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Bioaugmentation, defined as the strategic incorporation of specifically selected microbial biomass into contaminated environments, can significantly enhance the biodegradation of pollutants and is extensively employed in soil bioremediation efforts. A multistep screening process was applied to develop an autochthonous microbial consortium, including (i) hydrocarbonoclastic strain isolation from soil chronically contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, (ii) bacterial selection according to genomic and functional traits, and (iii) consortium validation in the native contaminated soil through microcosm experiments. The selection of strains with the ability to degrade alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons on synthetic media was further supported by genomic analysis, delivering a consortium with complementary degradative properties. The outcomes of the microcosm experiments corroborated the efficacy of the selected indigenous consortium, demonstrating that the combination of Acinetobacter guillouiae, A. radioresistens, and Pseudomonas zarinae as an inoculum in the bioaugmentation strategy was successful in achieving the removal of up to 26% and 76% of linear and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, respectively, thereby effectively addressing areas where natural attenuation was insufficient.

Paper mill wastewater leads to a serious damage on the environment owing to the high content of organic matters, suspended solids, toxic substances, and lignin. Hence, exploring new treatment technologies is the passion of environmental engineers to minimize the effluent impact on the environment and cleaner production aspects. This research focused on the performance of full-scale coagulation-fluctuation/DAF system for pre-treatment of high strength wastepaper-recycling wastewater and its effect on biodegradability improvement. To optimize unit performance, optimum coagulant and flocculant doses were firstly determined by jar test without prior change and adjustment of pH in lab-scale experiments. The optimum dosages were obtained by 1500 mg L −1 polyaluminum chloride (PACl) as coagulant coupled with 40 mg L −1 cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM) as flocculant. Percentage removals of 39 ± 10, 6.8 ± 3.6, 31.0 ± 6.7, 24.0 ± 3.8, and 33.0 ± 20.0 were achieved for COD, sCOD, BOD 5 , sBOD 5 , and color, respectively. The average BOD 5 to COD ratio after pre-treatment increased from 0.44 to 0.5, whereas the ratio of sBOD 5 /sCOD dropped from 0.65 to 0.53. A superior effectiveness in reduction of TSS (98.1%) and VSS (98.4%) was also achieved. The results show that the application process is able to prevent malfunction operation in the following bioreactors which is obtainable through bio-treatability enhancement of pre-treated wastewater and reducing the risks of clogging and sludge washout. Attached growth processes are suggested to be applied in the further anaerobic/aerobic processes because of high proportion of soluble fraction of COD in the effluent to avoid poor floc formation and dispersed growth problems.