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Computer aided fashion design using Gerber technology
\"Computer aided design is at the forefront of the patternmaking business today. Computer Aided Design Using Gerber Technology provides clear, step-by-step instructions for AccuMark Explorer, Silhouette/Pattern Design System, and Marker Makingssary to aid the designer in the creation of a garment from conception to output. This text is appropriate for new students as well as design professionals who need a technological refresher course.\"-- Back cover.
Book
Quick Guideline for Computational Drug Design (Revised Edition)
Bioinformatics allows researchers to answer biological questions with advanced computational methods which involves the application of statistics and mathematical modeling. Structural bioinformatics enables the prediction and analysis of 3D structures of macromolecules while Computer Aided Drug Designing (CADD) assists scientists to design effective active molecules against diseases. However, the concepts in structural bioinformatics and CADD can be complex to understand for students and educated laymen. This quick guideline is intended as a basic manual for beginner students and instructors involved in bioinformatics and computational chemistry courses. Readers will learn the basics of structural bioinformatics, primary and secondary analysis and prediction, structural visualization, structural analysis and molecular docking. Therefore, the book is a useful handbook for aspiring scholars who wish to learn the basic concepts in computational analysis of biomolecules.
eBook
Towards the online computer-aided design of catalytic pockets
The engineering of catalysts with desirable properties can be accelerated by computer-aided design. To achieve this aim, features of molecular catalysts can be condensed into numerical descriptors that can then be used to correlate reactivity and structure. Based on such descriptors, we have introduced topographic steric maps that provide a three-dimensional image of the catalytic pocket—the region of the catalyst where the substrate binds and reacts—enabling it to be visualized and also reshaped by changing various parameters. These topographic steric maps, especially when used in conjunction with density functional theory calculations, enable catalyst structural modifications to be explored quickly, making the online design of new catalysts accessible to the wide chemical community. In this Perspective, we discuss the application of topographic steric maps either to rationalize the behaviour of known catalysts—from synthetic molecular species to metalloenzymes—or to design improved catalysts.
The shape complementarity between the active site of a catalyst and a substrate influences how effectively a reaction can be catalysed. Computational tools can be used to visualize the shape around the active centre of a range of catalysts and the application of such approaches to rationalize the behaviour of known catalysts — and to design new ones — is discussed.
Journal Article
Electronic workflow for interior designers and architects
\"Good design is smart design, and smart designers carefully control their workflow for maximum efficiency. Interior designers use multiple programs during the design process but tend to learn each program in isolation. Electronic Workflow for Interior Designers and Architects is written with integration in mind: students and working professionals will learn how to combine traditional phases of design with the capabilities of selected software for efficient, clear project development. This book is organized to follow the design process from start to finish using a typical interior renovation project. Chapters cover everything from predesign and research to working drawings and construction documents. Presentation renderings for schematic designs and techniques for creating physical and electronic portfolios are also discussed. Readers have the choice of working with a simple, small project or a complex, multilevel one, depending on skill level.--Publisher's website.
Book
Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing
This book addresses the need to provide up-to-date coverage of current CAD/CAM usage and implementation. It covers, in one source, the entire design-to-manufacture process, reflecting the industry trend to further integrate CAD and CAM into a single, unified process. It also updates the computer aided design theory and methods in modern manufacturing systems and examines the most advanced computer-aided tools used in digital manufacturing. Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing consists of three parts. The first part on Computer Aided Design (CAD) offers the chapters on Geometric Modelling; Knowledge Based Engineering; Platforming Technology; Reverse Engineering; and Motion Simulation. The second part on Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) covers Group Technology and Cellular Manufacturing; Computer Aided Fixture Design; Computer Aided Manufacturing; Simulation of Manufacturing Processes; and Computer Aided Design of Tools, Dies and Molds (TDM). The final part includes the chapters on Digital Manufacturing; Additive Manufacturing; and Design for Sustainability. The book is also featured for being uniquely structured to classify and align engineering disciplines and computer aided technologies from the perspective of the design needs in whole product life cycles, utilizing a comprehensive Solidworks package (add-ins, toolbox, and library) to showcase the most critical functionalities of modern computer aided tools, and presenting real-world design projects and case studies so that readers can gain CAD and CAM problem-solving skills upon the CAD/CAM theory. Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing is an ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical engineering, manufacturing engineering, and industrial engineering. It can also be used as a technical reference for researchers and engineers in mechanical and manufacturing engineering or computer-aided technologies.
eBook
Evaluation of fit and efficiency of CAD/CAM fabricated all-ceramic restorations based on direct and indirect digitalization: a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial
Objectives
The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM fabricated zirconia crowns and three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) resulting from direct versus indirect digitalization. The efficiency of both methods was analyzed.
Materials and methods
In 25 patients, 17 single crowns and eight three-unit FDPs were fabricated with all-ceramic zirconia using CAD/CAM technology. Each patient underwent two different impression methods; a computer-aided impression with Lava C.O.S. (CAI) and a conventional polyether impression with Impregum pent soft (CI). The working time for each group was recorded. Before insertion, the marginal and internal fit was recorded using silicone replicas of the frameworks. Each sample was cut into four sections and evaluated at four sites (marginal gap, mid-axial wall, axio-occlusal transition, centro-occlusal site) under ×64 magnification. The Mann–Whitney
U
test was used to detect significant differences between the two groups in terms of marginal and internal fit (α = 0.05).
Results
The mean for the marginal gap was 61.08 μm (±24.77 μm) for CAI compared with 70.40 μm (±28.87 μm) for CI, which was a statistically significant difference. The other mean values for CAI and CI, respectively, were as follows in micrometers (± standard deviation): 88.27 (±41.49) and 92.13 (±49.87) at the mid-axial wall; 144.78 (±46.23) and 155.60 (±55.77) at the axio-occlusal transition; and 155.57 (49.85) and 171.51 (±60.98) at the centro-occlusal site. The CAI group showed significantly lower values of internal fit at the centro-occlusal site.
A quadrant scan with a computer-aided impression was 5 min 6 s more time efficient when compared with a conventional impression, and a full-arch scan was 1 min 34 s more efficient.
Conclusions
Although both direct and indirect digitalization facilitate the fabrication of single crowns and three-unit FDPs with clinically acceptable marginal fit, a significantly better marginal fit was noted with direct digitalization. Digital impressions are also less time-consuming for the dental practitioner and the patient.
Clinical relevance
The results show that a direct, intraoral, digitalized impression technique is more accurate and efficient when compared with conventional impressions in fabricating single crowns and three-unit FDPs.
Journal Article
Trueness of four different milling procedures used in dental CAD/CAM systems
Objectives
Milling is a crucial step in producing restorations using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems. In this study the trueness of currently available milling devices was evaluated.
Materials and methods
Thirty clinical cases (ten inlays, ten crowns, ten onlays) were milled from ceramic blocks using four different milling approaches: five axis with IMES CORiTEC 450i, four axis with CEREC MCXL, four axis with CEREC MCXL-EF and five axis with inLab MCX5. The milled restorations were scanned and the occlusal and inner surfaces compared to the originally calculated 3D surface using difference analysis software. The (90–10 %) / 2 percentile of the distances were calculated and analysed using one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Scheffé test (
α
= 0.05). Chipping of marginal areas were visually examined and analysed using one-way ANOVA with a post hoc Tamhane test (
α
= 0.05).
Results
At inner surfaces, the milling trueness of IMES (33.9 ± 16.3 μm), X5 (32.3 ± 9.7 μm) and MCXL-EF (34.4 ± 7.5 μm) was significantly better (
p
< 0.001) than that of MCXL (62.1 ± 17.1 μm). At occlusal surfaces, MCXL-EF (25.7 ± 9.3 μm) showed significant higher accuracy (
p
< 0.001) than MCXL (48.7 ± 23.3 μm) and X5 (40.9 ± 20.4 μm). IMES produced the most chipping (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
Five-axis milling devices yield high trueness. MCXL-EF is competitive and may allow chairside fabrication with good milling results.
Clinical relevance
Accurate milling is required for well-fitting restorations and thereby requires fewer manual finishing steps, yields smaller marginal gaps, resistance to secondary caries and longevity of restorations.
Journal Article