the building by adding a fresh, permeable, contemporary layer that enriches the historic narrative up to the present without overwriting previous strata. By embracing this nuanced methodology, the project addressed the potential of heritage interventions to contribute not only to preservation but also to the ongoing evolution of historic architecture in contemporary contexts.