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This study reports on 382 COVID-19 patients having undergone allogeneic ( n  = 236) or autologous ( n  = 146) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) or to the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (GETH). The median age was 54.1 years (1.0–80.3) for allogeneic, and 60.6 years (7.7–81.6) for autologous HCT patients. The median time from HCT to COVID-19 was 15.8 months (0.2–292.7) in allogeneic and 24.6 months (−0.9 to 350.3) in autologous recipients. 83.5% developed lower respiratory tract disease and 22.5% were admitted to an ICU. Overall survival at 6 weeks from diagnosis was 77.9% and 72.1% in allogeneic and autologous recipients, respectively. Children had a survival of 93.4%. In multivariate analysis, older age ( p  = 0.02), need for ICU ( p  < 0.0001) and moderate/high immunodeficiency index ( p  = 0.04) increased the risk while better performance status ( p  = 0.001) decreased the risk for mortality. Other factors such as underlying diagnosis, time from HCT, GVHD, or ongoing immunosuppression did not significantly impact overall survival. We conclude that HCT patients are at high risk of developing LRTD, require admission to ICU, and have increased mortality in COVID-19.

Introducción: Covid-19, una enfermedad letal que ha provocado estragos a nivel mundial causó una pandemia, afectando a casi todos los aspectos de la vida humana, por lo cual, se debe adquirir conocimientos sobre prevención, formar actitudes y comportamientos positivos para evitar más contagios y muertes. El objetivo fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento de Covid-19 entre estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo que pertenecen a la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Métodos: estudio observacional, analítico transversal, con una muestra conformada por 275 participantes entre docentes odontólogos, personal administrativo, estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado. Previo al estudio se realizó la traducción del cuestionario: Covid-19 Awareness Among Healthcare Students and Professionals in Mumbai Metropolitan Region: A Questionnaire-Based Survey, de inglés a español, siguiendo los debidos procesos de preparación, conciliación, retrotraducción, e informe final. Una vez establecida la fiabilidad del cuestionario (consistencia interna CCI= 0,89 y Alpha de Cronbach α= 0,63) se aplicó a la muestra total previo diseño en Google Forms y enviado a través de correo electrónico. Los datos fueron analizados en el programa estadístico SPSS v. 26 mediante la prueba de Chi-Cuadrado. Resultados: el promedio establecido del valor de la mediana mostró que los estudiantes de pregrado y los profesionales con un nivel educativo de tercer nivel tuvieron un mayor nivel de conocimientos que los otros grupos (p=0,014 y 0,012) respectivamente. Conclusiones: el grupo etario de 18 a 30 años, los estudiantes de universitarios de pregrado y los profesionales con el título de tercer nivel tuvieron un mejor nivel de conocimientos sobre Covid-19.

Acute grief appears more severe after COVID-19 deaths than natural deaths. Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) also appears prevalent following COVID-19 deaths. Researchers hypothesize that specific loss characteristics and pandemic-related circumstances may precipitate more severe grief following COVID-19 deaths compared to (other) natural deaths. Systematic research on these hypotheses may help identify those most at risk for severe grief reactions, yet it is scant. To compare loss characteristics, loss circumstances, and grief levels among people bereaved due to COVID-19, natural, and unnatural causes. Adults bereaved through COVID-19 (n = 99), natural causes (n = 1006), and unnatural causes (n = 161) completed an online survey. We administered self-report measures of demographic variables (i.e., age, gender), loss characteristics (i.e., time since loss, relationship with the deceased, intensive care admission, expectedness of death), loss circumstances (i.e., saying goodbye appropriately, COVID-19 infection, quarantine, financial setbacks, social support satisfaction, altered funeral arrangements, funeral satisfaction), and prolonged grief symptoms. COVID-19 deaths (vs. other deaths) more often were parental deaths and less often child deaths. COVID-19 deaths (vs. natural deaths) were more often unexpected and characterized by an inability to say goodbye appropriately. People bereaved due to COVID-19 (vs. other deaths) were more often infected and quarantined. COVID-19 deaths (vs. other deaths) more often involved intensive care admission and altered funeral arrangements. COVID-19 deaths yielded higher grief levels than natural deaths (but not unnatural deaths). Expectedness of the death and the inability to say goodbye appropriately explained this effect. Bereavement due to COVID-19 is characterized by a unique set of loss characteristics and circumstances and elevated grief levels. Improving opportunities to say goodbye before and after death (e.g., by means of rituals) may provide an important means to prevent and reduce severe grief following COVID-19 deaths. COVID-19 deaths have unique loss characteristics and circumstances and elicit more severe grief than natural deaths. Death expectedness and the ability to say goodbye appropriately appear important in understanding, preventing and treating grief following COVID-19 deaths.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorder, currently affecting ~7 million people worldwide. PD is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, with at least 10% of all cases explained by a monogenic cause or strong genetic risk factor. However, the vast majority of our present data on monogenic PD is based on the investigation of patients of European White ancestry, leaving a large knowledge gap on monogenic PD in underrepresented populations. Gene-targeted therapies are being developed at a fast pace and have started entering clinical trials. In light of these developments, building a global network of centers working on monogenic PD, fostering collaborative research, and establishing a clinical trial-ready cohort is imperative. Based on a systematic review of the English literature on monogenic PD and a successful team science approach, we have built up a network of 59 sites worldwide and have collected information on the availability of data, biomaterials, and facilities. To enable access to this resource and to foster collaboration across centers, as well as between academia and industry, we have developed an interactive map and online tool allowing for a quick overview of available resources, along with an option to filter for specific items of interest. This initiative is currently being merged with the Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2), which will attract additional centers with a focus on underrepresented sites. This growing resource and tool will facilitate collaborative research and impact the development and testing of new therapies for monogenic and potentially for idiopathic PD patients.

Established under the European Union (EU) Birds and Habitats Directives, Natura 2000 is one of the largest international networks of protected areas. With the spatial designation of sites by the EU member states almost finalized, the biggest challenge still lying ahead is the appropriate management of the sites. To evaluate the cross‐scale functioning of Natura 2000 implementation, we analyzed 242 questionnaires completed by conservation scientists involved in the implementation of Natura 2000 in 24 EU member states. Respondents identified 7 key drivers of the quality of Natura 2000 implementation. Ordered in decreasing evaluation score, these drivers included: network design, use of external resources, legal frame, scientific input, procedural frame, social input, and national or local policy. Overall, conservation scientists were moderately satisfied with the implementation of Natura 2000. Tree modeling revealed that poor application of results of environmental impact assessments (EIA) was considered a major constraint. The main strengths of the network included the substantial increase of scientific knowledge of the sites, the contribution of nongovernmental organizations, the adequate network design in terms of area and representativeness, and the adequacy of the EU legal frame. The main weaknesses of Natura 2000 were the lack of political will from local and national governments toward effective implementation; the negative attitude of local stakeholders; the lack of background knowledge of local stakeholders, which prevented well‐informed policy decisions; and the understaffing of Natura 2000 management authorities. Top suggestions to improve Natura 2000 implementation were increase public awareness, provide environmental education to local communities, involve high‐quality conservation experts, strengthen quality control of EIA studies, and establish a specific Natura 2000 fund.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that traumatic experiences from countries of origin (so-called pre-migratory factors), as well as stressors in countries of destination (so-called post-migratory factors), are related to the extent of mental health difficulties and psychological well-being of refugees. However, numerous risks that this population is exposed to during transit have so far been neglected. Objective: The aim of this research was to construct and validate a questionnaire for assessing stressful and traumatic experiences in transit as well as its short form, which would at the same time provide information on one's stressful experiences as well as existing risks that refugees are exposed to on their journey. Method: The study was realized in three phases - item construction, item revision and instrument validation. In the validation phase, a total of 226 refugees completed the Stressful Experiences in Transit Questionnaire (SET-Q), along with Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) Parts I and IV, Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and Beck Depression Inventory - II (BDI-II). Results: Refugees were exposed to an average of 13 stressful events during transit. SET-Q total score was positively correlated with HTQ Part IV Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Self-Perception of Functioning scales (SPFS) while the number of stressful experiences with the local population was positively related to BDI-II depression symptoms. Moreover, SET-Q scores were significant predictors of PTSD and SPFS even after traumatic experiences in the country of origin, assessed by HTQ Part I, were taken into account. A short form of the questionnaire (SET-SF) has also been developed. Conclusions: SET-Q is a valid instrument for measuring the scope of stressful experiences refugees have been exposed to during transit, targeted for this population specifically. Furthermore, SET-SF has the potential to assess the same extent of stressful experiences with a significantly reduced number of items. * We developed the Stressful Experiences in Transit Questionnaire (SET-Q) and its short form (SET-SF).* Refugees are exposed to multiple risks during transit.* SET-Q and SET-SF have an incremental prediction of symptomatology measures.

The use of ionizing radiation is legally regulated by health authorities due to the risk of harmful effects on patients and occupationally exposed personnel. In dentistry, the possible risk is carcinogenesis, being essential to know and apply radiological protection, in order to reduce this risk. There are few investigations on the level of knowledge of dental students in radiation protection, and none carried out in Central America. Questionnaires are a tool to determine this information; however, during their development, validation is essential, allowing the instrument to be used at different times or populations. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the knowledge in radiation protection of undergraduate and postgraduate students in dentistry. A questionnaire on radiological protection was built based on literature and national legislation. For its validation, the pre-test was carried out in two stages: content review through the judgment of 6 experts, and application to a small sample of students. Once modified according to the pre-test, the questionnaire was applied to 62 students - who did not participate in the pre-test -. Content validity was assessed using Aiken's V coefficient in the first stage of the pre-test. Reproducibility was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and reliability using Cronbach's alpha. An Aiken V coefficient of 0.95 was obtained, an ICC between 0.697 and 0.729 and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.727. The questionnaire developed is a valid instrument to evaluate the knowledge in radiological protection of undergraduate and postgraduate students in dentistry. This instrument will strengthen and improve the training of dental undergraduate and postgraduate students in radiological protection.

The objectives of this study were to verify the validity of the Factorial Structure and the internal consistency of the ques-tionnaire “Perception of changes in lifestyle during social distancing” in university students of a Brazilian private educational institution. A study conducted with a sample of 1.090 university students from the Estácio De Sá University, with an average age of 30.75 (SD: 10.83) years (64% women; 80.3% with some type of scholarship). The instrument had forty-five items related to the following lifestyle components: physical activity, eating habits, stress management, relationships, sleep, and sedentary behavior. Exploratory factor anal-ysis was considered to analyze the structure, and internal consistency considered the Composite reliability (CR). The questionnaire consisted of ten factors and 34 items, which presented an explained variance of 62.19%. The overall CR level was 0.957 and between factors ranged from 0.525 to 0.882. It is observed that the instrument evaluated presents satisfactory conditions for use in research focusing on physical/social distancing, as occurred due to the covid-19 pandemic in Brazilian university students. Os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar a validade da estrutura fatorial e a consistência interna do questionário “Percepção das mudanças no estilo de vida durante o distanciamento social”em universitários de uma instituição de ensino privada brasileira. A amostra foi composta por 1.090 estudantes da Universidade Estácio de Sá, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, com idade médiade 30,75 (DP: 10,83) anos, sendo 64% mulheres e 80,3% com algum tipo de bolsa de estudos. O instrumento possuía quarenta e cinco itens relacionados aos seguintes componentes do estilo de vida: atividade física, alimentação, controle do estresse, relacionamentos, sono e comportamento sedentário. Para análise da estrutura fatorial empregou-se a análise fatorial exploratóriae, para identificação da consistência interna, utilizou-se a confiabilidade composta. A análise fatorial resultou em um questionário com 10 fatores e 34 itens, que apresentaram variância explicada de 62,19%. O nível de confiabilidade composta global foi de 0,957 e, entre os fatores, variou de 0,525 a 0,882. Notou-se que o instrumento avaliado apresenta condições satisfatórias para o uso em pesquisas com foco no distancia-mento social, como ocorrido em virtude da pandemia da COVID-19. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron verificar la validez de la estructura factorial y la consistencia interna del cuestionario \"Percepción de los cambios en el estilo de vida durante el distanciamiento social\" en estudiantes universitarios de una institución de educación privada brasileña. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1.090 estudiantes de la Universidad Estácio de Sá, en el estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, con una edad promedio de 30,75 años (DE: 10,83), siendo el 64% mujeres y el 80,3% beneficiarios de algún tipo de beca. El instrumento constaba de cuarenta y cinco ítems relacionados con los siguientes componentes del estilo de vida: actividad física, alimentación, manejo del estrés, relaciones interpersonales, sueño y comportamiento sedentario. Para el análisis de la estructura factorial se empleó el análisis factorial exploratorio y, para la identificación de la consistencia interna, se utilizó la fiabilidad compuesta. El análisis factorial resultó en un cuestionario con 10 factores y 34 ítems, que presentaron una varianza explicada del 62,19%. El nivel de fiabilidad compuesta global fue de 0,957 y, entre los factores, varió de 0,525 a 0,882. Se observó que el instrumento evaluado presenta condiciones satisfactorias para su uso en investigaciones centradas en el distanciamiento social, como ocurrió a raíz de la pandemia de COVID-19.