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This article presents some reflections on the paths for vocational guidance in the Costa Rican educational system. It reflects on the complexity of the contexts within which guidance is circumscribed and on the need to establish professional practice on a paradigm of complexity. This position will allow for timely responses to the challenges inherent to professional practice, so that these are addressed with a broad and dynamic perspective that considers the complex framework that characterizes the person being guided based on political, economic, social, cultural, and axiological circumstances, as well as their interrelations and perceptions. At the same time, it revisits some elements of the life designing approach, which allows vocational guidance intervention to be operationalized from a perspective of complexity, by proposing the need to move towards a model adapted to current realities that consider the context, values, interrelations, perceptions, and personal capacities in the construction of trajectories in the different areas of life. Finally, some key points are proposed for optimizing vocational guidance, ensuring that the guiding actions are rooted in the substantial elements proposed by both theoretical perspectives. The goal is to enhance employability, career development, and social justice for the target populations served.

This brief review discusses the complexity paradigm and the sustainability of complex biological, ecological, and socio-economic systems. This paradigm is considered to complement the reductionism paradigm in explaining the natural phenomena. We suggest that the concepts used in theoretical physics can be considered to describe the specific case of complex systems and to develop their dynamical models.

Metalloproteinases (MPs) are zinc-dependent enzymes with proteolytic activity and a variety of functions in the pathophysiology of human diseases. The main objectives of this review are to analyze a specific family of MPs, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), in the most common chronic and complex diseases that affect patients’ social lives and to better understand the nature of the associations between MMPs and the psychosocial environment. In accordance with the PRISMA extension for a scoping review, an examination was carried out. A collection of 24 studies was analyzed, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of MMP and their connection to the manifestation of social aspects in human disease. The complexity of the relationship between MMP and social problems is presented via an interdisciplinary approach based on complexity paradigm as a new approach for conceptualizing knowledge in health research. Finally, two implications emerge from the study: first, the psychosocial states of individuals have a profound impact on their overall health and disease conditions, which implies the importance of adopting a holistic perspective on human well-being, encompassing both physical and psychosocial aspects. Second, the use of MPs as biomarkers may provide physicians with valuable tools for a better understanding of disease when used in conjunction with “sociomarkers” to develop mathematical predictive models.

Tlapanec (Mè’phàà) is known for its enigmatic tonal alternation in verb forms according to person and aspect-mode categories, in addition to suppletion and other segmental alternations. In this paper, we argue that the tonal alternations observed in Tlapanec regular agentive verbs can be straightforwardly accounted for by phonology, without resorting to any extreme abstractness: the lexical tones of the prefixes and the verb stems, with underspecification and floating tones, and cross-linguistically common tone processes such as tone spreading and floating tone docking. Such a phonological (or a morpheme-based) approach is contrasted with a word-based approach, where tonal alternations are viewed as inflectional classes. We show that the phonological approach is more adequate than a word-based approach.

In order for English majors in Iran to be sustainable for the future world of emerging dynamic changes, moving towards the paradigm of complexity (CP) seems to be a promising option for academic settings. However, any renewal should be carefully studied before it is ready to be implemented. The present analytical paper, therefore, elaborates on some key characteristics of CP, suggests a type of instruction that may be best compatible with the goals of CP: creativity and sustainability, and considers some positive and negative aspects of putting CP into effect. In addition, CP is shown to be a future-focused, transdisciplinary, interdisciplinary, open, dynamic system in which anti-monopolistic ideas, and cross-cultural tolerance and peace are highlighted. On the other hand, it is capable of raising some arguable sociocultural and psychological concerns such as national identity issues and information overload that need to be carefully addressed. Finally, it is proposed that CP is a novel research niche that invites future researchers, material developers, and language policy makers to explore it from different perspectives.

Este artigo relata trajetórias de aprendizagem de graduandos de Letras inglês, participantes do projeto de aconselhamento linguageiro da Universidade Federal do Pará, compreendidas à luz do paradigma da complexidade. O aconselhamento é uma forma de apoio à aprendizagem e consiste em encontros entre o conselheiro e aluno, geralmente de forma individual. O conselheiro trabalha junto ao aluno como um facilitador, mentor, assessor, ajudante, agente de apoio e consultor. A análise de dados é feita com base no paradigma da complexidade, segundo o qual os fenômenos observados levam em conta a instabilidade e a não-linearidade dos sistemas complexos. O uso desse paradigma na aprendizagem de línguas permite a compreensão de alguns fenômenos antes dificilmente explicados por investigações tradicionais. Os dados gerados pelas narrativas possibilitaram o estudo das principais características dos sistemas complexos e a percepção da influência que certos acontecimentos podem exercer na trajetória desses alunos ao longo das sessões de aconselhamento. A análise trouxe à tona a complexidade e imprevisibilidade de cada história, mostrando a grande quantidade de fatores que influenciam a trajetória de aprendizagem desses participantes e o quão interconectados esses fatores estão. Palavras-chave: aprendizagem de línguas, paradigma da complexidade, sistemas adaptativos complexos.

Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones en torno a los derroteros para el quehacer de la orientación vocacional en el sistema educativo costarricense. Se reflexiona sobre la complejidad que reviste los contextos en que se circunscribe la acción orientadora y sobre la necesidad de asentar el ejercicio profesional desde el paradigma de la complejidad. Este posicionamiento permitirá brindar respuestas oportunas a los desafíos propios del quehacer profesional, de manera que estos sean afrontados con una mirada amplia y dinámica que considere el entramado complejo que caracteriza a la persona orientada en virtud de las circunstancias políticas, económicas, sociales, culturales, axiológicas, así como sus interrelaciones y percepciones. A la vez, se retoman algunos elementos del enfoque de construcción de vida (life designing), el cual permite operativizar la intervención en orientación vocacional desde una perspectiva de complejidad, al plantear la necesidad de transitar hacia un modelo ajustado a las realidades actuales que tome en cuenta el contexto, los valores, las interrelaciones, percepciones y capacidades personales en la construcción de trayectorias en los diferentes ámbitos que integran la vida. Por último, se plantean algunas claves para optimizar la orientación vocacional de manera que se asiente la acción orientadora en los elementos sustanciales que ambas perspectivas teóricas plantean, con el fin de contribuir a la empleabilidad, el desarrollo de la carrera y la justicia social de las poblaciones que se atiende.

Purpose - This paper offers a framework based on the key principles of the complexity paradigm proposed by Edgar Morin to review what can be considered the dominant approach towards knowledge management, i.e. the intellectual capital construct. The purpose of this paper is to identify epistemological weaknesses to offer insights for the improvement of the theory and practice on knowledge management.Design methodology approach - Based on the complexity paradigm and its dialogic and recursive principles, a framework to understand knowledge is offered comprising three interrelated requirements, each of which is based on a pair of opposites, arguably critical for the conceptualisation of a complex knowledge: order and disorder, whole and parts, and non-logical and logical modes of thinking. This tool is applied to reviewing the epistemological assumptions under the intellectual capital approach, in order to find insights for further research on knowledge management. The task has an interpretative character and is carried out highlighting central aspects of the intellectual capital construct.Findings - As a result it is possible to point out that the intellectual capital approach does not fulfill the complexity requirements, since it only recognises at the level of human beings their objective and functional aspects of knowledge, given by qualifications and other features that can be measured on the one hand, and driven a priori by a functional strategy, on the other. It ignores, in consequence, the more unstructured and disordered aspect of knowledge which, from a complexity perspective, is constitutive for the creation of innovative ideas.Research limitations implications - The study is fully centered on intellectual capital literature. A complementary review of other less used expressions of knowledge management such as the construct of \"communities of practice\", applying the same diagnostic tool, could enrich the conclusions and theoretical proposals.Practical implications - A framework for the detection of epistemological biases is offered and used in this paper to study the intellectual capital construct, which could be also applied for other knowledge-based settings. For business managers and consultants dealing with knowledge management, this paper can also give some insights for the improvement of their organisational interventions.Originality value - A novel approach, the complexity paradigm, is proposed as the epistemological standpoint to improve theory and practice on knowledge management.

The present article analyzes and outlines significant changes in ideas about the object of scientific knowledge in modern science. Special attention is paid to the transition to the paradigm of complexity, within which the object of scientific knowledge acquires a complex systemic character and remains in the same complex connections with systems of different levels. It is marked that such changes entail a number of methodological requirements, which are especially clearly manifested in modern theories of bioethics and its real practices. A special role in this case is assigned to issues of transdisciplinary approach, complementary methodology, and values of the subject of bioethical cognition. The prospects for further research are related to the possibilities of deepening the methodology of the paradigm of complexity based on the application of a transdisciplinary approach.

In the flourishing social and cultural background of 1990s, architecture industry experienced a free reign to all styles of design and all schools of thought in 1990s. In this paper, the author analyses main architectural discourse in the 1990s, the main tendency in architectural discourse is still mixing all styles including the complexity paradigm. Together with three very prominent contemporary theories, post-modern, post-modern ecology and new modern, a relatively new complexity paradigm became the active style and focal point. Building design becomes more complicated and needs the integration of more related disciplines, which also spurs new discourse surrounding the tendency of complexity paradigm.