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"biodegradation"
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Rotten! : vultures, beetles, slime and nature's other decomposers
\"A funny and fact-filled look at decomposition in all of its slimy glory, illustrated with dazzling full-color art by Gilbert Ford. Vultures, fungi, dung beetles, and more aid in this fascinating and sometimes smelly aspect of the life cycle that's right under our noses\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Rot in Peace/Pourrir en paix
In the cycle of life, the decomposition of matter releases nutrients that allow organisms to be born, grow, die, and decompose in turn. Essential to all living organisms, this microbiological process is closely linked to regeneration. Decomposition is a promise of rebirth. However, in the imagination associated with it, the idea of decomposition causes disgust and a feeling of abjection. Rot, putrefaction, mould, or deterioration are just some of the words that feed the repugnance and apprehension aroused by decay. Dans le cycle de vie, la decomposition de la matiere contribue a liberer les nutriments qui permettront a des organismes de naitre, de se developper, de mourir et de se decomposer a leur tour. Essentiel a tous les organismes vivants, ce processus microbiologique est etroitement lie a la regeneration. La decomposition est une promesse de renaissance. Pourtant, dans l'imaginaire qui l'accompagne, l'idee de la decomposition provoque plutot le degout et un sentiment d'abjection. Pourriture, putrefaction, moisissure ou corruption sont autant de mots qui alimentent la repugnance et l'apprehension suscitees par la deliquescence.
Journal Article
The COP9 signalosome interacts physically with SCF(COI1) and modulates jasmonate responses
The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an evolutionarily conserved, nucleus-enriched multiprotein complex. CSN plays roles in photomorphogenesis, auxin response, and floral organ formation, possibly via the regulation of ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated protein degradation. COI1 encodes an F-box protein, which is a subunit of SCF(COI1) E3 ubiquitin ligase, and is required for jasmonate (JA) responses. Here, we demonstrate using coimmunoprecipitation and gel-filtration analyses that endogenous as well as epitope-tagged COI1 forms SCF(COI1) and associates directly with CSN in vivo. Like the coi1-1 mutant, CSN reduction-of-function plants exhibited a JA-insensitive root elongation phenotype and an absence of JA-induced-specific gene expression. Genome expression profile analyses indicated that JA-triggered genome expression is critically dependent on COI1 dosage. More importantly, most of the COI1-dependent JA-responsive genes also required CSN function, and CSN abundance was shown to be important for JA responses. Furthermore, we showed that both COI1 and CSN are essential for modulating the expression of genes in most cellular pathways responsive to JA. Thus, CSN and SCF(COI1) work together to control genome expression and promote JA responses.
Journal Article
Environmental degradation of advanced and traditional engineering materials
\"From metals and polymers to ceramics, natural materials, and composites, this book covers the environmental impacts on a broad range of materials used for the engineering of infrastructure, buildings, machines, and components all of which experience some form of degradation. The text discusses fundamental degradation processes and presents examples of degradation under various environmental conditions. It gives the fundamental principles for each class of material, followed by detailed characteristics of degradation for specific alloys of compositions, guidelines on how to protect against degradation, and a description of testing procedures\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Anaerobic biodegradation of phenol in wastewater treatment: achievements and limits
Anaerobic biodegradation of toxic compounds found in industrial wastewater is an attractive solution allowing the recovery of energy and resources but it is still challenging due to the low kinetics making the anaerobic process not competitive against the aerobic one. In this review, we summarise the present state of knowledge on the anaerobic biodegradation process for phenol, a typical target compound employed in toxicity studies on industrial wastewater treatment. The objective of this article is to provide an overview on the microbiological and technological aspects of anaerobic phenol degradation and on the research needs to fill the gaps still hindering the diffusion of the anaerobic process. The first part is focused on the microbiology and extensively presents and characterises phenol-degrading bacteria and biodegradation pathways. In the second part, dedicated to process feasibility, anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation kinetics are analysed and compared, and strategies to enhance process performance, i.e. advanced technologies, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation, are critically analysed and discussed. The final section provides a summary of the research needs. Literature data analysis shows the feasibility of anaerobic phenol biodegradation at laboratory and pilot scale, but there is still a consistent gap between achieved aerobic and anaerobic performance. This is why current research demand is mainly related to the development and optimisation of powerful technologies and effective operation strategies able to enhance the competitiveness of the anaerobic process. Research efforts are strongly justified because the anaerobic process is a step forward to a more sustainable approach in wastewater treatment.Key points• Review of phenol-degraders bacteria and biodegradation pathways.• Anaerobic phenol biodegradation kinetics for metabolic and co-metabolic processes.• Microbial and technological strategies to enhance process performance.
Journal Article
Anaerobic digestion : making biogas - making energy : the Earthscan expert guide
\"Hundreds of million tonnes of agricultural and food waste are produced each year around the world, most of which is just that, waste. Anaerobic digestion, biogas and the heat and electricity that can be produced from it is still a nascent industry in many countries, yet the benefits of AD spread throughout the community: - Gives good financial returns to farmers and eco-entrepreneurs. - Helps community leaders meet various policies and legislative targets. - Offers an environmentally sensitive waste disposal option. - Provides a local heat and power supply, & creates employment opportunities - Reduces greenhouse gas emissions, as well as providing an organic fertilizer. Although the process of AD itself is relatively simple there are several system options available to meet the demands of different feedstocks. This book describes, in simple, easy to read language the five common systems of AD; how they work, the impact of scale, the basic requirements, the costs and financial implications, and how to get involved in this rapidly growing green industry\"--Provided by publisher.
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