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One problem for sustainability of systems pensions is how people without specialized financial training could manage their resources and their actual personal intentions towards retirement. Research objective is to analyse the relationship among several factors that affect the behaviour towards retirement, the financial management practices and the financial resources, by carrying out a structural equation model (SEM) that was tested in Spanish workers sample in three phases.  The influence of financial literacy, financial retirement objectives, optimism on retirement, tolerance to financial risk, and the commitment to financial planning at time 1, are analysed as explanatory variables of financial management practices at time 2. Financial resources for retirement at time 3 are explained by financial management practices. According to results, the model can predict the 36% of the variance of financial management practices and 53% of the variance of financial resources for retirement. Thus, the model can be used for checking of knowledge of the personal financial behaviour before retirement, what enables a better personal financial planning. It would be possible to apply a model based on self-assessment in order to implement a complementary financial planning that would allow to maintain the welfare during retirement. First published online 30 December 2020

This study explored how job demands can affect incivility toward customers, building upon conservation of resources theory. We collected survey data from 345 elder care workers at retirement communities in China. The results showed that job demands were positively related to incivility toward customers. Additionally, negative affect mediated this relationship, and self-compassion moderated the link between job demands and negative affect. On the basis of our findings, we recommend that organizations implement self-compassion training programs to help employees better manage job demands and reduce uncivil behavior toward customers.

Purpose The research paper investigated the intentions of superannuated persons toward the post-retirement work. This study aims to examine the role of attitude, job satisfaction and education in post-retirement work intensions. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was administered for collecting the data. It was submitted to the 300 government retirees. Data was analyzed by using Process macro. Intention toward work was used as an outcome variable. Attitude as a predictor variable, job satisfaction as a mediator and education as a moderator variable were used. The impact of attitude on intentions toward work was examined through job satisfaction and education. Findings The findings of the research showed the significance of experimented model. Therefore, the positive effect of attitude in determining the intentions has been proved and the effect of mediator-moderator was also significant. Originality/value The study is related to retired persons only and suggested that the level of education plays a major role in determining work intentions after retirement. This study addressed a research gap about how the interaction of job satisfaction and education affects the association among attitude and work intentions of superannuated persons.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of the attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help between career adaptability and active job search behavior of older workers in South Korea.Design/methodology/approachFrom a review of related literature, six study hypotheses were developed to test the structural relationship between the variables.FindingsThis study identified that attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help mediated the relationship between career adaptability, the value of career coaching and active job search behavior.Practical implicationsA successful job search requires the use of substantial self-control and self-regulation skills, and there can be effective training in all these skills of self-disciplining when older workers can find a high level of value from career coaching programs.Originality/valueDespite the growing popularity of career support programs, the quality of career coaching programs and participants’ perceived value toward them are critical to illicit positive outcomes of such programs. This study supports this premise by revealing a structural relationship between career adaptability, perceived value of career coaching, attitudes toward seeking professional career help and active job search behavior.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to investigate personality-related antecedents of Vietnamese workers' attitudes toward female managers, which subsequently predicted workers' judgments of them.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a factorial experiment to examine participants' general attitudes toward women's rights and roles and their particular attitudes toward female managers in the workplace. Vietnamese workers (N = 159) were randomly assigned to experimental conditions of manager performance and completed a post-test questionnaire. This study also qualitatively explored participants' observations of any gender stereotypes in the workplace.FindingsFindings demonstrated that participants' gender, general attitudes toward women's social rights and roles, and internal work locus of control positively predicted their attitudes toward female managers. Qualitative findings showed perceived gender-based egalitarianism in the workplace, but women's leadership qualities were barely recognized.Originality/valueThis study is the first to utilize a mixed-method approach to assess Vietnamese workers' attitudes, contributing to the literature on attitudes toward both women in general and women in management in Asia generally and in Vietnam in particular.

The standard model of intertemporal choice assumes risk neutrality towards the length of life: under additivity of lifetime utility and expected utility assumptions, agents are not sensitive to a mean preserving spread in the length of life. Using a survey fielded in the RAND American Life Panel, this paper provides empirical evidence on possible deviation from risk neutrality with respect to longevity in the US population. The questions we ask allow to find the distribution as well as to quantify the degree of risk aversion with respect to the length of life in the population. We find evidence that roughly 75% of respondents were not neutral with respect to longevity risk. Hence, there is a little empirical support for the joint use of the expected utility and additive lifetime utility assumptions in life-cycle models. Higher income households are more likely to be risk averse towards the length of life. We do not find evidence that the degree of risk aversion varies with age or education.

Purpose - The aim of this research is to examine attitudinal correlates of older adults' (aged 60 and above) intentions to continue working in older age.Design methodology approach - Structured questionnaires combined with home interviews were used to collect data from a sample of community older people (n=289) in Taiwan.Findings - The study found that positive attitudes towards aging held by older people themselves and perceived subjective norm were related to stronger intentions to continue working in older age, as predicted by the Theory of Reasoned Action, in addition, more positive daily personal experiences with non-older people enhanced intentions to continue working in older age through fostering more positive attitudes towards aging, as predicted by the contact hypothesis. Finally effects of some known demographic correlates of aging and work were also demonstrated in the structural model, namely, age, sex, current employment status, and personal health were all associated with intentions to continue working in older age.Originality value - This is the first study in Taiwan testing hypotheses derived from well-established social psychological theoretical models explaining links between attitudes and behavioral intentions of working in older age with a non-Western (Chinese) sample. The results highlight the importance and urgency of more concerted research to inform public and organizational policies to facilitate continued employment and better management of careers of older adults in an aging developing society.

Recent research has assigned a prominent role to labeling and stigma as factors that impair the social and psychological functioning of people officially labeled mentally ill. But can the effects of labeling and stigma be overcome by adopting a few simple approaches to coping with these problems? If so, the stigma-induced problems of social awkwardness, demoralization and unemployment emphasized by recent research may not be as severe as claimed. Using a sample of psychiatric patients, we examine this issue by assessing whether patients can ameliorate labeling effects by keeping their history of treatment a secret, educating others about their situation, or avoiding situations in which rejection might occur. None of these coping orientations were effective in diminishing negative labeling effects on unemployment or on psychological distress/demoralization. In fact, the three coping strategies show consistent effects in the direction of producing more harm than good, and with respect to withdrawal-avoidance this effect is significant. Based on these results we argue that stigma is powerfully reinforced by culture and that its effects are not easily overcome by the coping actions of individuals. Using C. Wright Mills's (1967) distinction we conclude that labeling and stigma are \"social problems\" not \"individual troubles.\"