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PurposeTo systematically review the literature and update the evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the use of photobiomodulation (PBM), such as laser and other light therapies, for the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis (OM).MethodsA systematic review was conducted by the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) using PubMed and Web of Science. We followed the MASCC methods for systematic review and guidelines development. The rigorously evaluated evidence for each intervention, in each cancer treatment setting, was assigned a level-of-evidence (LoE). Based on the LoE, one of the following guidelines was determined: Recommendation, Suggestion, or No Guideline Possible.ResultsRecommendations are made for the prevention of OM and related pain with PBM therapy in cancer patients treated with one of the following modalities: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, head and neck (H&N) radiotherapy (without chemotherapy), and H&N radiotherapy with chemotherapy. For each of these modalities, we recommend 1–2 clinically effective protocols; the clinician should adhere to all parameters of the protocol selected. Due to inadequate evidence, currently, No Guideline Possible for treatment of established OM or for management of chemotherapy-related OM. The reported clinical settings were extremely variable, limiting data integration.ConclusionsThe evidence supports the use of specific settings of PBM therapy for the prevention of OM in specific patient populations. Under these circumstances, PBM is recommended for the prevention of OM. The guidelines are subject to continuous update based on new published data.

\"Mindfulness: A Kindly Approach to Being with Cancer offers people with cancer a means to bring mindfulness and kindliness into their lives, to help them cope with the challenge of a life-threatening illness. Adapts Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), an approach with a strong evidence base for people with recurrent depression, for the needs and challenges of people with cancer Presents the standard 8-week course of MBCT for cancer in a flexible format that is designed to suit each readers own particular timescale, context and situation Based on more than 15 years of program development and clinical application by the author, and the work and experience of mindfulness teachers in other cancer centres around the world. Provides specific practices and approaches tailored to support the different phases of a cancer experience from diagnosis and treatment to living with uncertainty and managing life with cancer Features five extended stories from people personally affected by cancer who have used mindfulness-based practices to support them in their own experience of illness, life and treatment\"-- Provided by publisher.

Agents targeting signaling pathways in cancer cells are less specific than advertised. A number of these agents induce cardiovascular toxic effects ranging from decreased ejection fraction to atrial arrhythmias. The field of cardio-oncology represents the intersection of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This clinical specialty is focused on the cardiovascular care of patients with cancer and has expanded owing to the emergence of new targeted oncology therapies. Although these treatments have dramatically changed the natural course of many cancers, they may result in cardiovascular, thrombotic, or metabolic complications, which can be manifested either during the course of therapy or after completion of treatment. This article focuses on the cardiovascular toxic effects that may be associated with these new targeted cancer therapies and provides a broad overview of this emerging field. . . .

\"Over the last few years there has been a tremendous surge in research identifying the specific nutrients that have the ability to change the course of cancer. With a clearer understanding of the role that food nutrients, toxins, and microflora play in disease prevention and development, we have some of the long sought answers to our questions about what triggers, promotes, heals, and prevents cancer. Chace offers medicinally-potent smoothie recipes that taste great and provide cancer protective and healing nutrients, such as: Banana Coconut Cocoa Cream, Banana Ginger Dream, Basil Berry Citrus, Carotenoid Crush, Cherry Berry Lime, Creamy Citrus Berry, Kumquat Berry Cherry, Tangerine Currant, Watermelon Blackberry and Ginger, And many more!\" -- Provided by publisher.

First-line chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has a median overall survival (OS) of less than 1 year. We aimed to evaluate first-line programmed cell death (PD)-1 inhibitor-based therapies in gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. We report the first results for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone. In this multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial (CheckMate 649), we enrolled adults (≥18 years) with previously untreated, unresectable, non-HER2-positive gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma, regardless of PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression from 175 hospitals and cancer centres in 29 countries. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1 while all three groups were open) via interactive web response technology (block sizes of six) to nivolumab (360 mg every 3 weeks or 240 mg every 2 weeks) plus chemotherapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin every 3 weeks or leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin every 2 weeks), nivolumab plus ipilimumab, or chemotherapy alone. Primary endpoints for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone were OS or progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review, in patients whose tumours had a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) of five or more. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of the assigned treatment. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02872116. From March 27, 2017, to April 24, 2019, of 2687 patients assessed for eligibility, we concurrently randomly assigned 1581 patients to treatment (nivolumab plus chemotherapy [n=789, 50%] or chemotherapy alone [n=792, 50%]). The median follow-up for OS was 13·1 months (IQR 6·7–19·1) for nivolumab plus chemotherapy and 11·1 months (5·8–16·1) for chemotherapy alone. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy resulted in significant improvements in OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0·71 [98·4% CI 0·59–0·86]; p<0·0001) and PFS (HR 0·68 [98 % CI 0·56–0·81]; p<0·0001) versus chemotherapy alone in patients with a PD-L1 CPS of five or more (minimum follow-up 12·1 months). Additional results showed significant improvement in OS, along with PFS benefit, in patients with a PD-L1 CPS of one or more and all randomly assigned patients. Among all treated patients, 462 (59%) of 782 patients in the nivolumab plus chemotherapy group and 341 (44%) of 767 patients in the chemotherapy alone group had grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse events. The most common any-grade treatment-related adverse events (≥25%) were nausea, diarrhoea, and peripheral neuropathy across both groups. 16 (2%) deaths in the nivolumab plus chemotherapy group and four (1%) deaths in the chemotherapy alone group were considered to be treatment-related. No new safety signals were identified. Nivolumab is the first PD-1 inhibitor to show superior OS, along with PFS benefit and an acceptable safety profile, in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in previously untreated patients with advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy represents a new standard first-line treatment for these patients. Bristol Myers Squibb, in collaboration with Ono Pharmaceutical.

\"Featuring 102 new dishes, this second edition provides practical suggestions to help patients and their caregivers anticipate--and overcome--the major challenges of eating well during treatment. What to Eat During Cancer Treatment offers evidence-based research and clinical information about the seven most common eating-related side effects of cancer treatment--nausea, diarrhea, constipation, trouble swallowing, sore mouth, unintentional weight loss, and taste alterations--and the foods to eat when these side effects occur. Throughout the book are beautiful, full-color photographs, along with tips for caregivers, food safety basics, strategies for avoiding excess weight gain, ways to deal with vitamin deficiencies, and more\"-- Provided by publisher.

In patients with locally advanced non–small-cell lung cancer who have undergone concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy, the use of durvalumab in the year after completing treatment significantly prolonged disease-free and overall survival as compared with placebo.

\"Whether you are a cancer patient undergoing treatment, a caregiver, or a survivor, you'll find this cookbook and nutritional guide essential--it includes the latest scientific research on improving the lives of people living with cancer. Created by Seattle's Cancer Lifeline, The Cancer Wellness Cookbook features nutritional plans and 100 recipes focusing on the foods that have been shown to prevent and forestall the spread of cancer. With super healthy and delicious ingredients like berries, mushrooms, beans, tomatoes, and fish, these dishes taste great and are filled with the nutrients that aid a person undergoing chemotherapy and other cancer treatments\"-- Provided by publisher.

Emerging immune therapy, such as with the anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody nivolumab, has shown efficacy in tumor suppression. Patients with terminal cancer suffer from cancer pain as a result of bone metastasis and bone destruction, but how PD-1 blockade affects bone cancer pain remains unknown. Here, we report that mice lacking Pdcd1 (Pd1-/-) demonstrated remarkable protection against bone destruction induced by femoral inoculation of Lewis lung cancer cells. Compared with WT mice, Pd1-/- mice exhibited increased baseline pain sensitivity, but the development of bone cancer pain was compromised in Pd1-/- mice. Consistently, these beneficial effects in Pd1-/- mice were recapitulated by repeated i.v. applications of nivolumab in WT mice, even though nivolumab initially increased mechanical and thermal pain. Notably, PD-1 deficiency or nivolumab treatment inhibited osteoclastogenesis without altering tumor burden. PD-L1 and CCL2 are upregulated within the local tumor microenvironment, and PD-L1 promoted RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through JNK activation and CCL2 secretion. Bone cancer upregulated CCR2 in primary sensory neurons, and CCR2 antagonism effectively reduced bone cancer pain. Our findings suggest that, despite a transient increase in pain sensitivity following each treatment, anti-PD-1 immunotherapy could produce long-term benefits in preventing bone destruction and alleviating bone cancer pain by suppressing osteoclastogenesis.