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Pueblo bead jewelry : living design
The bead played a vital role in Pueblo Indian jewelry design, and its influence continues today in modernist American design. In these pages, featuring more than 250 breathtaking photos, renowned expert Baxter integrates her decades of research with updated findings. Beads were made in the prehistoric American Southwest by the ancestors of the Pueblo Indians, and survived into the historic era. Bead jewelry creations in shell, stone, and silver are important in the Native American jewelry marketplace. This book revisits some leading misconceptions about Pueblo jewelry-making in the existing literature. A survey of modern Pueblo jewelry innovation confirms that its design is second to none, and discusses how Pueblo design meshed with American mid-century modernist expression. Today's Pueblo jewelers, also featured here, continue to offer invention and originality.
Book
Ball Lightning As a Messenger from a New World of Circulating Light
This book shows that ball lightning has nothing to do with electricity at all; it is a bubble where ordinary white light circulates in the bubble's shell in all possible directions. Such a bubble of light is a completely new, previously unknown object, consisting mainly of light, which determines its anomalous behaviour. Such anomalous behaviour coincides in detail with the mysterious and paradoxical behaviour of natural ball lightning. This book argues that natural ball lightning is an experimental sample which confirms this theory. In the book, the necessary conditions for the stability of the bubble of light and the physical laws that ensure its stability are given, making it possible to determine its unique physical parameters. The book is based on over 30 scientific articles published in leading international journals since 2003.
eBook
The World of Circulating Light Where Ball Lightnings Live
The book describes a completely new world, the existence of which no one had even suspected before. Therefore, this world could not be studied either theoretically or experimentally. The study of the nature of ball lightning made it possible to discover this world. Pyotr Kapitsa, a Russian scientist, Nobel Prize winner, studying the phenomenon of ball lightning, was forced to admit at the end of his life that this bright nut was too strong for his teeth. At the same time, he suggested that ball lightning is a phenomenon from another world unknown to him. Indeed, he was partly right. He was wrong that ball lightning was related to plasma, but he was right that ball lightning belonged to another world unknown to him. The book describes the features of this world and the properties of its inhabitants. The most known among them is ball lightning. This world we called the world of circulating light. This book is not science fiction. The book is based on over eight dozen articles published since 2003 in leading international physics and optics journals. Although scientists have not been able to unravel the nature of ball lightning for many centuries, it turned out that the explanation is so simple that it is accessible to schoolchildren. Such an explanation can be given without a single formula, recalling only the well-known physical laws from the school curriculum.
eBook
Laparoscopic evaluation of female genital tuberculosis in infertility: An observational study
Background & objectives:
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is an important variety of extrapulmonary TB causing significant morbidity, especially infertility, in developing countries like India. The aim of this study was to evaluate the laparoscopic findings of the FGTB.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study on 374 cases of diagnostic laparoscopy performed on FGTB cases with infertility. All patients underwent history taking and clinical examination and endometrial sampling/biopsy for acid-fast bacilli, microscopy, culture, PCR, GeneXpert (only last 167 cases) and histopathological evidence of epithelioid granuloma. Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in all the cases to evaluate the findings of FGTB.
Results:
Mean age, parity, body mass index and duration of infertility were 27.5 yr, 0.29, 22.6 kg/m2 and 3.78 years, respectively. Primary infertility was found in 81 per cent and secondary infertility in 18.18 per cent of cases. Endometrial biopsy was positive for AFB microscopy in 4.8 per cent, culture in 6.4 per cent and epithelioid granuloma in 15.5 per cent. Positive peritoneal biopsy granuloma was seen in 5.88 per cent, PCR in 314 (83.95%) and GeneXpert in 31 (18.56%, out of last 167 cases) cases. Definite findings of FGTB were seen in 164 (43.86%) cases with beaded tubes (12.29%), tubercles (32.88%) and caseous nodules (14.96%). Probable findings of FGTB were seen in 210 (56.14%) cases with pelvic adhesions (23.52%), perihepatic adhesions (47.86%), shaggy areas (11.7%), pelvic adhesions (11.71%), encysted ascites (10.42%) and frozen pelvis in 3.7 per cent of cases.
Interpretation & conclusions:
The finding of this study suggests that laparoscopy is a useful modality to diagnose FGTB with a higher pickup rate of cases. Hence it should be included as a part of composite reference standard.
Journal Article
Modal analysis and experimental investigation into vibration of the diamond-beaded rope based on lumped mass
The natural vibration characteristics of the diamond-beaded rope (DBR) based on lumped mass are analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. The dynamic model of the DBR is established by means of the multi-body dynamics theory. According to Lagrange’s equations, the control equation of the DBR is derived. It mainly analyzes the influence of the parameters, such as the motion velocity of the DBR, the tension of the DBR, the length of diamond beads, the quality of diamond beads, and their position in the DBR, on the natural vibration characteristics for the DBR are studied. The results show that the natural frequencies and the corresponding vibration shapes of the DBR based on lumped mass change significantly when the variations of the above parameters are considered. In the process of the movement of the DBR, the random impact force of diamond beaded is the key factor that causes the natural frequency of the DBR to fluctuate., In the high-order modal analysis, the natural frequency and vibration mode of the DBR fluctuate more obviously. The relative error of the result between the calculated and the measured is less than 10%, which validates the proposed method.
Journal Article
Does Cancer Start in the Womb? Altered Mammary Gland Development and Predisposition to Breast Cancer due to in Utero Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors
We are now witnessing a resurgence of theories of development and carcinogenesis in which the environment is again being accepted as a major player in phenotype determination. Perturbations in the fetal environment predispose an individual to disease that only becomes apparent in adulthood. For example, gestational exposure to diethylstilbestrol resulted in clear cell carcinoma of the vagina and breast cancer. In this review the effects of the endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A (BPA) on mammary development and tumorigenesis in rodents is used as a paradigmatic example of how altered prenatal mammary development may lead to breast cancer in humans who are also widely exposed to it through plastic goods, food and drink packaging, and thermal paper receipts. Changes in the stroma and its extracellular matrix led to altered ductal morphogenesis. Additionally, gestational and lactational exposure to BPA increased the sensitivity of rats and mice to mammotropic hormones during puberty and beyond, thus suggesting a plausible explanation for the increased incidence of breast cancer.
Journal Article
Polycarbonate Nanofiber Filters with Enhanced Efficiency and Antibacterial Performance
The need for clean and safe air quality is a global priority that extends to diverse environments, including households, industrial spaces, and areas requiring respiratory personal protection. In this study, polycarbonate (PC) nanofiber filters coated with a coating containing a silver salt were prepared by the electrospinning process and a subsequent dipping–extraction method. These nanofiber filters presented the enhancement of air filtration efficiency and reinforcement of antibacterial properties. The research includes diverse PC filter structures, assessing beaded and non-beaded structures and varying areal weights. The study evaluated filtration efficiency across NaCl particle sizes (50–400 nm) and pressure drop outcomes. In addition, the antibacterial activity of the coated filters against E. coli and other coliforms was investigated by the filtration membrane method. Repetitive testing consistently yields high efficiencies, reaching 100% in thicker filters, and minimal air resistance in beaded filters, presenting an advantage over the current systems. Furthermore, the new properties of the filters will enhance environmental safety, and their time of use will be increased since they prevented the growth of bacteria, and no significant colonies were seen. Considering all these factors, these filters presented promising application in environments with harmful microorganisms, for the development of advanced industrial filtering systems or even hygienic masks.
Journal Article
An analysis of interfacial debonding in beaded fiber composites
Intermittent beading is a novel design that holds great potential for simultaneous improvement of strength and toughness of composites. Despite the progress in fabrication of beaded fiber composites, the mechanisms of fracture in such composites are largely unknown. In this study, calculations are carried out for interfacial debonding in a beaded fiber composite subjected to tensile loading. The post-yield strain softening followed by strain hardening of polymer matrix, and debonding of the fiber-bead, bead-matrix and fiber-matrix interfaces are accounted for in the numerical analyses. It is found that interfacial debonding can activate plastic deformation in the bead and polymer matrix, contributing to toughening of the beaded fiber composite. We have identified that the bead-matrix interfacial debonding is the major mechanism controlling plastic deformation in the matrix. The low cohesive strength of the bead-matrix interface plays a role in suppressing development of shear bands in the polymer matrix, enhancing plastic dissipation of the composite. The high toughness of the bead-matrix interface enables large plastic zone in the matrix, promoting plastic dissipation. For the fiber-bead interface, there is an increase in plastic dissipation of the composite with decreasing cohesive strength, while high interface toughness can amplify plastic dissipation. In addition, we reveal that weak fiber-matrix interface is capable of spreading plastic deformation in the matrix, increasing plastic dissipation of the composite. The findings of this study can shed new light on the fracture mechanisms of beaded fiber composites.
Journal Article
The rigid hybrid number for two phylogenetic trees
Recently there has been considerable interest in the problem of finding a phylogenetic network with a minimum number of reticulation vertices which displays a given set of phylogenetic trees, that is, a network with minimum hybrid number. Such networks are useful for representing the evolution of species whose genomes have undergone processes such as lateral gene transfer and recombination that cannot be represented appropriately by a phylogenetic tree. Even so, as was recently pointed out in the literature, insisting that a network displays the set of trees can be an overly restrictive assumption when modeling certain evolutionary phenomena such as incomplete lineage sorting. In this paper, we thus consider the less restrictive notion of rigidly displaying which we introduce and study here. More specifically, we characterize when two trees can be rigidly displayed by a certain type of phylogenetic network called a temporal tree-child network in terms of fork-picking sequences. These are sequences of special subconfigurations of the two trees related to the well-studied cherry-picking sequences. We also show that, in case it exists, the rigid hybrid number for two phylogenetic trees is given by a minimum weight fork-picking sequence for the trees. Finally, we consider the relationship between the rigid hybrid number and three closely related numbers; the weak, beaded, and temporal hybrid numbers. In particular, we show that these numbers can all be different even for a fixed pair of trees, and also present an infinite family of pairs of trees which demonstrates that the difference between the rigid hybrid number and the temporal-hybrid number for two phylogenetic trees on the same set of n leaves can grow at least linearly with n.
Journal Article
Nanofiber Filter Performance Improvement: Nanofiber Layer Uniformity and Branched Nanofiber
We developed two types of high performance nanofiber filters by increasing the uniformity of the fiber layer’s deposition on the substrate media and by fabricating nanofiber with a branched morphology, in which additional fibers were spun to radiate from the main fibers. We subsequently compared them with conventional and beaded nanofiber filters in terms of particle removal efficiency, filter pressure drop, and particle loading capacity. First, the uniformity of the nanofiber’s deposition, which was visually evaluated using optical and electron microscopes, was increased by removing the substrate surface charge during electrospinning. The uniform nanofiber filters demonstrated a higher filtration efficiency with a lower pressure drop than their conventionally electrospun counterparts, which exhibited irregular fiber layers. Second, branched nanofiber was fabricated by adjusting the viscosity of the polymer solution. The performance of the nanofiber filters was dramatically improved by the decrease in air flow resistance, which resulted from (1) a longer distance streamwise between the fibers and (2) a smaller diameter for the fibers. The enhanced efficiency was also due to (3) the additional fibers branching out from the main fibers.
Journal Article