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\"This book offers a comprehensive exploration of craft theory in relation to contemporary architecture. Craft is an old and familiar idea, but the line between craft and art or craft and mere manufacturing, for example, is notoriously hard to describe. In architecture, a similarly blurred line between the design process on one hand and the physical making of buildings on the other lies at the center of various debates about what it means to do architecture. The growth and development of craft theory in recent years suggest new insights into these architectural debates, but situating the meaning of craft within architecture within today's technological landscape is a complex problem. Alford responds to this challenge by collecting various narratives from craft theory and other fields and discerning among them new lenses through which to view contemporary architectural practice. Episodes from this expanded view of craft in architecture go beyond predictable accounts of Ruskin and Morris to envision: new models of practice; new ways of engaging other building professionals; and new ways for architects to understand their own labor and the nature of how and what kinds of things they themselves craft. Architecture is changing and within the ongoing story of craft explored in this book are new and surprising ways to understand, design, and construct the built environment. Written for students and scholars, this book challenges and extends the legacy of craft thinking in architecture\"-- Provided by publisher.

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538 , 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001

Aaron G. Green was an internationally known organic architect of \"striking originality and grace\". His diverse architectural works include commercial, industrial, municipal, judicial, religious, interment, mass housing, and educational projects. Aaron Green taught advanced architectural design at Stanford University Department of Architecture for fifteen years. In the early 1940s, Aaron Green became a member of Frank Lloyd Wright's apprentice group, the Taliesin Fellowship. Aaron Green participated in over thirty Frank Lloyd Wright projects and was appointed by Frank Lloyd Wright as associated architect for the Marin County Civic Center Project. The highlight of his career occurred in 1999 when he won a national competition to design a visionary open to the world private high school in Greensboro, North Carolina, on a 100 acre wooded site with a 25 acre lake. Shortly before his passing, Aaron Green was awarded the 1st old medal by the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation in recognition of his career and accomplishment's and dedication to organic architecture. When asked who Aaron Green was, Wright commented, \"Aaron Green is my son.\"

This work was supported by the Serrapilheira Institute (grant number Serra-1708-15364 awarded to GOL) and financed in part by the Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement (CAPES; finance code 001) in Brazil. GOL is also grateful to a research productivity scholarship provided by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; numbers 310517/2019-2; 308072/2022-7).

Consumer satisfaction is essential for quality assurance, business survival and economic prosperity. It can also be used as an indicator of the occurrence of defects in the houses delivered by builders. The objective of this study is to compare the quality of services provided by volume and small builders, and to develop a model for predicting the chance of occurrence of structural defects in houses. A list of home builders was obtained from Australia's Housing Industry Association media release 2019. Thereafter, customer reviews of 10 volume builders and 107 small builders were obtained from publicly available data. Overall, 2336 reviews for volume-builders and 2037 reviews for small builders were analysed quantitatively. Further, using the scores provided by customers, the probability-based regression model for the structural integrity of residential buildings was developed. Generally, the research found that for volume-builders, customers have the highest satisfaction level for 'customer service' and the lowest satisfaction level for 'plumbing and waterproofing' work. However, for small builders, customers have the highest confidence in the 'structural integrity' of their buildings and the least confidence in projects 'timeliness'. Clients can use the stochastic-based model to predict the probability that a builder could deliver a house with low structural defects. The model showed that if a customer service score for a particular builder is less than 3.3, then there is a higher chance of having structural defects. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by developing and validating the logistic regression model that can be used as a tool to assess the quality of services provided by home builders. Moreover, the research provides useful information which can assist builders to improve the quality of services they provide.

Background Intermittent fasting (IF) is an increasingly popular dietary approach used for weight loss and overall health. While there is an increasing body of evidence demonstrating beneficial effects of IF on blood lipids and other health outcomes in the overweight and obese, limited data are available about the effect of IF in athletes. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the effects of a modified IF protocol (i.e. time-restricted feeding) during resistance training in healthy resistance-trained males. Methods Thirty-four resistance-trained males were randomly assigned to time-restricted feeding (TRF) or normal diet group (ND). TRF subjects consumed 100 % of their energy needs in an 8-h period of time each day, with their caloric intake divided into three meals consumed at 1 p.m., 4 p.m., and 8 p.m. The remaining 16 h per 24-h period made up the fasting period. Subjects in the ND group consumed 100 % of their energy needs divided into three meals consumed at 8 a.m., 1 p.m., and 8 p.m. Groups were matched for kilocalories consumed and macronutrient distribution (TRF 2826 ± 412.3 kcal/day, carbohydrates 53.2 ± 1.4 %, fat 24.7 ± 3.1 %, protein 22.1 ± 2.6 %, ND 3007 ± 444.7 kcal/day, carbohydrates 54.7 ± 2.2 %, fat 23.9 ± 3.5 %, protein 21.4 ± 1.8). Subjects were tested before and after 8 weeks of the assigned diet and standardized resistance training program. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and muscle area of the thigh and arm were measured using an anthropometric system. Total and free testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, blood glucose, insulin, adiponectin, leptin, triiodothyronine, thyroid stimulating hormone, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured. Bench press and leg press maximal strength, resting energy expenditure, and respiratory ratio were also tested. Results After 8 weeks, the 2 Way ANOVA (Time * Diet interaction) showed a decrease in fat mass in TRF compared to ND (p = 0.0448), while fat-free mass, muscle area of the arm and thigh, and maximal strength were maintained in both groups. Testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 decreased significantly in TRF, with no changes in ND (p = 0.0476; p = 0.0397). Adiponectin increased (p = 0.0000) in TRF while total leptin decreased (p = 0.0001), although not when adjusted for fat mass. Triiodothyronine decreased in TRF, but no significant changes were detected in thyroid-stimulating hormone, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, or triglycerides. Resting energy expenditure was unchanged, but a significant decrease in respiratory ratio was observed in the TRF group. Conclusions Our results suggest that an intermittent fasting program in which all calories are consumed in an 8-h window each day, in conjunction with resistance training, could improve some health-related biomarkers, decrease fat mass, and maintain muscle mass in resistance-trained males.

This study looks beyond issues of style to examine how the authority of architects was created within the changing working practices of 18th and 19th century British architecture.

The Creole architecture of New Orleans is one of the city’s most-recognized features, but studies of it largely have focused on architectural typology. In Building Antebellum New Orleans, Tara A. Dudley examines the architectural activities and influence of gens de couleur libres—free people of color—in a city where the mixed-race descendants of whites and other free Blacks could own property.Between 1820 and 1850 New Orleans became an urban metropolis and industrialized shipping center with a growing population. Amidst dramatic economic and cultural change in the mid-antebellum period, the gens de couleur libres thrived as property owners, developers, building artisans, and patrons. Dudley writes an intimate microhistory of two prominent families of Black developers, the Dollioles and Souliés, to explore how gens de couleur libres used ownership, engagement, and entrepreneurship to construct individual and group identity and stability. With deep archival research, Dudley re-creates in fine detail the material culture, business and social history, and politics of the built environment for free people of color and adds new, revelatory information to the canon on New Orleans architecture.