Explore the vast range of titles available.

Resin infiltration is an innovative approach to arrest progression of caries lesions. The aim of this randomized split-mouth placebo-controlled clinical trial was to assess whether resin infiltration of proximal lesions is more effective than non-operative measures alone with respect to the inhibition of caries progression. In 22 young adults, 29 pairs of interproximal lesions with radiological extension into the inner half of enamel or the outer third of dentin were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. In the test group, lesions were infiltrated (Icon, pre-product; DMG). A placebo treatment was performed in the control group. All participants received instructions for diet, flossing, and fluoridation. The primary outcome after 18 months was radiographic lesion progression (assessed by digital subtraction radiography). No unwanted effects could be observed. In the effect group, 2/27 lesions (7%) and in the control group 10/27 lesions (37%) showed progression (p = 0.021; McNemar). Infiltration of interproximal caries lesions is efficacious in reducing lesion progression.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the masking efficacy and color stability of resin infiltration on post-orthodontic ICL after 1 year.Materials and methodsIn 17 adolescents, 112 ICL (ICDAS-1: n = 1; ICDAS-2: n = 111) in 112 teeth were treated by resin infiltration (Icon, DMG) 3 to 12 months after bracket removal. The etching procedure was performed up to 3 times. Standardized digital images were taken before treatment (T0), 7 days (T7) and 12 months (T365) after treatment. Outcomes included the evaluation of the color differences between infiltrated and healthy enamel at T0, T7, and T365 by quantitative (colorimetric analysis (ΔE), ICDAS scores) and qualitative methods (5-point Likert scale (deteriorated (1), unchanged (2), improved, but not satisfying (3), improved and no further treatment required (4), completely masked (5)).) Differences between time points were analyzed by using Friedman test (ΔΕ) and chi-square tests (ICDAS).ResultsThe median color difference (25th/75th percentiles) between carious and healthy enamel at baseline (ΔΕ0) was 10.2(7.7/13.6). A significant decrease was observed 7 days after treatment (ΔΕ7 = 3.1(1.8/5.0); p < 0.001; ICDAS; p < 0.001). No significant changes based on ΔΕ (p = 1.000), and ICDAS grade (p = 0.305) were observed between T7 and T365 (ΔΕ12 = 3.4 (1.8/4.9)). Furthermore, at T365 four experienced dentists classified 55% and 39% of the lesions as “improved and no further treatment required” and “completely masked,” respectively (Fleiss kappa: T365 = 0.851 (almost perfect)).ConclusionResin infiltration efficaciously masked post-orthodontic ICL 7 days and 12 months after treatment. These results for most of the teeth could not only be observed by quantitative but also by qualitative analysis.Clinical relevanceResin infiltration efficaciously masks post-orthodontic initial carious lesions. The optical improvement can be observed directly after treatment and remains stable for at least 12 months.

We report the 3-year efficacy of resin infiltration (Icon, pre-product; DMG, Hamburg) to arrest progression of proximal non-cavitated caries lesions as compared with placebo treatment. In 22 young adults, 29 lesion pairs with radiographic extensions into the inner half of enamel up to the outer third of dentin were included (split-mouth design). All subjects received risk-related instructions for diet, flossing and fluoridation. No unwanted effects could be observed. Radiographically 1/26 test lesions (4%) and 11/26 control lesions (42%) had progressed (p = 0.002, McNemar). After 3-year follow-up, infiltration of proximal caries lesions can be said to be efficacious to reduce lesion progression.

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different bleaching gels on the masking and caries-arresting effects of infiltrated and non-infiltrated stained artificial enamel caries lesions. Materials and methods Bovine enamel specimens ( n = 240) with each two sound areas (SI and SC) and each two lesions (DI and DC) were infiltrated (DI and SI), stained (1:1 red wine-coffee mixture,70 days), and randomly distributed in six groups to be bleached with the following materials: 6%HP (HP-6), 16%CP (CP-16), 35%HP (HP-35), 40%HP (HP-40), and no bleaching (NBl,NBl-NBr). Subsequently, specimens were pH-cycled (28 days, 6 × 60 min demineralization/day) and all groups except NBl-NBr were brushed with toothpaste slurry (1.100 ppm, 2×/day, 10 s). Differences in colorimetric values (Δ L , Δ E ) and integrated mineral loss (ΔΔ Z ) between baseline, infiltration, staining, bleaching, and pH cycling were calculated using photographic and transversal microradiographic images. Results At baseline, significant visible color differences between DI and SC were observed (Δ E baseline = 12.2; p < 0.001; ANCOVA). After infiltration, these differences decreased significantly (Δ E infiltration = 3.8; p < 0.001). Staining decreased and bleaching increased Δ L values significantly ( p ≤ 0.001). No significant difference in ΔΔ E was observed between before staining and after bleaching (Δ E bleaching = 4.3; p = 0.308) and between the bleaching agents ( p = 1.000; ANCOVA). pH-cycling did not affect colorimetric values (Δ E pH-cycling = 4.0; p = 1.000). For DI, no significant change in Δ Z during in vitro period was observed ( p ≥ 0.063; paired t test). Conclusions Under the conditions chosen, the tested materials could satisfactorily bleach infiltrated and non-infiltrated stained enamel. Furthermore, bleaching did not affect the caries-arresting effect of the infiltration. Clinical relevance The present study indicates that bleaching is a viable way to satisfactorily recover the appearance of discolored sound enamel and infiltrated lesions.

ObjectiveThe main purpose of this split month, randomized, controlled clinical trial was evaluate the efficacy of caries infiltration in controlling the progression of non-cavitated proximal lesions in primary molars. Anxiety and time required for the caries infiltration was also evaluated.Materials and methodsFifty healthy children, 5 to 9 years, presenting two primary molars with proximal caries lesions (1/2 of the enamel or outer 1/3 of dentin), were included. Lesions were randomly allocated to the test group (fluoridated toothpaste + flossing + infiltration) or to the control group (fluoridated toothpaste + flossing). Caries risk was based on the Cariogram model. The main outcome after 1-year radiographic follow up was assessed by an independent blinded examiner A facial image scale (FIS) was applied to assess dental anxiety and time required to perform the infiltration was recorded.ResultsOf the sample, 92.9% corresponded to high or medium caries risk. In 42 patients (1-year follow up), caries progression was observed in 11.9% (5/42) of the test lesions compared with 33.3% (14/42) of the control lesions (p < 0.05). Five control and three test lesions progressed to the middle 1/3 of dentin and were restored. No side effects were observed. Anxiety was both low before and after the treatment, and mean time required for the infiltration was 11.29 min (± 1.16 min).ConclusionsCaries infiltration of proximal caries lesions in primary molars is significantly more efficacious than standard therapy alone (fluoride toothpaste + flossing).Clinical relevanceCaries infiltration is an applicable and well-accepted method be used in children, representing a promising micro-invasive approach.

Background This study evaluated the effect of nano-silica (NS) incorporation with resin infiltrant on water sorption and solubility of resin infiltrant, mineral density of demineralized enamel, and resin tags penetration. Methods NS (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri, USA) was added into the resin infiltrant (ICON, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) at two concentrations by weight. The tested groups were: ICON (control), ICON + 0.2, and ICON + 0.5 ( n  = 10 per group). Water sorption and solubility were assessed using mass variation after 60 days water storage. Mineral density and surface topography were assessed using micro-Computed Tomography scans. Resin tags penetration was measured using a scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance and Tukey’s post-hoc tests ( P  < .05). Results ICON revealed the highest water sorption, solubility mean values (28.90, 7.61) followed by ICON + 0.2 (14.80, 4.82) and ICON + 0.5 (12.32, 0.81) respectively, and vice versa for resin tags penetration. Mineral density of demineralized enamel significantly increased after treatment with ICON + 0.2 and ICON + 0.5. Conclusion Incorporation of NS to resin infiltrant decreased its water sorption and solubility along with enhancing the mineral density of the demineralized enamel and the penetration of resin tags.

The infiltration of caries lesions with low-viscosity light-curing resins (infiltrants) has been shown to inhibit further demineralization in vitro. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of resin infiltration in preventing lesion progression in situ. In each of 104 bovine enamel specimens, 2 artificial enamel caries lesions were created. The specimens were randomly allocated to 2 groups: in the test group, 1 of the lesions was etched for 5 s (37% H 3 PO 4 ) and subsequently infiltrated twice with a preproduct infiltrant, each time for 60 s. As a positive control, 1 lesion was superficially sealed with a fissure sealant. The second lesion in each specimen served as an untreated control. The specimens were inserted into intraoral appliances and worn by 11 volunteers in the mandibular buccal sulcus for 100 days. Plaque accumulation was promoted by a mesh, and the appliances were stored in 10% sucrose solution (2 × 30 min/day). The specimens were analyzed using transversal microradiography and wavelength-independent microradiography. The specimens of 2 participants were excluded from analysis. The baseline integrated mineral losses (transversal microradiography values; mean ± SD: 2474 ± 549 vol% × µm) and lesion depths (98 ± 20 µm) did not differ significantly between the various groups (p > 0.05; paired t test). After the in situ phase, the infiltrated and positive control lesions showed significantly less progression compared to the untreated controls (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that resin infiltration is efficacious in preventing further demineralization of artificial enamel caries lesions under cariogenic conditions in situ.

Objectives Limited evidence exists about the usefulness of ethanol or acetone application to desiccate caries lesions before resin infiltration. Therefore, this in vitro study aimed to compare the penetration depths (PD) of an infiltrant (DMG, Germany) into natural caries lesions using various pretreatments. Material and methods Extracted permanent human molars and premolars showing non-cavitated caries lesions were etched (90 s, 15 % HCl gel) and stored in pooled saliva (7 days). Lesions were etched again (30 s, 15 % HCl gel), washed (30 s), air-dried (30 s), and randomly allocated to one of the pretreatments: none (negative control), air-drying (incubator, 37 °C, 24 h; positive control), once ethanol (E1), twice ethanol (E2), once acetone (A1), and twice acetone (A2). Subsequently, the infiltrant was applied for 5 min and light-cured. Ground sections were prepared for analyses of lesion depths (LD) and PD using confocal microscopy. Results Median LD (Q25/Q75) of all lesions ( n  = 91) and lesions ≥500 μm ( n  = 57) were 629 (395/798) and 731 (638/876) μm, respectively. When all lesions were analyzed, no significant differences between various pretreatments could be observed ( p  > 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis). For lesions ≥500 μm, significantly deeper PP was observed in groups PC, E1, A1, and A2 compared with NC ( p  < 0.05; Mann–Whitney), but not after adjustment for multiple comparison ( p  > 0.05). Conclusion Application of either ethanol or acetone, followed by air-drying, is suitable to prepare caries lesions for resin infiltration in vitro. Clinical relevance This paper shows that proper drying is an important step prior to caries infiltration.

Introduction: Infiltrant resins were developed to hamper carious lesion progression and mask the whitish appearance of first evidence of caries. Objective: This study aimed at testing the hypothesis that a long application time of resin infiltrant in proximal enamel caries improves esthetic outcome compared to the commercially recommended time. Materials and Methods: Twenty teeth with uncavitated inactive proximal white enamel caries lesions (selected by two calibrated examiners; inter-examiner κ = 0.87) were divided into two groups (experimental and control group; n = 10) that agreed regarding lesion surface area. Lesions were infiltrated following the protocol recommended by the manufacturer (two applications, 3 min application first and another 1 min application later; control) and by the protocol tested in this study (one application of 30 min; experimental). Enamel opaqueness (esthetic outcome) was measured by a calibrated examiner (intra-class coefficient of 0.9) before and after infiltration using fluorescence microscopy. Results: Reduction of enamel opaqueness was significantly higher in the experimental group (40.0% ± 18.5%) than in the control group (18.6% ± 14.9%) (P = 0.0105, one-tailed t-test; Hedge's g of 1.28, 95% confidence interval of 0.43/2.13, and power of 86%). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the application time of 30 min provides a greater reduction in opaqueness of proximal enamel lesion compared to the application time recommended by the manufacturer. The high effect size could stimulate patients to comply with the treatment time.